Abstract: A mechanism for adaptively performing in-band network telemetry (INT) by a network controller is disclosed. The mechanism includes receiving one or more congestion indicators from a collector. An adjusted sampling rate is generated. The adjusted sampling rate is a specified rate of insertion of instruction headers for INT and is generated based on the congestion indicators. The adjusted sampling rate is transmitted to a head node, which is configured to perform INT via instruction header insertion into user packets.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to transmitting data packets from a source to a destination within a communications network. A data packet is received from the source located in a local sub-network of the network. The data packet includes a first network layer protocol header having a source address containing the local sub-network address of the source, a destination address of the destination, a first field indicating a length of the source address and a second field indicating a length of the destination address. The first network layer protocol header is transformed by modifying the source address and the first field indicating the length of the source address, such that the modifying includes appending to the local sub-network address a prefix of the sub-network to make the source address an address of a higher-level network. The data packet is then forwarded toward the destination in the higher-level network.

Abstract: A mixed Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) network includes both extension header capable (EH capable) nodes and EH non-capable nodes. A first EH capable node receives advertised capabilities of a downstream node. These advertised capabilities indicate whether the downstream node is EH capable. The first EH capable node receives a packet to be transmitted to the downstream node via the MPLS network, and determines whether the packet includes an extension header (EH). The node inserts an EH label into an MPLS label stack of the packet after determining the advertised capabilities of the downstream node indicate that the downstream node is EH capable, and after determining the packet does not include the EH.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to technology for sending network management information in a network. A source edge node modifies data packets by encapsulating an operations, administration and maintenance (OAM) header in the data packets traversing a data path, and the OAM header includes a first indicator field. The source edge node also inserts a segment size field into the OAM header of the data packets based on an indication by the first indicator field, the segment size field indicating the data path is partitioned into segments based on a value of the segment size field.

Abstract: The present technology discloses generating and transmitting a probing packet for determining in-situ performance in a segment routing (SR) network. A packet is received at a SR network node having an IPv6 packet header, and a probing packet is generated that includes the IPv6 packet header, a segment routing header (SRH) extension header, and a UDP header structure and UDP data payload portion. The UDP payload portion includes an OAM header and a IOAM data structure. The probing packet is then transmitted to a next segment node in the SR network.

Abstract: A method implemented by a network edge node including adding a first header including a flags field and a data field including a first metadata to a first packet. The network edge node sets a first flag in the flags field of the first header to a first value to indicate that the first packet is a forward flow packet. The network edge node transmits the first packet towards a second network edge node. The network edge node receives a second packet including the first metadata in the data field and a second flag in the flags field set to the first value to indicate that the second packet is a reverse flow packet. The network edge generates a second metadata corresponding to receipt of the second packet and transmits an export message that includes the first metadata and second metadata toward a controller.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for optimizing network delivery of fifth generation (5G) edge application services by weighting network latency along with a load, capacity, and preference of an application server to determine where to transmit a new flow of packets. By using the weighted approach, network traffic can be equalized among multiple instances (e.g., applications) with the same address.

Abstract: A method performed by a Domain Name System (DNS) name server for providing Segment Routing (SR) Internet Protocol (IP) version 6 (SRv6) information. The method includes receiving a DNS query for an SRv6 resource record (RR) corresponding to a DNS name; determining whether data corresponding to the DNS name comprises the SRv6 RR in response to the DNS query; and transmitting a DNS response, wherein the DNS response comprises the SRv6 RR when the data comprises the SRv6 RR.

Abstract: A per-hop postcard technique is disclosed. The per-hop postcard technique is implemented to improve Postcard-based Telemetry (PBT). A per-section postcard technique is also disclosed. The per-section postcard technique is implemented to improve In-situ OAM (IOAM). By utilizing these techniques, suitable on-path telemetry may be obtained for multicast traffic. In addition, these techniques may be used to reconstruct and visualize a multicast tree, to conduct performance monitoring, and to perform trouble shooting.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and devices (e.g., routers) that add network services to a multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) network. A method can include a network device of the MPLS network receiving a packet, the network device of the MPLS network modifying the packet by adding multiple MPLS extension headers, wherein each of the multiple MPLS extension headers added to the packet is used to support a different one of multiple network services for the MPLS network, and the network device of the MPLS network forwarding the packet as modified to another network device of the MPLS network.

Abstract: A method performed by a network device along a data path for real-time network-wide link latency monitoring. The method includes receiving a packet; incrementing a packet counter; determining whether the packet counter is at least equal to a silent period value (M) when a sampling cycle flag is not set; determining whether the packet includes an existing in-band network telemetry (INT) header when the packet counter is at least equal to the silent period value (M); inserting INT data into the existing INT header of the packet and setting the sampling cycle flag when the packet includes the existing INT header; and forwarding the packet along a data path towards a destination device.

Abstract: A method performed by a network device for generating a distributed flow record. The method comprising determining whether information related to a packet flow associated with a packet should be recorded in a local flow record table (LFRT) of the network device based on a flow record bit in a packet header of the packet. When the information should be recorded, the method updates an existing flow entry for the packet flow in the LFRT, or creates the flow entry for the packet flow in the LFRT when there is available memory space. The method sets or maintains the flow record bit in the packet based on whether the information from the packet associated with the packet flow has been recorded as part of the distributed flow record by the network device.

Abstract: A DNS server comprises: a receiver configured to receive a registration request comprising a domain name, a local address, and a scope, the registration request requests registration of the domain name; a processor coupled to the receiver and configured to execute computer instructions that cause the processor to: assign an address to the domain name based on the local address and the scope, and generate a registration response comprising the address; and a transmitter coupled to the processor and configured to transmit the registration response towards an endpoint. The processor may be further configured to cache a correspondence among the domain name, the address, and the scope.

Abstract: A conversation information processing method, includes: acquiring an attribute structure and a conversation structure that correspond to a target object in response to detecting conversation information to be output; calculating a vector set corresponding to a keyword set; generating a joint semantic vector according to the vector set, and generating a joint structure vector according to the attribute structure and the conversation structure; and determining a degree of matching between the target object and the conversation information according to the joint semantic vector and the joint structure vector, and outputting the conversation information in response to the degree of matching meeting a preset condition.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and devices (e.g., routers) that add in-network services to a multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) network. A method can include a router of the MPLS network receiving a packet and modifying the packet by adding one or more MPLS extension headers, adding a header of the extension header(s), and adding an indication within an MPLS label stack that one or more MPLS extension headers have been added to the packet. The method can also include the router forwarding the packet as modified to another router of the MPLS network. In certain embodiments, an extension header label (EHL) within a label value field of a label stack entry indicates that one or more MPLS extension headers have been added to the packet. In other embodiments, a forward equivalent class (FEC) indicates that one or more MPLS extension headers follow the MPLS label stack.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to transmitting data packets from a source to a destination within a communications network. A data packet is received from the source located in a local sub-network of the network. The data packet includes a first network layer protocol header having a source address containing the local sub-network address of the source, a destination address of the destination, a first field indicating a length of the source address and a second field indicating a length of the destination address. The first network layer protocol header is transformed by modifying the source address and the first field indicating the length of the source address, such that the modifying includes appending to the local sub-network address a prefix of the sub-network to make the source address an address of a higher-level network. The data packet is then forwarded toward the destination in the higher-level network.

Abstract: A mechanism for adaptively performing in-band network telemetry (INT) by a network controller is disclosed. The mechanism includes receiving one or more congestion indicators from a collector. An adjusted sampling rate is generated. The adjusted sampling rate is a specified rate of insertion of instruction headers for INT and is generated based on the congestion indicators. The adjusted sampling rate is transmitted to a head node, which is configured to perform INT via instruction header insertion into user packets.

Abstract: A mechanism for adaptively performing in-band network telemetry (INT) by a network controller is disclosed. The mechanism includes receiving one or more congestion indicators from a collector. An adjusted sampling rate is generated. The adjusted sampling rate is a specified rate of insertion of instruction headers for INT and is generated based on the congestion indicators. The adjusted sampling rate is transmitted to a head node, which is configured to perform INT via instruction header insertion into user packets.

Abstract: A data packet detection method, a device, and a system are disclosed. The method includes: receiving first control information sent by a controller; receiving a first data packet sent by a previous-hop network device of a first network device, where the first data packet includes first detection information, and the first detection information includes a first detection node identifier, a first sequence number, and first collection information; determining, based on the first collection information, first collected data corresponding to the first collection information, and updating the first detection node identifier; and sending, to a next-hop network device of the first network device, the first data packet carrying the updated first detection information. This implements information telemetry on a data packet on a transmission path.

Abstract: This application provides a congestion control method, a network device, and a network interface controller. In the congestion control method performed by a first intermediate device, the first intermediate device receives a first data packet sent by a sending device, sends the first data packet to a receiving device along a first path, receives a first acknowledgment packet that is sent by the receiving device and that is used for acknowledging the first data packet, and determines a congestion degree of the first path based on a congestion mark in the first acknowledgment packet. The first intermediate device changes a window value and sends the changed first acknowledgment packet to the sending device. According to a solution provided in this application, a speed of transmitting a data packet is adjusted based on a congestion degree of a communication path and a quantity of bytes of the data packet.