Abstract: An audio decoder decodes a bit stream of encoded audio data, which bit stream represents a sequence of audio sample values and includes a plurality of frames, wherein each frame includes associated encoded audio sample values. The audio decoder includes a determiner configured to determine whether a frame of the encoded audio data is a special frame including encoded audio sample values associated with the special frame and additional information, wherein the additional information include encoded audio sample values of a number of frames preceding the special frame, wherein the encoded audio sample values of the preceding frames are encoded using the same codec configuration as the special frame, wherein the number of preceding frames is sufficient to initialize the decoder to be in a position to decode the audio sample values associated with the special frame if the special frame is the first frame upon start-up of the decoder.

Abstract: An audio decoder decodes a bit stream of encoded audio data, which bit stream represents a sequence of audio sample values and includes a plurality of frames, wherein each frame includes associated encoded audio sample values. The audio decoder includes a determiner configured to determine whether a frame of the encoded audio data is a special frame including encoded audio sample values associated with the special frame and additional information, wherein the additional information include encoded audio sample values of a number of frames preceding the special frame, wherein the encoded audio sample values of the preceding frames are encoded using the same codec configuration as the special frame, wherein the number of preceding frames is sufficient to initialize the decoder to be in a position to decode the audio sample values associated with the special frame if the special frame is the first frame upon start-up of the decoder.

Abstract: An apparatus for downmixing three or more audio input channels to obtain two or more audio output channels is provided. The apparatus includes a receiving interface for receiving the three or more audio input channels and for receiving side information. Moreover, the apparatus includes a downmixer for downmixing the three or more audio input channels depending on the side information to obtain the two or more audio output channels. The number of the audio output channels is smaller than the number of the audio input channels. The side information indicates a characteristic of at least one of the three or more audio input channels, or a characteristic of one or more sound waves recorded within the one or more audio input channels, or a characteristic of one or more sound sources which emitted one or more sound waves recorded within the one or more audio input channels.

Abstract: Audio video synchronization and alignment or alignment of audio to some other external clock are rendered more effective or easier by treating fragment grid and frame grid as independent values, but, nevertheless, for each fragment the frame grid is aligned to the respective fragment's beginning. A compression effectiveness lost may be kept low when appropriately selecting the fragment size. On the other hand, the alignment of the frame grid with respect to the fragments' beginnings allows for an easy and fragment-synchronized way of handling the fragments in connection with, for example, parallel audio video streaming, bitrate adaptive streaming or the like.

Abstract: A streaming client device receives a bitstream, which includes an encoded audio signal according to an encoded audio signal version selected among multiple selectable versions, each having at least one personalization option among multiple personalization options. The bitstream also includes side information with configuration information and capacity information. The streaming client device: defines a personalization, by choosing a preferred selectable version based on the capacity information and the configuration information; selects an encoded audio signal version based on a current state of the external resource and the personalization, so that the capacity required by the selected encoded audio signal version matches the current state of the external resource; and decodes the received encoded audio signal or transcodes it onto another bitstream.

Abstract: Audio data processor, having: a receiver interface for receiving encoded audio data and metadata related to the encoded audio data; a metadata parser for parsing the metadata to determine an audio data manipulation possibility; an interaction interface for receiving an interaction input and for generating, from the interaction input, interaction control data related to the audio data manipulation possibility; and a data stream generator for obtaining the interaction control data and the encoded audio data and the metadata and for generating an output data stream, the output data stream having the encoded audio data, at least a portion of the metadata, and the interaction control data.

Abstract: There are disclosed techniques for performing personalization in a social media environment. E.g., there are disclosed techniques for multi-device and multi-user personalized and interactive audio for example through social media metadata. In one example, there is defined a streaming client device, comprising: a communication interface, to receive, from a streaming server system and/or from another streaming client device, at least one media stream and personalization option metadata enabling personalization options for rendering the at least one media stream according to the personalization options; a metadata engine, to generate personalization settings addressing the personalization options, wherein the communication interface is configured to transmit, to the streaming server system and/or to at least one second streaming client device, and/or to store, personalization metadata describing personalization settings of the at least one media stream.

Abstract: An audio decoder decodes a bit stream of encoded audio data, which bit stream represents a sequence of audio sample values and includes a plurality of frames, wherein each frame includes associated encoded audio sample values. The audio decoder includes a determiner configured to determine whether a frame of the encoded audio data is a special frame including encoded audio sample values associated with the special frame and additional information, wherein the additional information include encoded audio sample values of a number of frames preceding the special frame, wherein the encoded audio sample values of the preceding frames are encoded using the same codec configuration as the special frame, wherein the number of preceding frames is sufficient to initialize the decoder to be in a position to decode the audio sample values associated with the special frame if the special frame is the first frame upon start-up of the decoder.

Abstract: An audio decoder decodes a bit stream of encoded audio data, which bit stream represents a sequence of audio sample values and includes a plurality of frames, wherein each frame includes associated encoded audio sample values. The audio decoder includes a determiner configured to determine whether a frame of the encoded audio data is a special frame including encoded audio sample values associated with the special frame and additional information, wherein the additional information include encoded audio sample values of a number of frames preceding the special frame, wherein the encoded audio sample values of the preceding frames are encoded using the same codec configuration as the special frame, wherein the number of preceding frames is sufficient to initialize the decoder to be in a position to decode the audio sample values associated with the special frame if the special frame is the first frame upon start-up of the decoder.

Abstract: An apparatus for downmixing three or more audio input channels to obtain two or more audio output channels is provided. The apparatus includes a receiving interface for receiving the three or more audio input channels and for receiving side information. Moreover, the apparatus includes a downmixer for downmixing the three or more audio input channels depending on the side information to obtain the two or more audio output channels. The number of the audio output channels is smaller than the number of the audio input channels. The side information indicates a characteristic of at least one of the three or more audio input channels, or a characteristic of one or more sound waves recorded within the one or more audio input channels, or a characteristic of one or more sound sources which emitted one or more sound waves recorded within the one or more audio input channels.

Abstract: An audio decoder decodes a bit stream of encoded audio data, which bit stream represents a sequence of audio sample values and includes a plurality of frames, wherein each frame includes associated encoded audio sample values. The audio decoder includes a determiner configured to determine whether a frame of the encoded audio data is a special frame including encoded audio sample values associated with the special frame and additional information, wherein the additional information include encoded audio sample values of a number of frames preceding the special frame, wherein the encoded audio sample values of the preceding frames are encoded using the same codec configuration as the special frame, wherein the number of preceding frames is sufficient to initialize the decoder to be in a position to decode the audio sample values associated with the special frame if the special frame is the first frame upon start-up of the decoder.

Abstract: Audio data processor, having: a receiver interface for receiving encoded audio data and metadata related to the encoded audio data; a metadata parser for parsing the metadata to determine an audio data manipulation possibility; an interaction interface for receiving an interaction input and for generating, from the interaction input, interaction control data related to the audio data manipulation possibility; and a data stream generator for obtaining the interaction control data and the encoded audio data and the metadata and for generating an output data stream, the output data stream having the encoded audio data, at least a portion of the metadata, and the interaction control data.

Abstract: An audio decoder decodes a bit stream of encoded audio data, which bit stream represents a sequence of audio sample values and includes a plurality of frames, wherein each frame includes associated encoded audio sample values. The audio decoder includes a determiner configured to determine whether a frame of the encoded audio data is a special frame including encoded audio sample values associated with the special frame and additional information, wherein the additional information include encoded audio sample values of a number of frames preceding the special frame, wherein the encoded audio sample values of the preceding frames are encoded using the same codec configuration as the special frame, wherein the number of preceding frames is sufficient to initialize the decoder to be in a position to decode the audio sample values associated with the special frame if the special frame is the first frame upon start-up of the decoder.

Abstract: An audio decoder decodes a bit stream of encoded audio data, which bit stream represents a sequence of audio sample values and includes a plurality of frames, wherein each frame includes associated encoded audio sample values. The audio decoder includes a determiner configured to determine whether a frame of the encoded audio data is a special frame including encoded audio sample values associated with the special frame and additional information, wherein the additional information include encoded audio sample values of a number of frames preceding the special frame, wherein the encoded audio sample values of the preceding frames are encoded using the same codec configuration as the special frame, wherein the number of preceding frames is sufficient to initialize the decoder to be in a position to decode the audio sample values associated with the special frame if the special frame is the first frame upon start-up of the decoder.

Abstract: An audio decoder decodes a bit stream of encoded audio data, which bit stream represents a sequence of audio sample values and includes a plurality of frames, wherein each frame includes associated encoded audio sample values. The audio decoder includes a determiner configured to determine whether a frame of the encoded audio data is a special frame including encoded audio sample values associated with the special frame and additional information, wherein the additional information include encoded audio sample values of a number of frames preceding the special frame, wherein the encoded audio sample values of the preceding frames are encoded using the same codec configuration as the special frame, wherein the number of preceding frames is sufficient to initialize the decoder to be in a position to decode the audio sample values associated with the special frame if the special frame is the first frame upon start-up of the decoder.

Abstract: An audio decoder decodes a bit stream of encoded audio data, which bit stream represents a sequence of audio sample values and includes a plurality of frames, wherein each frame includes associated encoded audio sample values. The audio decoder includes a determiner configured to determine whether a frame of the encoded audio data is a special frame including encoded audio sample values associated with the special frame and additional information, wherein the additional information include encoded audio sample values of a number of frames preceding the special frame, wherein the encoded audio sample values of the preceding frames are encoded using the same codec configuration as the special frame, wherein the number of preceding frames is sufficient to initialize the decoder to be in a position to decode the audio sample values associated with the special frame if the special frame is the first frame upon start-up of the decoder.

Abstract: A method and a system for virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, or 360-degree Video environment is disclosed. The system receives Video Streams associated to audio and video scenes to be reproduced and Audio Streams associated to audio and video scenes to be reproduced. There are provided a Video decoder which decodes signal from the Video Stream for the representation of the audio and video scene; an Audio decoder which decodes signal from the Audio Stream for the representation of the audio and video scene to the user; and a region of interest processor deciding, based e.g. on the user's viewport, head orientation, movement data, or metadata, whether an Audio information message is to be reproduced. At the decision, the reproduction of the Audio information message is caused.

Abstract: A method and a system for virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, or 360-degree Video environment is disclosed. The system receives Video Streams associated to audio and video scenes to be reproduced and Audio Streams associated to audio and video scenes to be reproduced. There are provided a Video decoder which decodes signal from the Video Stream for the representation of the audio and video scene; an Audio decoder which decodes signal from the Audio Stream for the representation of the audio and video scene to the user; and a region of interest processor deciding, based e.g. on the user's viewport, head orientation, movement data, or metadata, whether an Audio information message is to be reproduced. At the decision, the reproduction of the Audio information message is caused.

Abstract: A decoder for generating an audio output signal having one or more audio output channels is provided, having a receiving interface for receiving an audio input signal having a plurality of audio object signals, for receiving loudness information on the audio object signals, and for receiving rendering information indicating whether one or more of the audio object signals shall be amplified or attenuated, further having a signal processor for generating the one or more audio output channels of the audio output signal, configured to determine a loudness compensation value depending on the loudness information and depending on the rendering information, and configured to generate the one or more audio output channels of the audio output signal from the audio input signal depending on the rendering information and depending on the loudness compensation value. One or more by-pass audio object signals are employed for generating the audio output signal. Moreover, an encoder is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method (110) for producing an electrically conductive connection (112, 112?) on a substrate (114), comprising the following steps: a) providing a substrate (114), wherein the substrate (114) is configured for receiving an electrically conductive connection (112, 112?); b) providing a reservoir of an electrically conductive liquid alloy, wherein the reservoir has a surface at which the alloy has an insulating layer; c) providing a capillary (120) configured for taking up the electrically conductive liquid alloy; d) penetrating of a tip (122) of the capillary (120) under the surface of the reservoir and taking up of a portion of the alloy from the reservoir; and e) applying the portion of the alloy at least partly to the substrate (114) in such a manner that an electrically conductive connection (112, 112?) is formed from the alloy on the substrate (114), wherein the alloy remains on the substrate (114) by adhesion.