Abstract: A circuit arrangement and a method are provided to avoid an uncontrolled discharge of the battery of a motor vehicle in the event of a defective initialization of an electronic control unit in the motor vehicle. The initialization process is monitored, and the result thereof controls a supply voltage which is fed via a voltage-monitoring line to a monitoring device of a bus-transceiver only when a successful initialization is detected, or the feeding or the generation of the supply voltage is interrupted when successful initialization is not detected. If the monitoring device does not detect the required supply voltage, e.g. at an appropriate time, then it cuts off power to the supply voltage unit that generates the supply voltage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for a control unit in a motor vehicle for converting an activation signal transmitted from a bus system to the control unit, comprising monitoring the initialisation of the control unit, and to a method for operating said control unit, in particular for avoiding a defective initialisation of the relevant control unit and discharge of the battery of the motor vehicle. At least one of the supply voltages generated by the supply voltage unit is fed via a voltage-monitoring line to the monitoring device of the bus-transceiver only when a successful initialisation of the control unit is detected, or the feed of said supply voltage to the monitoring device or generation of said supply voltage is interrupted, when successful initialisation of the control unit is not detected.

Abstract: The invention teaches a method for improving the ability to determine a polyvalent substance via use of an immunoaggregate during the assay. The immunoaggregate eliminates substances which can lead to incorrect results otherwise.

Abstract: This invention teaches a process for preparing a conjugate useful in enzyme immunoassays, and the conjugate produced by the process. The process involves oxidizing an enzyme containing a carbohydrate portion, such as peroxidase, with periodic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof in an aqueous medium followed by reduction with sodium borohydride. The oxidation and reduction step may be carried out either before or after the enzyme is coupled to the immunologically effective component of the conjugate.