Abstract: The invention relates to the use of an aqueous dispersion containing at least one polyurethane-polyurea polymer formed from (a) at least one difunctional polyester polyol having a number-average molecular weight of 400 to 5000 g/mol, (b) at least one difunctional polyol component having a number-average molecular weight of 762 to 399 g/mol, c) at least one diisocyanate and (d) at least one chain extender optionally having at least one ionic group, for the bonding of at least two substrates by application of the aqueous dispersion to at least one of the substrates to be bonded, subsequent drying of the dispersion present on the at least one substrate in order to obtain at least one adhesive layer, and contacting of the at least one adhesive layer with a further substrate or with an adhesive layer present on a further substrate at a pressure of from 0.1 to 5 bar(a) and a temperature of less than 40° C.

Abstract: A method for producing a honeycomb structure having at least one at least partially structured metal foil, such that, in subregions of the honeycomb structure, a portion of the at least one metal foil is arranged spaced apart from an adjacently arranged portion of the at least one metal foil so as to be electrically insulated by an air gap therebetween, includes: providing the at least one metal foil; providing a forming plate having a bearing surface and having at least one first web structure extending from the bearing surface in an axial direction, the first web structure extending in a plane parallel to the bearing surface and defining the air gap to be produced in the honeycomb structure; and arranging the at least one metal foil on the bearing surface in the first web structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to dispersion adhesives based on aqueous polyurethane or polyurethane-urea dispersions, which meet the requirements for industrial shoe manufacturing, in particular with simultaneous drying and activation at low temperatures, and also to the use of the dispersion adhesives for the production of adhesive composites.

Abstract: A method for determining a tank pressure in a tank before the tank is filled with pressurised, gaseous hydrogen, according to which method an accumulator, in which the hydrogen to be used to fill the tank is stored as liquid hydrogen, is connected to the tank by means of a filling line and a subsequent check valve of the tank wherein hydrogen is pumped from the accumulator into the filling line by means of a pump and the filling-line pressure arising in the filling line during the pumping is measured, wherein the check valve is opened if the filling-line pressure exceeds the tank pressure, and wherein the tank pressure is determined as the filling-line pressure that exists when the check valve is opened.

Abstract: A method of etching a semiconductor structure, comprises contacting an under bump metallization (UBM) with an etching composition. The UBM includes an underlying layer comprising titanium and an overlying layer comprising a second metal. The etching composition is a liquid comprising at least 0.1 wt % hydrofluoric acid and at least 0.1 wt % phosphoric acid.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for treating a surface of an article, an improved rinse liquid prevents build-up of static charge while avoiding damages to certain types of exposed metal-containing surfaces. In one embodiment, a semiconductor wafer having structures including at least one of cobalt, nickel and platinum is rotated on a spin chuck, as a rinse liquid is dispensed onto a surface of the wafer. The rinse liquid is a dilute aqueous solution of a base of the formula in which R1, R2 and R3 are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-4 alkyl. The base has a boiling point less than 100° C., and the rinse liquid has a pH in the range of 8 to 10.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for treating a surface of an article, an improved rinse liquid prevents build-up of static charge while avoiding damages to certain types of exposed metal surfaces. In one embodiment, a semiconductor wafer having structures including at least one of cobalt, nickel and platinum is rotated on a spin chuck, as a rinse liquid is dispensed onto a surface of the wafer. The rinse liquid is a dilute aqueous solution of a base of the formula in which R1, R2 and R3 are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-4 alkyl. The base has a boiling point less than 100° C., and the rinse liquid has a pH in the range of 8 to 10.

Abstract: A diaphragm carburettor is connected via a suction port with the clean air side of an air filter. A regulating chamber with a fuel chamber is connected with the suction port, in which the fuel chamber is acted upon with underpressure from the suction port and is separated from a compensation chamber by a regulating diaphragm formed to control the fuel supply to the fuel chamber. The compensation chamber is connected via a compensation path with the clean air side of the air filter and/or with the suction port so that pressure vibrations are reduced in the compensation chamber. A control and/or regulating element associated with the compensation path alters the length and/or the diameter of the compensation path.

Abstract: An air control valve for internal combustion engines having a turbocharger, is placed inside a bypass channel between a pressure side and an intake side of a boost pressure pump of the turbocharger, and has a housing which incorporates an electromagnetic drive unit and a valve unit movable in the housing. The valve unit has a valve rod and a valve closing body attached thereto and a circular sealing element. An arrangement is provided to keep the moving valve unit in a closed position when no current is supplied to the valve unit. At least one pressure compensation opening is provided in the moving valve unit, and the valve closing body has a cylindrical lateral surface which is arranged in such a manner that a housing interior is sealed towards the pressure side or the intake side.

Abstract: A gas dispenser in a process module for wet processing of wafer-shaped articles is substantially smaller than the article to be processed and is movable laterally of the article as it dispenses inert gas above the article.

Abstract: A method for removing liquid from a surface of a disc includes, rotating the disc article about an axis perpendicular to the disc's main surface, supplying liquid from a supply port, moved across the substrate towards the edge of the disc, onto the rotated disc, supplying a first gas flow through a first gas supply port onto the disc article to an area whose centre has a distance to the centre of rotational movement of not more than 20 mm, the area being covered with a liquid layer thereby opening the liquid layer at a discrete area, and supplying a second gas flow through a second gas supply port moved across the substrate towards the edge of the substrate onto the rotated disc wherein the distance of the second gas supply port to the centre is lower than the distance of the liquid supply port to the centre.

Abstract: The invention describes a bypass valve (1) that can be used as a divert air valve. Bypass valves (1) that work in the closed or opened position in a force-balanced or pressure-balanced manner are known. During the opening of the bypass valve (1), a lower pressure is produced in a gap (25) between a valve closing body (3) and a valve seat (20), which pressure destroys the force balance and thus loads a movable valve unit (2) in the closing direction. In order to prevent this, according to the invention pressure equalization openings (24) are embodied or arranged with respect to the gap (25) in such a way that a reduced pressure is introduced into the chambers (7, 8) in the interior of the valve, so that the closing-operative force is distinctly reduced. By these means, the opening times of such a bypass valve can be distinctly reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to an air control valve for internal combustion engines comprising a turbocharger, the air control valve being placed inside a bypass channel between a pressure side and an intake side of a boost pressure pump of the turbocharger, a housing which comprises an electromagnetic drive unit and a valve unit movable in said housing, said valve unit essentially comprising a valve rod and a valve closing body attached thereto and having a circular sealing element, wherein means are provided that keep the moving valve unit in a closed position when no current is supplied to said valve unit, wherein at least one pressure compensation opening is provided at the moving valve unit, wherein the valve closing body has a cylindrical lateral surface which cooperates with means in such a manner that a housing interior is sealed towards the pressure side or the intake side.

Abstract: A method for filling a storage tank with gaseous, pressurized hydrogen where a) liquid hydrogen, which is extracted from a storage tank, is compressed to an average pressure and is stored intermediately in a buffer tank; b) the boil-off gas accumulating in the storage tank is compressed and is stored intermediately in the buffer tank; c) a pressure compensation between the storage tank, which is to be filled, and the buffer tank is carried out initially for filling the storage tank and d) hydrogen from the buffer tank is compressed subsequently to the desired storage pressure and is supplied to the storage tank wherein this compression of the hydrogen and the compression of the boil-off gas are realized by means of one compressor or by means of two compressors.

Abstract: A diaphragm carburettor is connected via a suction port with the clean air side of an air filter. A regulating chamber with a fuel chamber is connected with the suction port, in which the fuel chamber is acted upon with underpressure from the suction port and is separated from a compensation chamber by a regulating diaphragm formed to control the fuel supply to the fuel chamber. The compensation chamber is connected via a compensation path with the clean air side of the air filter and/or with the suction port so that pressure vibrations are reduced in the compensation chamber. A control and/or regulating element associated with the compensation path alters the length and/or the diameter of the compensation path.

Abstract: A local network comprises at least one master and a plurality of slaves which can be controlled by the master via a data bus, with at least one slave being arranged in an unprotected region and at least one slave being arranged in n protected region. In this connection, data originating from a respective slave in the unprotected region can admittedly be transmitted via the data bus to the master, but not to any slave in the unprotected region.

Abstract: The invention describes a bypass valve (1) that can be used as a divert air valve. Bypass valves (1) that work in the closed or opened position in a force-balanced or pressure-balanced manner are known. During the opening of the bypass valve (1), a lower pressure is produced in a gap (25) between a valve closing body (3) and a valve seat (20), which pressure destroys the force balance and thus loads a movable valve unit (2) in the closing direction. In order to prevent this, according to the invention pressure equalization openings (24) are embodied or arranged with respect to the gap (25) in such a way that a reduced pressure is introduced into the chambers (7, 8) in the interior of the valve, so that the closing-operative force is distinctly reduced. By these means, the opening times of such a bypass valve can be distinctly reduced.

Abstract: A local network comprises at least one master and a plurality of slaves which can be controlled by the master via a data bus, with at least one slave being arranged in an unprotected region and at least one slave being arranged in n protected region. In this connection, data originating from a respective slave in the unprotected region can admittedly be transmitted via the data bus to the master, but not to any slave in the unprotected region.

Abstract: A switch array (10) comprising a housing (12) having a front face (14), a rear face (16), and a number of through bores (18) extending from the front face to the rear face; a resilient switch card (30) having a front face (34) directed towards the rear face of the housing, a rear face (36) directed away from the housing, and a number of contact areas (38) on the front face associated with each through bore, wherein the number and position of the contact areas associated with each through bore is identical; a switch cap (20) slidably mounted in, and removable from, one of the through bores, the switch cap having a front face (22) adjacent the front face of the housing, a rear face (24) adjacent the rear face of the housing, and one or more pins (28) projecting from the rear face of the switch cap, wherein the number and position of the or each pin is predetermined, and wherein the or each pin can exert pressure on one of the contact areas associated with the through bore on pushing the switch cap from a rest p

Abstract: An electromagnetic reversing valve in which a slidable armature is supported with clearance in a housing and carries a plastic seal unit for selectively closing first and second channels in the housing upon sliding movement of the armature, the sealing unit provides a separate fluid passage establishing communication between a third channel in the housing and one of the first and second channels when it is unsealed. Since the clearance space around the slidable armature is separate and independent from the fluid passage in the seal unit, it can be made substantially narrower in dimension than the fluid passage, thereby to minimize the iron-free gap between the slidable armature and the surrounding member of the magnetic circuit. The iron-free gap is formed in part by the clearance space and in part by a portion of the housing in which the magnetic circuit member is embedded.