Abstract: A circuit arrangement for limiting excessive voltages by a forward delay time of a first diode is described. The first diode is alternately switched in a non-conducting direction and a conducting direction by switching a circuit element. The first diode is series-connected to a first capacitor and a pre-charging circuit is provided for the first capacitor, the pre-charging circuit charging the first capacitor while the first diode is switched in the non-conducting direction. The pre-charging circuit charges the first capacitor more strongly than an excessive voltage of the first diode with regard to the amount.

Abstract: A switching power supply having at least one switch (S) controlled by a control circuit (AST), by means of which an input direct voltage (UV) is switched, whereby a thermal model (THM) is implemented in a control (STE), by means of which the temperature of at least one component (S; D3, D4, UET) can be calculated or estimated, and at least one current value that is load-dependent is made available as an electrical quantity to the thermal model, the control (STE) is directed at outputting at least one limiting signal (abs, ala) when a limiting value or a function of multiple limiting values depending on calculated or estimated temperature values is reached, which is usable in the sense of an action to reduce temperature, and which produces at least one limiting signal (abs) to the control circuit in the sense of a temperature reduction and thus a power reduction.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for limiting excessive voltages by a forward delay time of a first diode is described. The first diode is alternately switched in a non-conducting direction and a conducting direction by switching a circuit element. The first diode is series-connected to a first capacitor and a pre-charging circuit is provided for the first capacitor, the pre-charging circuit charging the first capacitor while the first diode is switched in the non-conducting direction. The pre-charging circuit charges the first capacitor more strongly than an excessive voltage of the first diode with regard to the amount.

Abstract: Switching converter to convert an input direct current (UE) into at least one output direct current (UA), wherein an internal auxiliary voltage (UH1, UH2) is derived from at least one auxiliary winding (WH1, WH2) of a transformer (Tr), a controllable load element (BAL) is provided for the output voltage, and a stop signal (ss) can be fed to turn the output voltage of the switching converter ON/OFF, which is used to connect the load element (BAL) to the output direct current to such an extent that a short-circuit-like condition is produced, in which the output voltage (Ua) is adequately close to null, but the at least one auxiliary voltage (UH1, UH2) is adequately high to supply the units associated therewith.

Abstract: The invention relates to a former and a coil for printed circuit board assembly, consisting of a prismatic or cylindrical coil form for at least one coil and a foot part, which is configured as one piece with the coil form, at least sections of said part protruding externally above the coil form. According to the invention, connecting wires for the coil or coils are formed from the coil wire and their ends are configured as solder terminals, which are housed and held in wire guides of the foot part.

Abstract: A switching power supply having at least one switch (S) controlled by a control circuit (AST), by means of which an input direct voltage (UV) is switched, whereby a thermal model (THM) is implemented in a control (STE), by means of which the temperature of at least one component (S; D3, D4, UET) can be calculated or estimated, and at least one current value that is load-dependent is made available as an electrical quantity to the thermal model, the control (STE) is directed at outputting at least one limiting signal (abs, ala) when a limiting value or a function of multiple limiting values depending on calculated or estimated temperature values is reached, which is usable in the sense of an action to reduce temperature, and which produces at least one limiting signal (abs) to the control circuit in the sense of a temperature reduction and thus a power reduction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a former and a coil for printed circuit board assembly, consisting of a prismatic or cylindrical coil form for at least one coil and a foot part, which is configured as one piece with the coil form, at least sections of said part protruding externally above the coil form. According to the invention, connecting wires for the coil or coils are formed from the coil wire and their ends are configured as solder terminals, which are housed and held in wire guides of the foot part.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drive system with at least one main motor (HMO) and at least one actuator motor (SM1, SM2). Said drive system comprises a.d.c. intermediate circuit (ZWK), in which the main motor, during deceleration in the generator mode, feeds the intermediate circuit, a control unit (STE) for monitoring and controlling the operation and for initiating and carrying out an emergency operation in case of a power failure, and a control power supply (SBN). An emergency power supply (NNT) for generating an emergency supply voltage (UB) is connected to the intermediate circuit (ZWK). The level of said emergency supply voltage is lower than that of the rated operational voltage (UB) of the control unit (STE). The outputs of the control power supply (SBN) and of the emergency power supply are applied together to the supply voltage input of the control unit. An output voltage control of the emergency power supply is adjusted to the emergency supply voltage (UB?).

Abstract: The invention relates to a buffer circuit for a load (LAS) to be supplied by the supply DC voltage (Uv), comprising a buffer capacitor (Cp), which may be charged to a voltage (UH) by means of a charging circuit (HSS). Said voltage is higher than the supply voltage and may be brought in for supply of the load by means of a step-down controller (TSS). An input of a step-down controller (TSS) is connected to the buffer capacitor (Cp) and the output thereof to the load (LAS), whereby a trigger circuit (TRI) is provided to activate the step-down controller on drop-out of the voltage (Uv) at the load.

Abstract: A switching converter comprising a transformer for converting an input direct current (UE) into an output direct current (UA) in which at least two primary windings (L1 . . . L4; W1, W2) of a transformer (Tr) are provided; and each primary winding is connected to an input capacitor (C1 . . . C4; C11+C12; C21+C22) by means of at least one controlled switch (T1 . . . T4; T11 . . . T22) whereby the input capacitors together with the series connections of the primary windings with the controlled switches that are connected in series are connected to the input direct current (U1) and a control circuit (AST) is configured to simultaneously open or close all the controlled switches.

Abstract: The invention relates to a buffer circuit for a load (LAS) to be supplied by the supply DC voltage (Uv), comprising a buffer capacitor (Cp), which may be charged to a voltage (UH) by means of a charging circuit (HSS). Said voltage is higher than the supply voltage and may be brought in for supply of the load by means of a step-down controller (TSS). An input of a step-down controller (TSS) is connected to the buffer capacitor (Cp) and the output thereof to the load (LAS), whereby a trigger circuit (TRI) is provided to activate the step-down controller on drop-out of the voltage (Uv) at the load.

Abstract: Switching converter to convert an input direct current (UE) into at least one output direct current (UA), wherein an internal auxiliary voltage (UH1, UH2) is derived from at least one auxiliary winding (WH1, WH2) of a transformer (Tr), a controllable load element (BAL) is provided for the output voltage, and a stop signal (ss) can be fed to turn the output voltage of the switching converter ON/OFF, which is used to connect the load element (BAL) to the output direct current to such an extent that a short-circuit-like condition is produced, in which the output voltage (Ua) is adequately close to null, but the at least one auxiliary voltage (UH1, UH2) is adequately high to supply the units associated therewith.

Abstract: Electronic device with a housing 1, a rear wall 7 and, accommodated in the housing, at least one printed circuit board 10 which stands essentially perpendicular to the rear wall, wherein the rear wall 7 is a part independent of the housing 1, which closes off the interior of the housing to the rear, and the printed circuit board 10 is connected in a bearing manner to the rear wall by holding means 13, 15 protruding from this and engaging with the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A flyback converter including a transformer (T.sub.r), having a primary winding (W.sub.P) and having a secondary winding (W.sub.S), wherein the primary winding is connected in series with a controlled switch (T) and an actuation circuit (A) to an input direct voltage (U.sub.P), and the secondary winding is connected in series with a rectifier (D.sub.S) and, downstream of the secondary winding, a charging capacitor (C.sub.S); the actuation circuit (A) supplies start pulses of a fixed frequency for the switch, has a current sensor (R.sub.P) for the current through the primary winding. Coupled with the secondary winding is a first rectifying amplifier (K.sub.U) for comparing the output voltage (U.sub.S) with an adjustable voltage reference value (U.sub.RefU) and a second rectifying amplifier (K.sub.I) for comparing the output current (I.sub.S) with a adjustable current reference value (U.sub.

Abstract: Switched mode mains power supply unit having a transformer (Tr), which comprises a primary winding (L.sub.P) and at least one secondary winding (L.sub.S) as well as an auxiliary winding (L.sub.H), having a switch (S) controlled by a control circuit (A), by means of which switch the primary winding is connected to an input direct voltage (U.sub.E), having, connected downstream of the secondary winding, a rectifier (D1) together with a filtering means (C1) for producing an output direct voltage (U.sub.A) and having a regulator means (K1) for producing a first control variable (St1) for the control circuit (A) in dependence upon the deviation of the output voltage from a first set value (U.sub.Ref1), wherein the pulse duty ratio and/or the frequency of the control signal of the controlled switch depends upon the control variable, and also having an auxiliary rectifier (D2; Glr) connected downstream of the auxiliary winding (L.sub.H) in order to produce an auxiliary direct voltage (U.sub.

Abstract: A flyback converter has a transformer with a primary winding and at least one secondary winding, with a switch driven by a driving circuit, through which an input direct voltage is applied to the primary winding, with a rectifier and a load capacitor for producing an output direct voltage connected downstream from the secondary winding and a current sensor for the current flowing through the primary winding, the duty factor of the driving signal of the driven switch being dependent, on the one hand, on the deviation of the output direct voltage from its set value and, on the other hand, on the output signal of the current sensor. A maximum value is established for the set value of the primary current, up to which point regulation of the output direct voltage takes place, and where the clock frequency of the driving signal of the driven switch can be varied in direct proportion to the output direct voltage.