Abstract: A voltage spike generated by the collapse of the magnetic field in a fuel injector coil is stored in a capacitor and sent to an engine control unit at a correct time regardless of when the magnetic field in the injector coil actually collapses.

Abstract: An electronic identification system for livestock, particularly adapted to tagging ruminating animals, such as cattle and sheep, comprising a transmitter capsule which is implantable in the animal and precoded to broadcast a series of binary coded electric pulses peculiar to the animal. An associated interrogator-receiver device may be provided for inducing power into the capsule and for detecting the coded transmissions from the capsule to identify the animal. The receiver output may be utilized for a visual display or suitably interfaced with a computer while in the case of ruminants the capsule may be designed by adjusting its specific gravity to reside permanently in the animal's second stomach or reticulum and be reusable after slaughter.