Abstract: A substrate comprises a first mark and a second mark. The first mark comprises a first pattern with at least one mark feature formed by a first material and at least one region formed by a second material. The first and second materials have different material characteristics with respect to a substrate treatment process such that a step height in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the substrate may be created by applying the substrate treatment process. The second mark can be provided with a second step height by applying the substrate treatment process. The second step height is substantially different from the first step height.

Abstract: A substrate comprises a first mark and a second mark. The first mark comprises a first pattern with at least one mark feature formed by a first material and at least one region formed by a second material. The first and second materials have different material characteristics with respect to a substrate treatment process such that a step height in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the substrate may be created by applying the substrate treatment process. The second mark can be provided with a second step height by applying the substrate treatment process. The second step height is substantially different from the first step height.

Abstract: A substrate comprises a first mark and a second mark. The first mark comprises a first pattern with at least one mark feature formed by a first material and at least one further region formed by a second material. The first and second materials have different material characteristics with respect to a chemical-mechanical polishing process such that a step height in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the substrate may be created by applying the chemical-mechanical polishing process. The second mark can be provided with a second step height by applying the chemical-mechanical polishing process. The second step height is substantially different from the first step height.

Abstract: A method and system are disclosed for extending the directory number of a terminal. The invention allows service providers to provide a service which uses an existing subscriber directory number and effectively extends it to include one or more other directory numbers. To the subscriber, the terminals associated with the other directory numbers effectively look like virtual extensions. The method and system provide this flexibility without requiring any additional personal numbers being assigned to the subscriber. The subscriber can choose to have all incoming calls to a directory number (DN) of one of their existing terminals alert or ring one or more other terminals having a different DN. The terminals may for example be on the same network (e.g. all on the wireline network) or they may be on different networks (e.g. one on the wireline network and one on the wireless network).

Abstract: A long distance service bureau assists subscribers in selecting a long distance carrier for a long distance, or tariff, call. The long distance service bureau includes a rate table memory and a service logic element. The rate table memory stores rate data, representing tolls charged by various long distance carriers, and subscriber preference data, representing a subscriber's preferences for certain ones of the various long distance carriers. The service logic element controls the rate table memory. The service logic element periodically communicates with the various long distance carriers to retrieve rate data changes, stores the rate data changes in the rate table memory, and downloads only the rate data changes to local equipment of the subscriber during idle periods of the subscriber's local equipment.