Abstract: An engine cranking adapter having a plurality of different pinions for selective use with any one of a plurality of different engine cranking ring gears. The adapter is mounted to a wall portion of the engine structure adjacent the periphery of the ring gear and may substitute in such mounting for the normal starter motor. The adapter is provided with structure for facilitating manual controlled rotation of the ring gear as in servicing the associated engine. The adapter may be removably mounted to a bracket which, in turn, may be removably mounted to an engine wall portion adjacent the periphery of the ring gear.

Abstract: A diagnostic instrument detects and locates malfunctions in a pneumatic circuit of the kind which controls a transmission in response to movement of an operator's shift lever. One or more connectors enable simultaneous coupling of a plurality of pneumatic signal lines with various key flow paths of the transmission control circuit. The signal lines extend through a cable to an instrument housing containing a pressure indicator and having a plurality of test valves for sequentially connecting individual ones of the signal lines to the indicator whereby the presence or absence of pressure at various key points in the control circuit may be quickly determined.