Abstract: An apparatus, methods, and a system for a photonic biosensor are disclosed. The photonic biosensor includes a substrate having a sample addition zone in fluid communication with a wicking zone and a sample detection zone. The substrate also includes an optical input port configured to optically couple to a light source and an optical output port configured to optically couple to a light detector. The photonic biosensor also includes a photonic integrated circuit (“PIC”) connected to the substrate. The PIC includes a first grating coupler aligned with the optical input port, a second grating coupler aligned with the optical output port, at least one waveguide between the first grating coupler and the second grating coupler, and at least one detection element disposed within the at least one waveguide.

Abstract: A thick-film electric heater having thick-film layers applied directly on a thermally conductive non-flat substrate. Preferably, the substrate is cylindrically shaped. A dielectric layer is silk-screened on the substrate surface. A resistive layer is silk-screened on the dielectric layer to form a circuit for the generation of heat. The resistive layer has at least one resistive trace in a pattern that is discontinuous circumferentially. At least a pair of silk-screened contact pads are applied in electrical communication with the resistive layer for electrical connection to a power source. An insulation layer is applied over the resistive layer.

Abstract: A tube heating assembly having a heating tube with proximate and distal end portions, a manifold insert disposed concentrically within the heating tube and likewise having proximate and distal end portions, and a pair of end caps removably secured to the proximate and distal end portions of the manifold insert and the heating tube respectively. The manifold insert includes a raised spiral thread on its surface. An electrical assembly such as a resistive path applied to the outer surface of the heating tube is used to heat the tube. The tube heating assembly may be embodied in a system and method for delivering an automotive fluid in a vehicle, wherein the tube heating assembly is installed as a heat exchanger in a fluid delivery path through which the fluid is pumped, preferably in pulses to enhance heating of the fluid.