Abstract: Microcapsules can be prepared in an energy-saving manner by using a polyisocyanate which consists exclusively or partially of reaction products of isocyanates having a functionality of 2 or more with polyethylene oxide alcohols.

Abstract: Oligourethanes containing both anionic and cationic groups may be used as forming agents for superior non-aqueous pigment preparations.

Abstract: Leather treatment agent containing a mixture a) of a carboxylic acidX--COOH Iwherein X represents--[R--CO--Z--(R'--Z).sub.a ].sub.b --CO--R--COOH 1or--R"--(Z--R').sub.c --Z--CO--R--COOH 2and the symbols have the meaning described in more detail in the description, and b) of a compound containing at least one primary, secondary or tertiary amino group, with a molecular weight of 200-20,000, are used in processes for tanning, pretanning, retanning, dyeing or fat liquoring pelts or pretanned leather or fully tanned leather.

Abstract: To improve the affinity of anionic dyestuffs in the dyeing of leather materials, polycondensation products consisting of at least one amine of the formula ##STR1## in which the radicals have the meanings mentioned in the description with one dicarboxylic acid and, if desired, .omega.-aminocarboxylic acid or its lactam are highly suitable.

Abstract: In the finishing of leather by spray application in an electrostatic field it is possible to use highly concentrated solutions if these solutions are sprayed into a solvent atmosphere in the presence of inert gases. The finishing process utilizes a solvent atmosphere which has a solvent content of 15-90% of the saturation concentration and a residual oxygen content of less than 10% by volume. The finishes contained are immediately stackable. By working with concentrated solutions it is possible to recycle the solvent from the waste air in an economically acceptable manner.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to polyurethane ureas which may be obtained by the reaction of a hydrophilic NCO prepolymer, which has been prepared from a polyhydroxy component based on about 9 to 100% by weight of a polyether containing about 30 to 100% by weight of ethylene oxide, or a mixture of this hydrophilic NCO prepolymer and a hydrophobic NCO prepolymer, the mixture containing .gtoreq.30% by weight of the hydrophilic prepolymer, with an aldimine or ketimine-containing hardener mixture in the presence of water and organic solvents, approximately 30 to 70% of the NCO groups of the prepolymers being reacted with the amino groups of the hardener and the remainder reacting with water.The present invention is also directed to a process for the preparation of these polyurethane ureas and to coated substrates prepared from these polyurethane ureas.

Abstract: Leather treatment agents contain a mixture of(a) 2-98% by weight of an adduct with a molecular weight of 500-50,000 of an alkylene oxide onto an aliphatic or aromatic compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups and(b) 98-2% by weight of a reaction product, containing carboxyl groups or salts thereof, with a molecular weight of 170-20,000 of an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic compound containing at least two carboxyl groups or anhydrides thereof and an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compound containing at least two hydroxyl and/or primary or secondary amino groups and, if appropiate, ether or tertiary amino groups.

Abstract: Aqueous fatliquoring solutions, dispersions or emulsions are made with (a) polyethers having at least two hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight of from 200 to 20,000 and/or (b) polyester containing at least two hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight of from 200 to 20,000 and/or (c) polycarbonates containing at least two hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight of from 200 to 20,000 and/or mixtures thereof. These fatliquoring agents are used to treat tanned leathers until from 0.1 to 20 wt % has been taken up. The thus-treated leather is particularly useful in the production of leather-polyurethane compositions such as shoes without the use of an adhesive.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of light-stable, solvent-resistant polyurethane urea elastomer coatings by the reactive coating process wherein NCO prepolymers are reacted with 4,4'-diamino-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -tetraalkyldicyclohexylalkanes containing up to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group with continuous mixing and continuous discharge of the reaction mixture.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein is concerned with a process for mixing a plurality of viscous rapidly reacting, fluid materials and an apparatus with which to perform this process. In this process the fluid materials are initially introduced into a mixing chamber and mixed with a gas, preferably in such a way that an angular momentum is imparted to the mixture. The mixture is then fed into a static mixer which has a short residence time spectrum. The apparatus comprises a cylindrical mixing chamber with a gas inlet and at least one nongaseous fluid material inlet arranged to direct flow tangentially to the interior surface of the mixing chamber. Other inlets may be provided downstream of these initial inlets but before a static mixing apparatus with which said mixing chamber communicates. An outlet is provided downstream of said static mixing apparatus which preferably has intersecting baffle plates, a low pressure loss and a short residence time spectrum.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein is concerned with a process for mixing a plurality of viscous rapidly reacting, fluid materials and an apparatus with which to perform this process. In this process the fluid materials are initially introduced into a mixing chamber and mixed with a gas, preferably in such a way that an angular momentum is imparted to the mixture. The mixture is then fed into a static mixer which has a short residence time spectrum. The apparatus comprises a cylindrical mixing chamber with a gas inlet and at least one nongaseous fluid material inlet arranged to direct flow tangentially to the interior surface of the mixing chamber. Other inlets may be provided downstream of these initial inlets but before a static mixer with which said mixing chamber communicates. An outlet is provided downstream of said static mixer which preferably has intersecting baffle plates, a low pressure loss and a short residence time spectrum.

Abstract: A radiation-hardenable binder consisting of a reaction product of:(A) 1 gramme equivalent of NCO of a polyisocyanate containing 2 to 3 isocyanate groups per molecule,(B) 0 to 0.7 gramme equivalents of OH of a polyol containing at least 2 OH-groups per molecule, free from organically combined sulphur,(C) 0.01 to 0.7 gramme equivalents of OH of a hydroxyalkyl acrylate containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl group characterized in that the reaction product additionally has incorporated therein:(D) 0.01 to 0.3 gramme equivalents of OH of a polyol containing thio or dithio groups or thio and dithio groups, with at least 2 OH-groups per molecule,the sum of the OH gramme equivalents B to D is from 1 to 1.2, and the content of organically combined sulphur, derived from the thio and dithio groups, is from 0.01 to 10% by weight, based on the binder.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a process for producing microporous coatings comprising (1) mixing an NCO-prepolymer prepared from polyisocyanates with compounds containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms with about 3 to 40% by weight, based on the NCO-prepolymer, of a substantially inert, non-migrating liquid organic compound miscible with said NCO-prepolymer as a plasticizer; (2) adding about 3 to 300 weight % of water, based on the NCO-prepolymer, into the NCO-prepolymer-plasticizer mixture to form a water-in-oil emulsion; (3) adding a polyamine in a quantity substantially equivalent to the isocyanate groups; (4) applying a coating of the water-in-oil emulsion to a substrate; and (5) hardening the coating by evaporating the chemically unbound water from said coating.

Abstract: This invention relates to water-soluble, cationic hydrophilic oligourethanes free from isocyanate groups and containing methylol groups and to the use thereof for the tanning, pre-tanning or re-tanning of pelts or pre-tanned leather and as dyeing auxiliaries.

Abstract: In the tanning or re-tanning of a hide with a tanning composition comprising a tanning-active substance and at least one of a Cr(III) salt, a dicarboxylic acid, a dicarboxylic acid salt, an emulsifier and an acid-binding agent, the improvement which comprises employing as said tanning-active substance a carboxylic acid carrying at least one of an ester, urethane or amide group. Advantageously the agent has at least two carboxyl groups per molecule and a molecular weight of about 170 to 30,000, preferably 310 to 10,000. The products are softer and better through-tanned and there is maximum utilization of chromium, thereby minimizing the waste disposal problem.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a method of tanning or retanning leather or pelts by treating them with an aqueous liquor containing hydrophilic oligourethanes. The oligourethanes have a molecular weight of from 300 to 20,000 and they may be methylolated. The oligourethanes may be water soluble owing to their hydrophilic segments. The liquor may also contain up to an equal amount of formaldehyde or compounds which split off formaldehyde.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a method of tanning or retanning leather or pelts by treating them with an aqueous liquor containing water-soluble oligourethanes having ionic groups. The oligourethanes have a molecular weight of from 300 to 20,000 and they may be methylolated. The oligourethanes may be water-soluble owing to their ionic groups or they may contain hydrophilic segments to aid in their solubility in the aqueous liquor. The liquor may also contain up to an equal amount of formaldehyde or compounds which split off formaldehyde.