Abstract: Earth formation evaluation for detection of hydrocarbon fluids is carried out by a microwave frequency range sensor (antenna or wave guide) disposed in the face of a diamond or PDC drill bit configured to minimize invasion of drilling fluid into the formation ahead of the bit. The sensor is connected to an instrument disposed in a sub interposed in the drill stem for generating and measuring the alteration of microwave energy. In particular, the dielectric constant of the earth formation in a zone which is substantially uninvaded by drilling fluid may be detected and compared with density and/or porosity logs to determine the presence of hydrocarbons in relatively thin layers of formation material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for desanding oil produced from a subterranean oil-bearing formation through a wellbore, the method comprising: flowing oil from the oil-bearing formation upwardly through a first tubing at a velocity sufficient to carry sand entrained in the oil upwardly through the first tubing; flowing the oil from the first tubing upwardly through a larger tubular section at a velocity sufficient to carry sand entrained in the oil upwardly to a perforated section positioned in a second tubing in the larger tubular section, the perforated section being positioned near the upper end of the larger tubular section; passing the oil through the perforated section and through a circumferential path around a dip tube positioned beneath the perforated section to centrifugally separate sand from the oil so that the sand is passed outwardly toward an inner diameter of the second tubing and downwardly to storage in a lower portion of the second tubing; and flowing the oil upwardly through the dip tube to a pump

Abstract: Earth formation evaluation for detection of hydrocarbon fluids is carried out by a microwave frequency range sensor (antenna or wave guide) disposed in the face of a diamond or PDC drill bit configured to minimize invasion of drilling fluid into the formation ahead of the bit. The sensor is connected to an instrument disposed in a sub interposed in the drill stem for generating and measuring the alteration of microwave energy. In particular, the dielectric constant of the earth formation in a zone which is substantially uninvaded by drilling fluid may be detected and compared with density and/or porosity logs to determine the presence of hydrocarbons in relatively thin layers of formation material.