Abstract: A muzzle recoil brake which enables propellant gases to escape through a sequence of expansion stages along the length of the brake. Each expansion stage includes circumferentially disposed passageways or apertures which permit gases to exit the brake. The expansion stage also includes gas expansion chambers. Interior plates transversely positioned and axially spaced define interior expansion chambers while caps comprising radially extending plates and circumferential skirts define exterior expansion chambers. The gases from the brake impinge the interior surfaces of the expansion chambers to reduce recoil. Gases are conserved in the brake and a metered portion of the gas is vented at each stage in the sequence of stages. The size or position of the vent aperture or expansion chamber with respect to adjacent apertures or chambers, or a combination thereof, permits retention and conservation of the propellant gases.

Abstract: Aerodynamical air foil surface and subsurface expressions and/or impressions of varied geometrics, angles of attack, heights and depths, comprising part of a projectile surface itself to create McClain effect molecular friction/pressure/temperature reaction flight control surfaces which automatically achieve in all fluids and velocities of flight self-stablizing spin and rotation, increased height of trajectory with corresponding enhancement of range and distance, kinetic energies, inducing smooth laminar boundary layer flows, substantially decreasing drag effects, synergistically combined to constitute a major technological improvement in performance of all projectiles.