Abstract: An apparatus for cooling bulk material with a grate flowed through by cooling gas. The apparatus comprises a plurality of planks configured to move forward and back in the direction of conveyance and, between the planks, a sealing device having spatially separate outer and inner sealing elements. The sealing device has between the sealing elements a conveying duct, which runs along the length of the planks and on which a gas supply is configured to produce a gas stream along the length of the conveying duct. Bulk material which has infiltrated through the outer sealing element can be transported away before it can reach and migrate through the inner sealing element. The accompanying sealing effect can considerably reduce the undesirable material through-fall, while enabling the use of low-wearing seals, which provide excellent wear resistance.

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling bulk material with a grate flowed through by cooling gas. The apparatus comprises a plurality of planks configured to move forward and back in the direction of conveyance and, between the planks, a sealing device having spatially separate outer and inner sealing elements. The sealing device has between the sealing elements a conveying duct, which runs along the length of the planks and on which a gas supply is configured to produce a gas stream along the length of the conveying duct. Bulk material which has infiltrated through the outer sealing element can be transported away before it can reach and migrate through the inner sealing element. The accompanying sealing effect can considerably reduce the undesirable material through-fall, while enabling the use of low-wearing seals, which provide excellent wear resistance.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and an apparatus for treating, in particular cooling, a layer of bulk material by means of a stream of gas passed through it on a grate. The grate includes a plurality of elongated planks which extend in a conveying direction and are driven in advancing and return strokes in the conveying direction in such a manner that at least two adjacent planks are moved forwardly simultaneously and are moved backwardly non-simultaneously. Since the material located on a plank which is being moved back is prevented from completely following the plank moving back by the friction generated with the material located above the adjacent planks or with the wall, the conveying effect in the conveying direction outweighs the conveying effect in the opposite direction.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and an apparatus for treating, in particular cooling, a layer of bulk material by means of a stream of gas passed through it on a grate. The grate includes a plurality of elongated planks which extend in a conveying direction and are driven in advancing and return strokes in the conveying direction in such a manner that at least two adjacent planks are moved forwardly simultaneously and are moved backwardly non-simultaneously. Since the material located on a plank which is being moved back is prevented from completely following the plank moving back by the friction generated with the material located above the adjacent planks or with the wall, the conveying effect in the conveying direction outweighs the conveying effect in the opposite direction.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and an apparatus for treating, in particular cooling, a layer of bulk material by means of a stream of gas passed through it on a grate. The grate includes a plurality of elongated planks which extend in a conveying direction and are driven in advancing and return strokes in the conveying direction in such a manner that at least two adjacent planks are moved forwardly simultaneously and are moved backwardly non-simultaneously. Since the material located on a plank which is being moved back is prevented from completely following the plank moving back by the friction generated with the material located above the adjacent planks or with the wall, the conveying effect in the conveying direction outweighs the conveying effect in the opposite direction.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and apparatus for treating, in particular cooling, a layer of bulk material by means of a stream of gas passed through it on a grate. The grate includes a plurality of elongated planks which extend in a conveying direction and are driven in advancing and return strokes in the conveying direction in such a manner that at least two adjacent planks are moved forward simultaneously and are moved back non-simultaneously. Since the material located on a plank which is being moved back is prevented from completely following the plank moving back by the friction generated with the material located above the adjacent planks or with the wall, the conveying effect in the conveying direction outweighs the conveying effect in the opposite direction.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and an apparatus for treating, in particular cooling, a layer of bulk material by means of a stream of gas passed through it on a grate. The grate includes a plurality of elongated planks which extend in a conveying direction and are driven in advancing and return strokes in the conveying direction in such a manner that at least two adjacent planks are moved forwardly simultaneously and are moved backwardly non-simultaneously. Since the material located on a plank which is being moved back is prevented from completely following the plank moving back by the friction generated with the material located above the adjacent planks or with the wall, the conveying effect in the conveying direction outweighs the conveying effect in the opposite direction.

Abstract: Grate plate for the push-type grate of a clinker cooler, which has a topside bearing surface exposed to the hot material to be cooled. The grate plate including a rear region having devices for connection to a grate-plate carrier, such that the grate plate front projects over an adjacent grate plate. Longitudinally extending edge strips are connected in a force-transmitting manner to the devices for connection to the grate-plate carrier to support the plate front. The topside bearing surface is formed by a cover plate which is free of the edge strips, at least in front of the grate-plate carrier, and which has freedom of expansion in the horizontal direction in relation to the support part comprising the edge strips.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for treating, in particular cooling, bulk material which is lying on a conveying grate (10) in the form of a layer (20). The gas is passed through the grate (10) and the layer (20) from the bottom upward. The grate is moved forward and back in its entirety, with the layer of material (20) being held in place during the return stroke. The stroke frequency is selected to be sufficiently low for there to be substantially no vertical mixing of the layer of material (20). A blocking plate (30) or the like is provided for the purpose of holding the layer (20) in place. The avoidance of the vertical relative movement within the layer of material (20) improves the heat recovery.

Abstract: A cooling grate for bulk material, having a carrying plate for accommodating a layer of the material for cooling, and having conveying elements by means of which the material for cooling is conveyed in a conveying direction on the resting carrying plate and which comprise pushers, which are arranged in a movable manner on that side of the carrying plate which is subjected to the action of material for cooling, and a drive, which is arranged on the other side of the carrying plate and is intended for executing a lifting movement, each pusher being assigned an opening in the carrying plate and a transmission member, which is guided thereby and connects the pusher to the drive. The carrying plate is provided, at the openings, with in each case one collar, which at least at the front and rear, as seen in the conveying direction, has a seal acting between the transmission member and collar.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for treating, in particular cooling, a layer of bulk material by means of a stream of gas passed through it on a grate. The grate comprises a plurality of planks (10) which are elongate in a conveying direction and are driven to and fro in the conveying direction in such a manner that at least two adjacent planks (10) are moved forward simultaneously and are moved back non-simultaneously. Since the material located on a plank (10) which is being moved back is prevented from completely following the plank moving back by the friction generated with the material located above the adjacent planks or with the wall (1), the conveying effect in the conveying direction outweighs the conveying effect in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A cooling grate for bulk material, having a carrying plate (2) for accommodating a layer (8) of the material for cooling, and having conveying elements by means of which the material for cooling (8) is conveyed in a conveying direction (81) on the resting carrying plate (2) and which comprise pushers (5), which are arranged in a movable manner on that side of the carrying plate (2) which is subjected to the action of material for cooling (8), and a drive (3), which is arranged on the other side of the carrying plate (2) and is intended for executing a lifting movement (9), each pusher (5) being assigned an opening (22) in the carrying plate (2) and a transmission member (4), which is guided thereby and connects the pusher (5) to the drive (3), it being the case that the carrying plate (2) is provided, at the openings (22), with in each case one collar (23), which at least at the front and rear, as seen in the conveying direction (81), has a seal (7) acting between the transmission member (4) and collar (23).

Abstract: Method and apparatus for treating, in particular cooling, bulk material which is lying on a conveying grate (10) in the form of a layer (20). The gas is passed through the grate (10) and the layer (20) from the bottom upward. The grate is moved forward and back in its entirety, with the layer of material (20) being held in place during the return stroke. The stroke frequency is selected to be sufficiently low for there to be substantially no vertical mixing of the layer of material (20). A blocking plate (30) or the like is provided for the purpose of holding the layer (20) in place. The avoidance of the vertical relative movement within the layer of material (20) improves the heat recovery.

Abstract: Method of controlling the conveying speed of a grate cooler as a function of the state of the bed of material to be cooled in the initial region of the cooler while taking into account the flow resistance of said bed of material. According to the invention, the conveying speed, in addition to being controlled as a function of the flow resistance, is also controlled as a function of the height of the bed of material to be cooled.

Abstract: Method for distributing material over the width of a conveying grate. In order to induce the material to flow off from a width section (6, 11) onto a second width section (7, 8), the first width section is operated at a lower speed of advance than the second (7, 8). In addition, braking or a smaller conveying length can be provided in the first width section (6, 11), as compared with the second (7, 8). The invention also relates to a push grate for carrying out the method.

Abstract: Described is a grating plate for a sliding grating for a burned-material cooling unit, the grating plate having, in the surface which holds the materials, a recess (13) in which cooling-air outlets (10) are located and, below the recess, a cooling-air feed space (17). The depth of the recess (13) increases from back to front. The cross-section of the cooling-air feed space (17) decreases correspondingly from back to front in accordance with the change in the cooling-air flow through the space.

Abstract: Arrangement for crushing and cooling the material passing out of a firing oven, wherein the crusher is arranged in the hot region, preferably immediately following the oven, in the path of the material upstream of the cooler. According to the invention the crusher comprises a plurality of roll-like crushing elements which are mounted overhung and which project into the path of the material from outside said path and for maintenance purposes are retractable therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent for the introduction of nitrogen into cast iron, wherein it contains or consists of at least 50% by weight of at least one nitrogen-containing compound with an N--C--N structure and/or a mixture of calcium cyanamide with nitrides of silicon, ferrosilicon, manganese and chromium.The present invention also provides a process for the introduction of nitrogen into cast iron using this agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rapidly dissolving additive for molten metal, wherein it contains 2 to 50% by weight of a component A, which consists of an alkali metal aluminium fluoride and/or an alkali metal aluminium fluoride-containing salt mixture, and 50 to 98% by weight of a component B, which consists of at least one alloying metal, the alloying metal being different from the base metal to be allied, the components A and B being present intimately mixed.The present invention also provides a process for the production of this additive.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rapidly dissolving additive for metal melts, wherein it contains or consists of 2 to 50% by weight of a powdered component A, consisting of magnesium and/or a magnesium-containing alloy, and 50 to 98% by weight of a powdered component B, consisting of one or more alloying metals, the components A and B being intimately mixed and being present in pressed or compacted form.