Abstract: An x-ray detector for acquiring an x-ray image is in the form of a matrix with at least one of the sides of the amorphous silicon x-ray detector matrix having a cutout or recess with a curved contour that is adapted to the anatomy of the body part to be examined for an average patient.

Abstract: An X-ray diagnostic apparatus has an X-ray source that emits a diverging X-ray beam bundle that strikes a planar X-ray image converter at various angles, the converter having a substrate, image elements on the substrate arranged in a matrix with a semiconductor layer and a layer that absorbs X-ray beams. The X-ray-absorbing layer is fashioned thicker in the region at which a perpendicular ray of the X-ray beam bundle strikes the detector than in the region at which an oblique ray strikes, so that the reduction of the modulation transfer function in the region of an oblique beam incidence remains as small as possible.

Abstract: A transducer sensitive to electromagnetic radiation has a substrate with printed conductor runs arranged on both sides, a sensor that is sensitive to radiation glued over a large surface at the front side of the substrate, and of a thermal expansion-compensating "dummy" component connected to the back side of the substrate. The printed conductor runs have connections to one another only in the middle region of the substrate, and otherwise are free of intersections. The basic orientation of the conductor runs can be stellate or right-angled. The absence of conductor run intersections allows gas to escape during the gluing process, so that gas pockets do not form in the adhesive, which can degrade the quality of the adhesive connection.

Abstract: An X-Ray exposure apparatus for digital mammography allows an exposure of the entire breast to be obtained with a single solid state detector. To this end, an apparatus housing is provided has an acute angle at the patient side, with a device for the deflection of the image from a luminescent screen and optics for imaging this image on the solid state detector are arranged at this side. The solid state detector is arranged at the patient-remote side of the X-ray exposure apparatus.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive transducer with a doped semiconductor sensor is to be constructed on a mounting plate such that it does not deform during temperature fluctuations. On the back side of the mounting plate, i.e., the side opposite the side on which the semiconductor sensor is mounted, an additional element having the same dimensions as the semiconductor sensor is attached opposite the semiconductor sensor. The additional element is composed of the same semiconductor material as of the semiconductor sensor, but is undoped. Due to the corresponding size and material of the semiconductor sensor and the additional element, they respectively produce equal but opposite forces acting on the mounting plate during temperature fluctuations, so no deformation occurs.

Abstract: An X-ray image sensor with electronic, planar image converters covers a relatively large area without the occurrence of image gaps. A number of image converters adjoin one another in a surface, these being coupled to a scintillator via fiber optics. At least a part of the fiber optics proceeds at an angle deviating from 90.degree. relative to the image converters, such that the fiber optics adjoin one another at the scintillator but leave an area free at the image converters. This area is at the junction of two image converters that adjoin one another, and is thus an optically inactive region.

Abstract: An x-ray video image system has a CCD sensor used in the production of a video image from an x-ray image, with an optimum image quality being achieved with a high read-out speed. A light source uniformly illuminates the CCD sensor before the production of an x-ray image. The outputs of the sensor from successively scanned image lines are supplied respectively to a main processing channel and to an adjustable measurement channel. By comparing the processed outputs of these two channels deviations of the image signal from predetermined values are identified. Components in the measurement channel are then adjusted until the deviations are substantially eliminated. Black level matching, white level matching, and linearity matching between the two channels can be accomplished.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an x-ray image intensifier having an evacuated housing, an input luminescent screen, electron optics, and an image sensor applied inside the housing at that side thereof lying opposite the input luminescent screen. The side of the image sensor facing toward the input luminescent screen is provided with a layer system that includes at least one semiconductor layer that effects an electron conversion of the incident electrons by ionization with charge carrier multiplication and is composed of amorphous semiconductor material.

Abstract: An x-ray image intensifier has an evacuated housing, an input luminescent screen, electron optics, and an image sensor disposed inside the housing at a side of the housing opposite the input luminescent screen. The image sensor is covered by a protective layer which effects a deceleration of the incident electrons, the protective layer being applied on that side of the image sensor facing the input luminescent screen.

Abstract: Radio-diagnostic equipment includes an X-ray tube and a shutter which defines an aperture of modifiable size for allowing X-rays to pass therethrough. The shutter consists of a plurality of individual lamella which lie adjacent each other about the sides of the aperture and can be adjusted individually in a longitudinal direction depending on the size of the object under examination. An X-ray image intensifier and a television camera coupled to it generate a video signal and a monitor reproduces an image of the video signal. An evaluating circuit derives a control signal from the video signal which is applied to a position adjusting device including spring-like elements which can be deflected from an initial position by physical forces for controlling the positioning of each lamella.

Abstract: An x-ray apparatus for generating an image of an examination subject, including an image pattern of an instrument, for the purpose of guiding the instrument, includes dual x-ray sources and a stereo viewer for generating a stereo image of the examination subject from a video signal produced by attenuation of the x-rays by the patient and the instrument, a detector which identifies the presence of the instrument in the video signal and generates an output signal upon detection thereof, a phase-locked loop circuit for generating an image pattern of the instrument from the output of the detector, a mixer which combines the image pattern with the video signal, and a switching stage connected between the output of the phase-locked loop circuit and the mixer, the switching stage having a control input supplied with the output signal from the detector such that the image pattern of the instrument is supplied to the mixer in the absence of an output signal from the detector.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment includes an X-ray image intensifier, an optic coupling device, a television pickup device with an optoelectronic solid state image converter, and a monitor, wherein the solid state image converter is constructed from n semiconductor image sensors each of which is formed of a matrix of sensor elements. The optic coupling device exhibits n lenses, and the lenses are so arranged that various regions of the outlet fluorescent screen of the X-ray image intensifier are imaged on the respective image sensors, so that the entire outlet fluorescent screen is scanned.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment comprises at least one X-ray source for the generation of an X-ray beam, a control generator for effecting movement of the X-ray beam, a patient support, an X-ray image intensifier which is surrounded by deflection coils which are connected with a deflection circuit (connected to the control generator) for effecting the synchronous movement of the electron image in the X-ray image intensifier, and a television chain coupled to the output of the X-ray image intensifier, in which the deflection coils consist of n coil pairs offset relative to one another in one plane, whereby n amounts to at least three. The deflection device is so designed that the deflection current flows only in respectively two of the n coil pairs.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment includes at least one x-ray tube for the generation of an x-ray beam, a patient support, an image detector, and a control generator--connected with the x-ray tube and the image detector--for the purpose of moving the x-ray beam, and in opposition thereto, the image field of the image detector. There is connected to the control generator a layer height computer which calculates the enlargement from the geometric data for the tomogram. The image detector has a circuit--connected with the layer height computer--for the purpose of fading-in a marking for the dimensions in the layer plane.

Abstract: The installation comprises a support table for a patient, a plurality of x-ray sources or similar radiation sources, arranged in a series or planar array, with step-by-step activation of the radiation sources in any desired sequence. The beam of rays and the image field of the image detection installation are shifted in mutually opposite directions, so that sharply defined images are formed of only those details disposed in a specified longitudinal layer of the body as determined by the location of the rotational axis of the beam of rays. In the radiation path of the beam of rays of every radiation source, a beam path control device is arranged for shifting the beam path in relation to a central axis of the radiation source system and of the image pickup system, in dependence upon a laminographic height alteration.

Abstract: In the illustrated embodiment an electronic transmission channel for converting an X-ray image into a television signal has an illumination device arranged in the optical path leading to the television pickup tube for providing a weak diffuse illumination of the target of the television pickup tube. It is found that such illumination enables the use of a television pickup tube having an cadmium-selenide layer, for example, without the buildup of negative potentials during scanning of the target in the absence of an X-ray image. The illumination device may be formed by one or more luminescent diodes.

Abstract: In television transmission of medical X-ray photographs and in television X-ray fluoroscopy (e.g. during surgery), where a great brightness contrast range is presented, the illustrated system obtains a blurred video signal representative of the brightness of relatively large regions of the visible light image and adjustably selects high amplitude parts of such signal to synchronously modulate the scanning electron beam of a storage type television camera tube. In this way darker image areas are transmitted with full contrast for reproduction of fine image details as particularly required in medical X-ray technology, while excessively bright areas are attenuated to a desired degree.

Abstract: In one mode, laminographic images are produced by sequentially pulsing a series of X-ray tubes, and by step-wise shifting of the image field of an image intensifier in an opposite sense so that each image of the desired layer is superimposed at the image intensifier output. The amplitude of the required magnetic deflection of the image intensifier is a function of the depth of the layer, and may be calibrated to represent the length dimension of a selected layer region. In another mode, a transverse sectional image is scanned by progressively increasing the magnetic deflection after each cycling of the X-ray sources, so as to scan at successive depths. With a video camera scanning the image intensifier output, one video line of each field may be stored for each depth, and then read out to display the cross sectional image. By storing different lines for respective different depths, oblique sections may be recorded.