Abstract: An optical coupling device for coupling an optical signal propagating in an optical fiber or space to an optical waveguide includes a lower cladding layer formed on a substrate, an optical waveguide formed on the lower cladding layer such that the tip of the optical waveguide points to an end portion of the lower cladding layer, and having a tapered distal end portion, and an upper cladding layer continuously formed on the lower cladding layer and on the distal end portion of the optical waveguide from the end portion of the lower cladding layer to the distal end portion of the optical waveguide, and having a refractive index higher than that of the lower cladding layer. The upper cladding layer draws light having entered the end portion of the lower cladding layer toward the upper cladding layer, and couples the light to the distal end portion of the optical waveguide.

Abstract: A semiconductor light-emitting device including an insulating film, an optical resonator formed on the insulating film, and a p-electrode and an n-electrode which are disposed on the both sides of the optical resonator, respectively. The optical resonator includes a first semiconductor wire and a second semiconductor wire which are arranged in parallel with a space left therebetween, the space being narrower than emission wavelength, resonator mirrors disposed at the both ends of these semiconductor wires, and a plurality of semiconductor ultra-thin films which are interposed between the first semiconductor wire and the second semiconductor wire and are electrically connected with these semiconductor wires, the first semiconductor wire is electrically connected with the p-electrode, and the second semiconductor wire is electrically connected with the n-electrode, thereby enabling the semiconductor ultra-thin films to generate laser oscillation as a current is injected thereinto.

Abstract: A semiconductor light-emitting device including an insulating film, an optical resonator formed on the insulating film, and a p-electrode and an n-electrode which are disposed on the both sides of the optical resonator, respectively. The optical resonator includes a first semiconductor wire and a second semiconductor wire which are arranged in parallel with a space left therebetween, the space being narrower than emission wavelength, resonator mirrors disposed at the both ends of these semiconductor wires, and a plurality of semiconductor ultra-thin films which are interposed between the first semiconductor wire and the second semiconductor wire and are electrically connected with these semiconductor wires, the first semiconductor wire is electrically connected with the p-electrode, and the second semiconductor wire is electrically connected with the n-electrode, thereby enabling the semiconductor ultra-thin films to generate laser oscillation as a current is injected thereinto.

Abstract: An optical waveguide circuit includes: a lower cladding layer formed on a substrate; a first optical waveguide formed on the lower cladding layer so as to partition the lower cladding layer into a first portion and a second portion; a second optical waveguide formed on the first portion, the second optical waveguide including a tip end portion directed toward a side face of the first optical waveguide, the tip end portion being narrowed in a tapered manner; and a third optical waveguide formed on the second portion, the third optical waveguide including a tip end portion directed toward the tip end portion of the second optical waveguide, a tip end portion of the third optical waveguide being narrowed in a tapered manner.

Abstract: An optical coupling device for coupling an optical signal propagating in an optical fiber or space to an optical waveguide includes a lower cladding layer formed on a substrate, an optical waveguide formed on the lower cladding layer such that the tip of the optical waveguide points to an end portion of the lower cladding layer, and having a tapered distal end portion, and an upper cladding layer continuously formed on the lower cladding layer and on the distal end portion of the optical waveguide from the end portion of the lower cladding layer to the distal end portion of the optical waveguide, and having a refractive index higher than that of the lower cladding layer. The upper cladding layer draws light having entered the end portion of the lower cladding layer toward the upper cladding layer, and couples the light to the distal end portion of the optical waveguide.

Abstract: A semiconductor light emitting element includes a first clad layer of a first conductivity type provided on a substrate; an active layer provided on the first clad layer; a second clad layer of a second conductivity type provided on the active layer, an upper portion of the second clad layer implements a ridge extending in a predetermined direction; a pair of first current block layers provided on the second clad layer sandwiching the ridge along the extending direction; and a pair of second current block layers provided between the first current block layers on the second clad layer and at sidewalls of the ridge to be contacted with the first current block layers, sandwiching selectively a region including an edge of the ridge, the second current block layers having a refractive index larger than the first current block layers at an emission peak wavelength of the active layer.

Abstract: An annular endless belt includes, as an outermost later thereof, a release layer containing a fluororesin and having an outer surface formed of a molded surface; a support layer as an innermost layer thereof; and an elastic layer disposed between the outermost layer and the innermost layer. A method of manufacturing the endless belt includes the steps of coating a release layer on an inner circumferential surface of an annular molding die; baking the release layer at a given temperature; coating an elastic layer; baking the elastic layer at a given temperature; coating a support layer; baking the support layer at a given temperature, and separating the endless belt from the molding die.

Abstract: A release layer, which contains fluoropolymers is applied on a die surface of a shaping die, and is baked. An elastic layer is applied onto the external surface of the release layer and is baked. A supporting layer containing heat-resistant synthetic resin is applied onto the external surface of the elastic layer, and is dried. The dried supporting layer is polished to remove the unevenness, and the supporting layer is baked. The release layer, the elastic layer and the supporting layer are turned inside out to be removed from the die surface. The evenness of the fixing belt is improved, and the pressure unevenness is reduced.

Abstract: An annular endless belt (1), comprising a release layer (2) formed of fluororesin and having an outer surface formed of a molded surface disposed as an outermost layer, a support layer (6) disposed as an innermost layer, and an elastic layer (4) disposed between the outermost layer and the innermost layer, whereby the fluororesin layer as the release layer can be formed by coating on the outer surface of the endless belt without hardening the elastic layer thereof used as the fixing belt of a color copying machine.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube having a panel portion includes a faceplate portion, a skirt portion, a neck portion and funnel portion. The faceplate portion has a screen to display an image, and the panel portion has a shadow mask installed therein. The neck portion accommodates an electron gun therein and the funnel portion connects the panel portion and the neck portion. A relation RDO−tc<RDI holds, wherein, RDO is a radius of curvature connecting the center of the screen and the diagonal edge of the screen of the outer surface of the faceplate, RDI is a radius of curvature connecting the center of the screen and the diagonal edge of the screen of the inner surface of the faceplate, and tc is a thickness of the faceplate at the screen center. A black matrix hole transmittivity in the diagonal direction peripheral areas is not greater than 110% of that of the central area.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube is constituted of a glass bulb which includes a panel portion having a faceplate portion with a phosphor screen on an inner surface thereof, a neck portion in which an electron gun is mounted, and a funnel portion which connects the panel portion and the neck portion. Assuming a thickness of a screen effective area of the faceplate portion along the tube axis direction as tc at a central section thereof, as tx at a peripheral section thereof along the major axis direction, and as td at a peripheral section thereof along the diagonal direction, the cathode ray tube has the relationship tc>td>tx.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube includes a generally rectangular shadow mask structure in which a skirt portion of a shadow mask is secured to a support frame. The shadow mask is formed by an apertured portion having a large number of electron beam transmission apertures, an imperforate portion disposed around the entire periphery of the apertured portion, a skirt portion being bent back and drooping from the entire periphery of the imperforate portion, and a support frame including a rectangular frame portion. The skirt portion of the shadow mask is secured to the inside of the rectangular frame portion, and a bent portion of the shadow mask, which defines a transitional region between the imperforate portion, and the skirt portion is formed in a shape where long sides are recessed inwardly and ends of the long sides of the skirt portion come into contact with the frame portion.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube having a panel portion includes a faceplate portion, a skirt portion, a neck portion and funnel portion. The faceplate portion has a screen to display an image, and the panel portion has a shadow mask installed therein. The neck portion accommodates an electron gun therein and the funnel portion connects the panel portion and the neck portion. A relation RDO−tc<RDI holds, wherein, RDO is a radius of curvature connecting the center of the screen and the diagonal edge of the screen of the outer surface of the faceplate, RDI is a radius of curvature connecting the center of the screen and the diagonal edge of the screen of the inner surface of the faceplate, and tc is a thickness of the faceplate at the screen center. A black matrix hole transmittivity in the diagonal direction peripheral areas is not greater than 110% of that of the central area.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube includes a shadow mask having an apertured portion, an imperforate portion and a skirt portion. The shadow mask of an iron-nickel alloy is suspended within a support frame, has a descending step portion around the imperforate portion, the skirt portion which is fitted in the support frame is integral with the descending step portion, is provided with plural beads parallel with a height of the skirt portion and protruding inward. The descending step portion satisfies one of conditions (a)-(c) of (a) its height is from 30% to 501 of H0, (b) its width is from 65% to 80% of W0, or (c) its height H and width W are from 30% to 50% of H0 and from 65% to 80% of W0, respectively, where H0 and W0 are its height and width at centerlines of long and short sides of the skirt portion, respectively.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube comprising a panel portion that has a phosphor screen formed over the inner surface of the faceplate 1A. The faceplate 1A is formed such that the radius of curvature Ri of its inner surface 1A1 is almost equal to or larger than the radius of curvature Ro of its outer surface 1A2 and that the black matrix hole transmittivity is defined at a specified level. The cathode ray tube is provided with a simple means which allows the brightness in the peripheral area of the faceplate 1A to match the brightness in the central area and which, even when the deflection angle is large, can reduce the deflection voltage supplied to the deflection yoke and thereby reduce the leakage magnetic field from the deflection yoke.

Abstract: A primary agent for a two-agent hair dyeing/bleaching composition which comprises a primary agent containing an alkali agent and a secondary agent containing an oxidizing agent, wherein the primary agent contains:

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube includes a generally rectangular shadow mask structure in which a skirt portion of a shadow mask is secured to a support frame. The shadow mask is formed by an apertured portion having a large number of electron beam transmission apertures, an imperforate portion disposed around the entire periphery of the apertured portion, a skirt portion being bent back and drooping from the entire periphery of the imperforate portion, and a support frame including a rectangular frame portion. The skirt portion of the shadow mask is secured to the inside of the rectangular frame portion, and a bent portion of the shadow mask, which defines a transitional region between the imperforate portion, and the skirt portion is formed in a shape where long sides are recessed inwardly and ends of the long sides of the skirt portion come into contact with the frame portion.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube includes a shadow mask having an apertured portion, an imperforate portion and a skirt portion. The shadow mask of an iron-nickel alloy is suspended within a support frame, has a descending step portion around the imperforate portion, the skirt portion which is fitted in the support frame is integral with the descending step portion, is provided with plural beads parallel with a height of the skirt portion and protruding inward. The descending step portion satisfies one of conditions (a)-(c) of (a) its height is from 30% to 501 of H0, (b) its width is from 65% to 80% of W0, or (c) its height H and width W are from 30% to 50% of H0 and from 65% to 80% of W0, respectively, where H0 and W0 are its height and width at centerlines of long and short sides of the skirt portion, respectively.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube is provided with a shadow mask structure which includes a shadow mask formed by integrally forming an apertured portion, an imperforate portion and a skirt portion, and a support frame having a frame portion into which the skirt portion is fitted. The skirt portion of the shadow mask has respective long sides and respective short sides thereof recessed inwardly, and the frame portion has respective long sides and respective short sides formed in planes having no welding bosses, and the skirt portion is fitted into and welded to the frame portion. Furthermore, an end of the outside of the skirt portion and the inner wall of the frame portion have respective entire peripheries thereof come into contact with each other. With such a construction, the shadow mask structure has a small magnetic resistance and the shadow mask is prevented from being vibrated at the time an external vibration is applied to the cathode ray tube.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube includes an evacuated envelope having a panel portion, a neck portion, and a funnel portion for connecting the panel portion and the neck portion, a generally rectangular shadow mask having a curved apertured portion having a multiplicity of electron-transmissive apertures, a curved imperforate portion surrounding and integral with the apertured portion and a peripheral skirt portion, a generally rectangular support frame for suspending the shadow mask by spot welding the peripheral skirt portion thereto, within said panel portion, a phosphor screen formed on an inner surface of the panel portion, an electron gun housed in the neck portion, and a deflection yoke.