Abstract: A method comprising interpenetrating a hollow casing into a relatively loose sand layer saturated with ground water, thereafter raising the casing while tamping crushed stones charged into the casing by a compaction rod disposed within the casing, and driving gravel drain piles while continuously performing the raising of the casing and the tamping of the crushed stones. After the casing has reached the predetermined depth and the charging of crushed stones has been confirmed an, amplitude of reaction is detected by a reaction detection device provided on the compaction rod or a load current measuring device of the compaction rod. The reaction value is compared with a set reaction value, and one or more factors (a raising speed of the casing, a period, an amplitude and an extreme end surface-height of the compaction rod for determining a compacting degree of a peripheral ground) are controlled in response to the compared value.

Abstract: When shaping a film cartridge having a hollow cylindrical shell and caps mounted on ends of the shell, a shell plate is brought into abutment with a mandrel having a perfectly circular cross section and bent around the mandrel by a bending roller. A cap is mounted on an end of the hollow cylindrical shell while it is on the mandrel, and the cap is clinched to the hollow shell while the cap and the hollow shell are grasped from the outside.

Abstract: When shaping a film cartridge having a hollow cylindrical shell and caps mounted on ends of the shell, a shell plate is brought into abutment with a mandrel having a perfectly circular cross section and bent around the mandrel by a bending roller. A cap is mounted on an end of the hollow cylindrical shell while it is on the mandrel, and the cap is clinched to the hollow shell while the cap and the hollow shell are grasped from the outside.

Abstract: This invention relates to a photographic film cartridge including a spool, a film wound into a roll on the spool with one end connected with the spool, and a cartridge case, the spool extending substantially coaxially with respect to the cartridge case and being carried at the opposite end portions by the opposite end walls of the cartridge case for rotation about the longitudinal axis of the spool, the cartridge case being provided with a film outlet through which the film is fed out and a shielding material on inner surfaces of the film outlet for keeping the interior of the cartridge case shielded from external light, characterized in that at least one adhesive material is provided for detachably adhering a winding of the roll of film to an adjacent winding of the roll of the film.

Abstract: A photographic film cartridge typically including a cartidge case having a longitudinal axis, opposite end walls and a film outlet for feeding the film out; a spool extending substantially coaxially with respect to the cartridge case and carried at the opposite end portions by the opposite end walls of the cartridge case for rotation about the longitudinal axis of the spool, the spool being capable of being rotated from outside of the cartridge case; a film wound into a roll on the spool with an end of the film connected with the spool; a slidable cover provided on the cartridge case for slidably moving along a surface of the cartridge case toward the direction inclined to the film feeding direction to slide toward the direction to open and shut the film outlet, and further including device for keeping the film tightly wound into a roll on the spool, whereby the tip end of the film can be fed out hrough the film outlet by rotating the spool in the direction opposite to the film winding direction.

Abstract: A thermal overload relay comprising a change-over spring mechanism and a contact mechanism that is separated from the spring mechanism. The contact mechanism is actuated by the spring mechanism, which is driven by a bimetallic strip when an overcurrent flows through the strip. The spring mechanism has no electrically conducting portion. The change-over point of the spring mechanism varies only a little, thus enhancing the reliability. The spring mechanism is easy to assemble and adjust.

Abstract: An interchangeable drum unit interchange system in an interchangeable drum type rotary printing machine installation proposed to achieve the objects of releasing workers form heavy labor and dangerous work and remarkably shortening the time required for interchange of interchangeable drum units.

Abstract: A rotary printing machine body is provided with a U-shaped longitudinal portion for mounting an interchangeable drum unit. A pair of left and right interchangeable drum unit moving devices are mounted on the left and right printing machine body frames and adapted to move an interchangeable drum unit resting on a carriage into the mounting portion formed in the printing machine body and to move an interchangeable drum unit from the mounting portion onto the carriage. A pair of left and right fixing devices are also provided for fixing the interchangeable drum unit in the mounting portion to the printing machine body.

Abstract: A polarized electromagnet device is constructed with a magnetic block movable within a specially designed yoke in response to the attraction forces of permanent magnets and an electromagnetic coil. The movable block and yoke designs form magnetic circuits which result in a relatively large permanent magnet attraction forces on the attraction side of the device and relatively small permanent magnet attraction force on the return side such that a spring load on the return side is not required.

Abstract: A thermal-type overload relay which uses a bimetallic element for sensing overload currents includes a shifter controlled by the bimetallic element to shift a release lever to which is attached a spring. The spring controls a movable board which has two reversible stable positions corresponding respectively to turn off or on a pair of normally open contacts and a pair of normally closed contacts.The movable board is a molding of insulated material carrying a pair of spaced insulated contacts and also includes a segment which is externally visible to display an indication of which pair of contacts is open and which is closed.

Abstract: A thermal overload relay of the type which uses a shifter to transmit thermal bending of the main bimetallic element to one end of the temperature compensating bimetallic element which is connected to a release lever which controls the closing of the relay and which includes an adjusting link which has an eccentric stem whose degree of rotation controls the setting of the release lever. As a calibration control to correct for unintended manufacturing variations and aging effects, the adjusting link supports an adjustment pin with an eccentric stem which abuts the eccentric stem of the adjusting dial to provide further control of the setting of the release lever.

Abstract: An apparatus for unwinding a roll of a thin belt-like discrete sheet material (hereinafter referred to as a "web") including paper, plastic film, fabric, metal and the like includes a cutter mechanism for cutting the forward end portion of the web of the web roll with the core and the forward end portion of the web being previously fixed in the winding direction, a nip mechanism for clamping the forward end portion of the web after the web is cut, and an unwinding shaft to be coupled to the core of the web roll, the cutter mechanism and the nip mechanism together with the unwinding shaft being linearly movable to and from a web roll storing position. The unwinding shaft position is movable, while the web roll supply position is stationary, so that the space for installing the apparatus can be minimized. Furthermore, the apparatus has a nip mechanism for clamping the forward end of the web, whereby the web roll can be delivered in a state where the forward end of the web is clamped.