Abstract: A fixing device includes a magnetic flux generating section having a coil which generates a magnetic flux when applying current, a fixing roller having a heat generating layer having a thickness of 100 ?m or less formed along an outer peripheral surface of the fixing roller for generating heat through electromagnetic induction by the magnetic flux, a capacitor connected in series to the coil to constitute a series resonant circuit, and high frequency power supply circuits for applying voltage having a certain drive frequency to the series resonant circuit so as to make the fixing roller generate heat through the magnetic flux generating section. An image is fixed onto a sheet, which is transported in a state of being in pressure-contact with the outer peripheral surface of the fixing roller, by heat from the heat generating layer of the fixing roller.

Abstract: When a fixing roller 1 generates heat by a magnetic flux generating section 3 during a standby time, a control section 5 rotates the fixing roller 1. This prevents the fixing roller 1 from locally generating heat and being damaged. Moreover, the control section 5 rotates and heats a pressure roller 2 during the standby time, which makes it possible to keep the pressure roller 2 at a specified temperature and to reduce a time taken for a fixing device to recover from the standby state.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a magnetic flux generating section having a coil which generates a magnetic flux when applying current, a fixing roller having a heat generating layer having a thickness of 100 ?m or less formed along an outer peripheral surface of the fixing roller for generating heat through electromagnetic induction by the magnetic flux, a capacitor connected in series to the coil to constitute a series resonant circuit, and high frequency power supply circuits for applying voltage having a certain drive frequency to the series resonant circuit so as to make the fixing roller generate heat through the magnetic flux generating section. An image is fixed onto a sheet, which is transported in a state of being in pressure-contact with the outer peripheral surface of the fixing roller, by heat from the heat generating layer of the fixing roller.

Abstract: When a fixing roller 1 generates heat by a magnetic flux generating section 3 during a standby time, a control section 5 rotates the fixing roller 1. This prevents the fixing roller 1 from locally generating heat and being damaged. Moreover, the control section 5 rotates and heats a pressure roller 2 during the standby time, which makes it possible to keep the pressure roller 2 at a specified temperature and to reduce a time taken for a fixing device to recover from the standby state.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention includes a fixing device of an image forming apparatus. The fixing device may include a first pressure applying roller, a second pressure applying roller which is pressed onto the first pressure applying roller, and a fixing belt which is entrained about the first pressure applying roller and is pressed onto the first pressure applying roller by the second pressure applying roller. When a transfer material carrying an unfixed image is inserted between the second pressure applying roller and the fixing belt, the unfixed image may be brought into contact with the fixing belt so that the unfixed image is heated and fixed on the transfer material. A frictional coefficient between the fixing belt and the first pressure applying roller may be set to be less than a frictional coefficient between the fixing belt and the transfer material.

Abstract: A fixing device of an image forming apparatus, including:

Abstract: A method of controlling a fixing temperature of a fixing device having a heat roller provided with a heat source and a first temperature detector provided at the vicinity of the heat roller, and having a pressure roller, which is in pressure contact with the heat roller, provided with a second temperature sensor at the vicinity of the pressure roller, having the steps of; detecting a temperature of the pressure roller by the second temperature detector; and varying a control temperature of the heat roller according to a detected temperature of the pressure roller.

Abstract: A method of controlling a fixing temperature of a fixing device having a heat roller provided with a heat source and a first temperature detector provided at the vicinity of the heat roller, and having a pressure roller, which is in pressure contact with the heat roller, provided with a second temperature sensor at the vicinity of the pressure roller, having the steps of; detecting a temperature of the pressure roller by the second temperature detector; and varying a control temperature of the heat roller according to a detected temperature of the pressure roller.

Abstract: Present invention provides an image forming apparatus wherein a photosensitive member is subjected to optimum fatigue treatment in order to prevent the fluctuation of copying density and prevent fogging. Therefore, an image forming apparatus according to the invention is arranged so that the duration of prerotation for subjecting a photosensitive member to the fatigue treatment in advance is regulated in accordance with both the rest time after the completion of a previously-executed copying operation and the current temperature of the photosensitive member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and method having a series of cycles for obtaining a visible image by forming an electrostatic image on a photosensitive member of amorphous silicon and by developing the electrostatic image by irradiating the surface of the photosensitive member for each image forming cycle with a light having wavelength longer than 600 nm and containing substantially no rays having wavelengths of 550 to 600 nm.

Abstract: An ion modulating electrode having at least one row of a plurality of apertures, which is capable of enhancing or blocking the passage of an ion flow through said apertures. The ion modulating electrode comprises a continuous layer of a conductive material and a segmented layer of a conductive material separated from each other by an insulating layer. The ion modulating electrode comprises at least one of said continuous layer and segmented layer has a resistance layer having a resistivity of not more than 10.sup.10 .OMEGA.cm thereon.

Abstract: The present invention provides for reduction of the copying time for a first copy in an electrophotographic copying apparatus, in that the area of the photoreceptor drum to be neutralized by the separation electrode is charged by the transferring electrode that is located immediately before the separation electrode.

Abstract: A method of producing multiple copies of an original document with a minimum number of document imaging scannings includes impressing an electrostatic image of a reference density patch on the charge receptor together with an image of the document, detecting the potential of the patch, comparing the detected potential with a reference level, and controlling further copy production in accordance with the results of such comparison, so that additional copies are produced from the electrostatic image of the document without reimaging until the detected potential of the patch image drops below the reference level, at which time the patch and document are reimaged to form new electrostatic images of the patch and document on the charge receptor for the production of additional copies.

Abstract: An electrostatic reproducing apparatus in which a passage of ions generated from an ion generator is modulated by an ion modulating electrode which modulates corresponding to image signals that are to be reproduced. An ion flow condensing electrode comprising an insulating plate and a conductive plate coated on one surface of said insulating plate is disposed between said ion generator and said ion modulating electrode. Said electrostatic reproducing apparatus comprises an electrode for deflecting the flow path of ion flow, said electrode for deflecting being disposed on the side opposite to said ion generator of said ion modulating electrode, and being applied with a predetermined potential with respect to said ion modulating electrode.

Abstract: An electrostatic reproducing apparatus comprising a charged particle modulating electrode unit, wherein the common electrode and the control electrode are divided into a plurality of the groups, respectively, in the direction in which the particle passing apertures are arranged. Each of thus divided common electrode groups is disposed in a staggered manner with respect to the corresponding control electrode groups, and the same electric potential is applied to two adjacent common electrode groups opposed to that control electrode group through which a charged particle is to be modulated. The control electrode groups are disposed in such a manner that a boundary between two adjacent common electrode groups is aligned with the center line of the opposed control electrode group. At least one of the surfaces of said charged particle modulating electrode unit is provided with a solid state scanning system of wiring formed integrally therewith.

Abstract: A method of controlling the luminous intensity of a fluorescent lamp of the reproducing apparatus characterized in that a first stage for detecting the amount of light from the fluorescent lamp is linked with a second stage for controlling the lamp current of the fluorescent lamp by use of an output corresponding to the detection output of the first stage as the input. A luminous intensity controlling apparatus for fluorescent lamp of the reproducing apparatus characterized in that the fluorescent lamp is a cold cathode type fluorescent lamp, and luminosity detection device for detecting the amount of light from the cold cathode type fluorescent lamp and lamp current control device for controlling the lamp current of the cold cathode type fluorescent lamp using an output corresponding to the detection output of the luminosity detection device as the input are linked with each other.

Abstract: An electrostatic reproducing apparatus, in which the ion flow passing through an ion modulating electrode and reaching a reproducing member is increased by strengthening the electric field between the electrode of the ion modulating electrode and the reproducing member. Ion transmissive apertures formed in the ion modulating electrode is made to have a larger diameter at its ion outlet than at its ion inlet so that the ion transmission factor may be improved. Condenser electric field generating means such as an electrode for generating an electric field to converge the ion flow toward the ion transmissive aperture of the ion modulating electrode is mounted on the common electrode of the ion modulating electrode at its inlet so that the ion flow of the ion generator using the corona wire may be highly dense.

Abstract: An ion modulating electrode to form an electrostatic image on the image recording member by modulating the ion flow includes a multi-layer structure consisting of a first conductive layer and a first dielectric layer, a second conductive layer, and a second dielectric layer and a third conductive layer, stacked together in that order to form a multi-layer structure, through-apertures formed in this multi-layer structure, and a dielectric or semiconductive thin film coated on the first conductive layer or third conductive layer. A high-frequency voltage is applied between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer to produce ions in these apertures. A voltage is applied to the third conductive layer for enhancing the passage through the apertures of ions generated in these apertures by high frequency voltage. The thin film covers a part of the inside of the apertures.

Abstract: An image reproducing apparatus includes an ion modulating electrode and a device for imparting oscillation thereto. The ion modulating electrode is formed of a continuous layer of conductive material, a segmented layer of conductive material, an insulating layer interposed between the continuous and segmented layers, and at least a row of apertures for modulating ion flow generated by a charge generator. At least one embodiment of the device for imparting oscillation includes a rotor or cam rotatable to apply oscillation to a receiving plate. In another embodiment, the oscillation imparting device is formed of a permanent magnet, a coil placed in the magnetic field generated by the magnet, an oscillator for applying an alternating current to the coil and an oscillation element connected to the coil.

Abstract: A charge carrier member comprising an intermediate layer composed of a heat-resistant resin containing electrically conductive material, a charge carrier layer composed of a heat-resistant resin, and a support member. The support member is an electrically conductive support member or consists of an electrically conductive member which is provided on an insulating member. A method of forming a copy image which comprises a step for forming an electrostatic latent image on the charge carrier member, a step for converting the electrostatic latent image into a toner image using a developing agent, and a step for transferring the toner image onto a transfer medium.