Abstract: In a method for producing hydrogen and carboxylic acid, a primary alcohol of 1 to 7 carbon atoms and water are reacted by being continuously introduced into a flow reactor packed with a solid catalyst consisting of an alloy of ruthenium and tin on a support and passed through the reactor under temperature and pressure conditions at which the water assumes a gaseous state. This method enables hydrogen and carboxylic acid to be produced in a high yield or at a high purity from a primary alcohol and water in a short time and by simple operations.

Abstract: In a method for producing hydrogen and carboxylic acid, a primary alcohol of 1 to 7 carbon atoms and water are reacted by being continuously introduced into a flow reactor packed with a solid catalyst consisting of an alloy of ruthenium and tin on a support and passed through the reactor under temperature and pressure conditions at which the water assumes a gaseous state. This method enables hydrogen and carboxylic acid to be produced in a high yield or at a high purity from a primary alcohol and water in a short time and by simple operations.

Abstract: A method for producing a sugar anhydride, said method comprising: (1) a step for conducting a first heat treatment by heating a polysaccharide having a reducing end at 130-350° C. in the presence of an alcohol compound having 1-10 carbon atoms and not having an acetal structure; (2) a step for conducting a second heat treatment by heating the polysaccharide having been heated in the first heat treatment and thus thermally decomposing the polysaccharide to thereby give a gaseous sugar anhydride, without forming a char or with forming a filmy char, and without generating carbon monoxide or with regulating the generation amount of carbon monoxide, if any, to not more than 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the absolute dry mass of the polysaccharide; and (3) a collection step for cooling the gaseous sugar anhydride to a temperature equal to or lower than the boiling point thereof and then collecting the same. According to this method, a sugar anhydride can be easily produced at a high yield.

Abstract: To provide a method for producing acetic acid from lignocellulose with high efficiency and a method for producing bioethanol. First, lignocellulose such as wood is decomposition-treated by a method such as pressurized hydrothermal treatment (Step S1). Then, the treatment solution obtained in Step S1 is acetic acid-fermented as a substrate using Clostridium thermoaceticum as an anaerobic microorganism in the presence of cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate at a concentration of 0.05 to 0.1 g/L (Step S2).

Abstract: To provide a method for producing acetic acid from lignocellulose with high efficiency and a method for producing bioethanol. First, lignocellulose such as wood is decomposition-treated by a method such as pressurized hydrothermal treatment (Step S1). Then, the treatment solution obtained in Step S1 is acetic acid-fermented as a substrate using Clostridium thermoaceticum as an anaerobic microorganism in the presence of cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate at a concentration of 0.05 to 0.1 g/L (Step S2).