Abstract: An accelerator pedal device is fixed through a housing to a car body. By pedaling on an accelerator pedal arm supported pivotally by the housing, the accelerator pedal arm and a interlocking member rotationally move integrally, and by a torsion spring provided between an accelerator pedal arm and a interlocking member, press force is applied to a detection part provided in the housing. The press force is output as an electric signal from the detection part through a controller to a drive part, whereby opening of a throttle valve is controlled.

Abstract: An accelerator pedal device is fixed through a housing to a car body. By pedaling on an accelerator pedal arm supported pivotally by the housing, the accelerator pedal arm and a interlocking member rotationally move integrally, and by a torsion spring provided between an accelerator pedal arm and a interlocking member, press force is applied to a detection part provided in the housing. The press force is output as an electric signal from the detection part through a controller to a drive part, whereby opening of a throttle valve is controlled.

Abstract: An accelerator pedal device is fixed through a housing to a body. By stepping on an accelerator pedal arm supported pivotally by the housing, the accelerator pedal arm and a interlocking member rotationally move integrally, and a spring set between an arm part of the interlocking member and a detection part provided for the housing elongates and contracts. Therefore, the pedaling amount of the accelerator pedal arm is applied as press force through the spring to the detection part, and the press force is output as an electric signal from the detection part through a controller to a drive part. Hereby, opening of a throttle valve is controlled.

Abstract: A shaped metallic article such as a crankshaft is produced from a hollow pipe which is commercially available. The hollow pipe, which has a predetermined wall thickness, is squeezed into a hollow blank pipe having a predetermined shape and wall thickness. A region of the hollow blank pipe is then heated, and the heated region is upset and bent into a crankshaft, for example. The hollow blank pipe is upset and bent by dies positioned one on each side of the gripped portion of the blank and moving toward each other, and also by punches. After the crankshaft is forged, one of the punches is released from the crankshaft before the dies are separated therefrom.

Abstract: A billet is successively cold worked into a product such as a countershaft, an outer race for a constant-velocity joint, or the like by forming a chemically converted lubricating coating on a surface of the billet, forging the billet into an intermediate product at a temperature below a transformation temperature of the billet, covering a surface of said intermediate product with lubricating oil in a die cavity in a die assembly, and forging the intermdiate product at a temperature below the transformation temperature and before the intermediate product gains a predetermined hardness due to age hardening resulting from the first forging step.

Abstract: A torsional molding apparatus for arranging each crank pin of a crank shaft at a predetermined angular position wherein a plurality of crank pins are arranged on the same plane passing through an axis of the crank shaft. The apparatus comprises posts on a fixed support bed, a vertically movable cushion bed, a vertically movable bed arranged above the cushion bed, a fixed lower mold and a fixed upper mold secured to the cushion bed and vertically movable bed, respectively, a rotatable lower mold and a rotatable upper mold rotatably carried on the cushion bed and vertically movable bed rotatably about the axis of the crank shaft, and arms integrally and outwardly projected from the rotatable lower mold and placed in abutment with the upper ends of the posts.