Abstract: The aluminoborosilicate containing an alkaline earth metal element, e.g. calcium, characterized by the chemical composition and the X-ray diffraction pattern is prepared by the hydrothermal reaction of a reaction mixture containing the source materials of boron and the alkaline earth in a similar procedure to that for the preparation of ZSM-5 type zeolites. Different from the conventional ZSM-5 zeolites into which calcium ions are introduced by ion exchange, the calcium ions in the inventive aluminoborosilicate are not replaceable by ion exchange with protons or alkali metal ions. The aluminoborosilicate of the invention after conversion into the hydrogen form is an excellent catalyst for the conversion of methyl alcohol or dimethyl ether into lower olefins such as ethylene and propylene in respect of the selectivity and durability of the catalytic activity with remarkably decreased deposition of carbonaceous materials.

Abstract: Here is disclosed a method for preparing lower olefins by bringing methanol and/or dimethyl ether into contact with a catalyst in a gaseous phase. In this method, the contact between the methanol and/or dimethyl ether and the catalyst is carried out at a weight hourly space velocity of 0.1 to 20 hr.sup.-1 at a reaction temperature of 300.degree. to 650.degree. C. under a total pressure of 0.1 to 100 atm by the use of, as the catalyst, an alkaline earth metal-modified alkaline earth metal-containing zeolite catalyst; the alkaline earth metal-modified alkaline earth metal-containing zeolite catalyst being prepared as disclosed in the Specification by modifying an alkaline earth metal-containing aluminoborosilicate so that the alkaline earth metal in an amount of at least 0.25% by weight in terms of the metal may be mixed with or supported in the zeolite catalyst.

Abstract: A zeolite material obtained by modifying a crystalline aluminosilicate having the following empirical formula:xM.sub.2 O.yM'O.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.zSiO.sub.2.nH.sub.2 Owherein M is an exchangeable cation selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, hydrogen and mixtures thereof, M' is an alkaline earth metal, x is between 0 and 1.5, y is between 0.2 and 40, z is between 50 and 3000 and n is between 0 and 40 and wherein x+y is at least 1.2, with an alkaline earth metal compound. The modifying may be by impregnation or by mere mixing. The zeolite material is useful as catalyst for converting methanol and/or dimethyl ether into lower olefins.

Abstract: A crystalline aluminosilicate having the following empirical formula:xM.sub.2 O.yM'O.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.zSiO.sub.2.nH.sub.2 Owherein M is an exchangeable cation selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, hydrogen and mixtures thereof, M' is an alkaline earth metal, x is between 0 and 1.5, y is between 0.2 and 40, z is between 12 and 3000 and n is between 0 and 40 and wherein x+y is 1.2 or more, said aluminosilicate having the X-ray diffraction lines of Table 1 of the specification. The crystalline aluminosilicate material is obtained by providing a reaction mixture containing water, a tetrapropylammonium compound and a source of an alkali metal oxide, an oxide of silicon, an oxide of aluminum and an oxide of an alkaline earth metal and having a composition falling within the following ranges:SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio: 12-3000OH.sup.- /SiO.sub.2 molar ratio: 0.02-10H.sub.2 O/SiO.sub.2 molar ratio: 1-1000tetrapropylammonium ion/SiO.sub.2 molar ratio: 0.

Abstract: A lower alcohol, especially methanol, or dimethyl ether is subjected to pyrolysis conditions in the presence of a specific catalyst to obtain lower olefins. The catalyst is comprised of a smectite, such as a montmorillonite clay, having superimposed aluminosilicate layers and zirconium oxide intercalated between the structural, aluminosilicate layers.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel highly heat-resistant solid catalyst for the ethanation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide into methane. Different from conventional nickel catalysts, the inventive catalyst comprises a binary active ingredient composed of an alloy of nickel and molybdenum and a molybdenum carbide supported on a porous catalyst carrier. The catalyst is prepared by heating a catalyst intermediate comprising the oxides of nickel and molybdenum supported on the carrier in a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide at 500.degree.-700.degree. C., preferably, following a step of hydrogen reduction at 400.degree.-900.degree. C. The most preferable catalyst carrier is a mixture or a composite oxide compound composed of magnesium and aluminum oxides. The methanation reaction can be carried out with the inventive catalyst at a much higher temperature, e.g. 650.degree. C.