Abstract: Discrete, non-agglomerating particles of polyalkylene carbonate are produced by solvent/non-solvent precipitation using certain solvent/non-solvent systems. The free-flowing particles obtained are from 30 to 3000 microns in diameter and are suitable for use in a variety of applications, particularly the preparation of foamed articles.

Abstract: Aromatic bis (dialkyl) ureas such as the bis (dimethyl) urea of 2,4-toluenediamine are prepared by reacting an aromatic diamine with isocyanic acid (HNCO) to convert the amino groups of the diamine to urea groups (--NHCONH.sub.2) to give an aromatic bis urea which is then reacted with a dialkyl amine having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms to produce the desired aromatic bis (dialkyl) urea.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the preparation of methylene diphenylene diisocyanates (MDI) and polymethylene polyphenylene poly (isocyanates) (PMDI) by the thermal decomposition of a methylene diphenylene bis (dialkylurea) or a polymethylene polyphenylene poly (alkylurea) in a solvent in the presence of an organic sulfonic acid or sulfonated aromatic ion exchange resin as a promoter for conversion of the urea groups to the corresponding isocyanate.

Abstract: Discrete, non-agglomerating particles of polyalkylene carbonate are produced by solvent/non-solvent precipitation using certain solvent/non-solvent systems. The free-flowing particles obtaine are from 30 to 3000 microns in diameter and are suitable for use in a variety of applications, particularly the preparation of foamed articles.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the preparation of aromatic mono- and poly-isocyanates by the thermal decomposition of an aromatic bis dialkyl urea in solvent in the presence of an organic sulfonic acid or sulfonated aromatic ion exchange resin as a promoter for conversion of the urea groups to isocyanates.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the preparation of methylene diphenylene diisocyanates (MDI) and polymethylene polyphenylene poly (diisocyanates) by the thermal decomposition of a methylene diphenylene bis (dialkylurea) or a polymethylene polyphenylene poly (dialkylurea) in a solvent in the presence of a tertiary amine hydrohalide, such as pyridine hydrochloride, as a promoter for conversion of the urea groups to the corresponding isocyanate.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the preparation of aromatic mono- and poly- isocyanates by the thermal decomposition of an aromatic bis dialkyl urea in solvent in the presence of a tertiary amine hydrohalide, such as pyridine hydrochloride, as a promoter for conversion of the urea groups to isocyanates.

Abstract: The selection of the proper solvent systems for polyalkylene carbonates which completely dissolve the polymer at high temperatures but are non-solvents at lower temperatures allows one to obtain discrete particles of the polymers suitable for many applications, processing and handling. The particles size can be controlled from about 30 to about 3000 microns in diameter.

Abstract: The addition of a small amount of a second epoxide to the copolymerization of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide with carbon dioxide can give a melt processable polyalkylene carbonate terpolymer which can be processed without extensive thermal decomposition. This invention has particular utility in thermoplastic applications such as injection molding, blow molding, and film manufacture.

Abstract: Copolymers or terpolymers of carbon dioxide and at least one epoxide are found to be useful in formulations for adhesive compositions. Polarity due to the carbonate group and non-polarity due to the alkylene groups in the resulting polyalkylene carbonates makes it possible to adhere a large number of different surfaces such as steel, aluminum, fluoropolymers, and polyesters to themselves or to each other.

Abstract: The evaporative casting of molten metals has been shown to produce castings having smooth surfaces without any sign of carbon deposits thereon by using a copolymer polycarbonate prepared from cyclohexene oxide, cyclopentene oxide, cycloheptene oxide, or isobutylene oxide and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The evaporative casting of molten metals has been shown to produce castings having smooth surfaces without any sign of carbon deposits thereon by using a terpolymer polycarbonate prepared from cyclopentene oxide or cyclohexene oxide, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or butylene oxide, and carbon dioxide in making patterns for the lost foam casting process.

Abstract: Expandable styrene polymer particles which have anti-static and anti-lumping properties during expansion and after molding into an article are produced by adding 0.1 to 0.4 parts of dialkyl bisalkoxylated quaternary ammonium salts per 100 parts of polymer particles by coating of the expandable polymer particles with the salts. The salts may be added as sole antistatic agent or in addition to the known internal additives which impart fastcool and antilump properties.

Abstract: Expandable styrene polymer particles which have anti-static and anti-lumping properties during expansion and after molding into an article are produced by adding 0.1 to 0.4 parts of trialkyl alkylalkoxylated quaternary ammonium salts, per 100 parts of polymer particles by coating of the expandable polymer particles with the salts. The salts may be added as sole antistatic agent or in addition to the known internal additives which impart fast-cool and anti-lump properties.

Abstract: Alkoxylated ether sulfate anionic surfactants of this invention are prepared by conventional procedures, e.g., oxyalkylation with propylene oxide or 1,2-butylene oxide of a branched chain alcohol; optionally followed by oxyalkylation with ethylene oxide or with a mixture of ethylene oxide and higher alkylene oxide; sulfation of the alkoxylated product; and neutralization of the sulfated derivative. The alkoxylated ether sulfate anionic surfactants of the present invention are liquids which exhibit superior detergency to polyester fabrics, excellent hard water stability, low foaming, low odor, and exhibit excellent compatibility with non-ionic and other surfactants in detergent formulations.

Abstract: Expandable styrene polymer particles which have anti-static and anti-lumping properties during expansion and after molding into an article are produced by adding 0.1 to 0.4 parts of dialkyl bisalkoxylated quaternary ammonium salts per 100 parts of polymer particles by coating of the expandable polymer particles with the salts. The salts may be added as sole antistatic agent or in addition to the known internal additives which impart fastcool and antilump properties.

Abstract: Expandable styrene polymer particles which have anti-static and anti-lumping properties during expansion and after molding into an article are produced by adding 0.1 to 0.4 parts of trialkyl alkylalkoxylated quaternary ammonium salts, per 100 parts of polymer particles by coating of the expandable polymer particles with the salts. The salts may be added as sole antistatic agent or in addition to the known internal additives which impart fast-cool and anti-lump properties.

Abstract: Alkoxylated ether sulfate anionic surfactants of this invention are prepared by conventional procedures, e.g., oxyalkylation with propylene oxide or 1,2-butylene oxide of a straight chain plasticizer range alcohol; optionally followed by oxyalkylation with ethylene oxide or with a mixture of ethylene oxide and higher alkylene oxide; sulfation of the alkoxylated product; and neutralization of the sulfated derivative. The alkoxylated ether sulfate anionic surfactants of the present invention are liquids which exhibit superior detergency to polyester fabrics, excellent hard water stability, organic solubility, low foaming, low odor, and exhibit excellent compatibility with non-ionic and other surfactants in detergent formulations.

Abstract: Mixtures of alkoxylated ether sulfate anionic surfactants of this invention are prepared by conventional procedures, e.g., oxyalkylation with propylene oxide or 1,2-butylene oxide of a plasticizer range linear or branched "oxo" alcohol; optionally followed by oxyalkylation with ethylene oxide or with a mixture of ethylene oxide and higher alkylene oxide; sulfation of the alkoxylated product; and neutralization of the sulfated derivative. The alkoxylated ether sulfate anionic surfactant compositions of the present invention are liquids which exhibit superior detergency to polyester fabrics, excellent hard water stability, low foaming, low odor, and exhibit excellent compatibility with non-ionic and other surfactants in detergent formulations.

Abstract: The synthesis of aryl alkyl ethers from methylbenzyl alcohol and, optionally, phenol using a bis-(dithiobenzyl)nickel(II) catalyst is disclosed.