Abstract: A vehicle panel structure according to technology disclosed herein includes: a panel member employed in a vehicle; a joining member configured including an angled wall that is disposed on one plate thickness direction side of a joined-to wall of the panel member, and that is angled with respect to the joined-to wall, and a joining wall that is disposed facing the one plate thickness direction side of the joined-to wall, and that is coupled to the angled wall through a bent portion; and a spot weld that configures a join portion where the joining wall is joined to the joined-to wall, and that is set at a portion of the join portion where an extension line running along an axial direction of the angled wall intersects.

Abstract: A vehicle panel structure according to technology disclosed herein includes: a panel member employed in a vehicle; a joining member configured including an angled wall that is disposed on one plate thickness direction side of a joined-to wall of the panel member, and that is angled with respect to the joined-to wall, and a joining wall that is disposed facing the one plate thickness direction side of the joined-to wall, and that is coupled to the angled wall through a bent portion; and a spot weld that configures a join portion where the joining wall is joined to the joined-to wall, and that is set at a portion of the join portion where an extension line running along an axial direction of the angled wall intersects.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to apparatus comprising a reverse osmosis membrane module, a reciprocating pump and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. The pump includes a piston defining on its opposite sides a first cylinder chamber and a second cylinder chamber which has a smaller cross-sectional area than the first chamber. The first chamber connects with a feed fluid supply conduit provided with a feed valve which opens when the first chamber expands. The membrane module includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet connects with the first cylinder chamber when the first cylinder chamber contracts in volume, and the outlet connects with the second cylinder chamber through a selector connecting with a concentrate fluid drain conduit.