Abstract: The battery cell for a flow battery includes a cell frame including a frame including a through-window and a manifold serving as an electrolyte flow path, and a bipolar plate blocking the through-window; a positive electrode disposed on one surface side of the bipolar plate; and a negative electrode disposed on another surface side of the bipolar plate. In this battery cell, in the frame, a thickness of a portion in which the manifold is formed is defined as Ft; in the bipolar plate, a thickness of a portion blocking the through-window is defined as Bt; in the positive electrode, a thickness of a portion facing the bipolar plate is defined as Pt; in the negative electrode, a thickness of a portion facing the bipolar plate is defined as Nt; and these thicknesses satisfy Ft?4 mm, Bt?Ft?3.0 mm, Pt?1.5 mm, and Nt?1.5 mm.

Abstract: The battery cell for a flow battery includes a cell frame including a frame including a through-window and a manifold serving as an electrolyte flow path, and a bipolar plate blocking the through-window; a positive electrode disposed on one surface side of the bipolar plate; and a negative electrode disposed on another surface side of the bipolar plate. In this battery cell, in the frame, a thickness of a portion in which the manifold is formed is defined as Ft; in the bipolar plate, a thickness of a portion blocking the through-window is defined as Bt; in the positive electrode, a thickness of a portion facing the bipolar plate is defined as Pt; in the negative electrode, a thickness of a portion facing the bipolar plate is defined as Nt; and these thicknesses satisfy Ft?4 mm, Bt?Ft?3.0 mm, Pt?1.5 mm, and Nt?1.5 mm.

Abstract: A bipolar plate is a bipolar plate for a battery, the bipolar plate having a positive electrode disposed on a first surface side thereof and a negative electrode disposed on a second surface side thereof, wherein at least one of the first surface and the second surface is provided with a flow path through which an electrolyte flows. The flow path includes an introduction port for the electrolyte, a discharge port for the electrolyte, and a groove section which is located between the introduction port and the discharge port and guides the electrolyte to a predetermined route. The groove section includes a plurality of vertical groove sections which extend in a vertical direction and are arranged in parallel in a direction orthogonal to the vertical direction when the bipolar plate is placed at a predetermined position in the battery.

Abstract: A thickness detector includes a rotator having different shape marks, disposed at different positions in a rotation direction; an opposing member disposed opposite the rotator; a detector to detect and output a displacement amount of the rotator or the opposing member in a sheet thickness direction; and a controller. The controller is configured to acquire first output values for one rotation from the detector, in a state without sheet; determine, based on a value output from the detector, whether one of the plurality of marks is detected in a state with the sheet held; acquire a predetermined number of second output values after one of the marks is detected; extract, from the first output values, values corresponding to the second output values, based on the value corresponding to the detected mark; and calculate a sheet thickness based on the second output values and the extracted first output values.

Abstract: Provided are a battery cell that can be produced efficiently. A frame body of each cell frame of a battery cell includes an inner peripheral recessed portion formed by reducing a thickness of a peripheral portion that surrounds an entire perimeter of the penetrating window so that the peripheral portion has a smaller thickness than other portions of the frame body. A bipolar plate of the battery cell includes an outer peripheral engaging portion that engages with the inner peripheral recessed portion, the outer peripheral engaging portion being a portion having a particular width and extending throughout an entire outer periphery of the bipolar plate.

Abstract: A bipolar plate is disposed between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a redox flow battery. The bipolar plate has, in a surface of the bipolar plate facing at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, a plurality of grooves through which an electrolyte flows and a ridge positioned between the adjacent grooves. The bipolar plate includes rough surfaces which are disposed in at least parts of groove inner surfaces defining the respective grooves and surface roughness of which represented by arithmetic mean roughness Ra is 0.1 ?m or larger.

Abstract: A remaining powder amount detection device includes: a powder moving portion configured to change a distribution of powder in an inner space of a powder container containing the powder; a drive unit configured to drive the powder moving portion; a change value detector configured to detect a change value indicating a positional change of the powder container; and a remaining powder amount detector configured to detect a remaining amount of the powder contained in the powder container, based on the change value. The drive unit is configured to drive the powder moving portion so as to move the powder to near the change value detector. The remaining powder amount detector is configured to detect the remaining amount based on the change value in a state where the powder is moved to near the change value detector.

Abstract: A cell frame includes a bipolar plate and a frame body. The cell frame has an introduction-side flow guiding channel connecting to an inlet slit and extending in a width direction of the cell frame, a drainage-side flow guiding channel connecting to an outlet slit and extending in the width direction, and a diffusion channel unit configured to allow the introduction-side flow guiding channel to communicate with the drainage-side flow guiding channel. The diffusion channel unit includes an introduction-side vertical channel branching off the introduction-side flow guiding channel and extending toward, but not directly communicating with, the drainage-side flow guiding channel; a drainage-side vertical channel branching off the drainage-side flow guiding channel and extending toward, but not directly communicating with, the introduction-side flow guiding channel; and one or more horizontal channels communicating with both the introduction-side vertical channel and the drainage-side vertical channel.

Abstract: A light source control device, includes circuitry to: apply a threshold current, a first emission current, and a first correction current to a light source to drive the light source to emit light to form a first pixel, and apply the threshold current, a second emission current, and a second correction current to the light source to drive the light source to emit light to form a second pixel, wherein the circuitry calculates a value of the second correction current by multiplying a value of the first correction current by a ratio of a value of the second emission current to a value of the first emission current, the value of the second emission current being greater than the value of the first emission current.

Abstract: An image processing device includes: a first matching circuit to determine whether an image matrix of image data of a first resolution matches a first pattern, and output a first determination result; a first converting circuit to, if the image matrix matches the first pattern, replace a target pixel of the image matrix with a first pixel pattern of a second resolution, and output first image data of the second resolution; a second converting circuit to convert the image data of the first resolution into image data of the second resolution, and output second image data of the second resolution; a detecting circuit to detect whether the target pixel is included in a fine line structure, and output a detection result; and a selecting circuit to output one of the first image data and the second image data based on the first determination result and the detection result.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photoconductor drum, a latent-image forming device, a developing device, a density detecting device, and a processing device. The density detecting device is configured to detect densities at a plurality of positions in a main-scanning direction on a developed image. The processing device is configured to acquire at least two light-amount correction tables respectively associated with at least two positions of the plurality of positions in the main-scanning direction on the developed image, the light-amount correction tables being for reducing density variations in a sub-scanning direction at the at least two positions, and correct, for each scan, a set point for setting an amount of light of a light source based on a difference in corresponding correction data between two light-amount correction tables respectively associated with two adjacent positions of the at least two light-amount correction tables.

Abstract: The battery cell for a flow battery includes a cell frame including a frame including a through-window and a manifold serving as an electrolyte flow path, and a bipolar plate blocking the through-window; a positive electrode disposed on one surface side of the bipolar plate; and a negative electrode disposed on another surface side of the bipolar plate. In this battery cell, in the frame, a thickness of a portion in which the manifold is formed is defined as Ft; in the bipolar plate, a thickness of a portion blocking the through-window is defined as Bt; in the positive electrode, a thickness of a portion facing the bipolar plate is defined as Pt; in the negative electrode, a thickness of a portion facing the bipolar plate is defined as Nt; and these thicknesses satisfy Ft?4 mm, Bt?Ft?3.0 mm, Pt?1.5 mm, and Nt?1.5 mm.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image processor, a converter, a light source driver, an identifying unit, and a pattern generator. The image processor generates image data of first resolution and generates tag information indicating whether to perform image processing and associated with pixels of the image data of first resolution. The converter converts the image data of first resolution to image data of a higher second resolution. The light source driver drives a light source using a modulation signal corresponding to the image data of second resolution. The identifying unit identifies a target pixel to be subjected to image processing in the image data of first resolution based on the tag information. The pattern generator generates an image-processed pixel pattern of the second resolution according to the target pixel. The converter converts the target pixel in the image data of first resolution to the generated image-processed pixel pattern.

Abstract: An image processing device includes circuitry to: acquire an image matrix including a target pixel from first image data having a first resolution; determine whether one or more detection patterns match the image matrix; and perform edge enhancement on the target pixel and convert the first resolution into a second resolution to convert the target pixel into second image data, if the image matrix matches any of the one or more detection patterns. The first image data includes a plurality of pixels each including first and second pixel values respectively indicating image information and whether each of the plurality of pixels is an area where a specific object is drawn. The one or more detection patterns, each including a plurality of pixels each including the first and second pixel values, are patterns to detect a pixel forming an edge portion where the first and second pixel values vary between pixels.

Abstract: The battery cell for a flow battery includes a cell frame including a frame including a through-window and a manifold serving as an electrolyte flow path, and a bipolar plate blocking the through-window; a positive electrode disposed on one surface side of the bipolar plate; and a negative electrode disposed on another surface side of the bipolar plate. In this battery cell, in the frame, a thickness of a portion in which the manifold is formed is defined as Ft; in the bipolar plate, a thickness of a portion blocking the through-window is defined as Bt; in the positive electrode, a thickness of a portion facing the bipolar plate is defined as Pt; in the negative electrode, a thickness of a portion facing the bipolar plate is defined as Nt; and these thicknesses satisfy Ft?4 mm, Bt?Ft?3.0 mm, Pt?1.5 mm, and Nt?1.5 mm.

Abstract: A frame body that is a part of a flat cell frame for a cell stack of a redox flow battery, and that supports, on an outer peripheral side of a bipolar plate of the cell frame, the bipolar plate, the frame body including a frame-facing surface that is to face, when a plurality of the cell frames are stacked, a frame body of another cell frame that is adjacent to the cell frame in a stacking direction, wherein the frame-facing surface has a surface roughness Ra of 0.03 ?m or more and 3.2 ?m or less.

Abstract: A redox flow battery includes a cell frame having a frame body in which a sealing groove is formed and a sealing member disposed in the sealing groove. The redox flow battery includes an adhesive that fixes the sealing member to the sealing groove, and a type A durometer hardness of the adhesive after curing is 100 or less. Preferably, the type A durometer hardness of the adhesive after curing is less than or equal to a type A durometer hardness of the sealing member.

Abstract: Provided is a redox flow battery in which damage is unlikely to occur in a membrane. A redox flow battery includes a pair of adjacent cell frames, each cell frame including a frame body in which a flow channel for an electrolyte is formed, and a bipolar plate disposed inside the frame body; a positive electrode and a negative electrode disposed so as to face each other between the bipolar plates of the pair of cell frames; a membrane interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; a protection plate which covers the flow channel and presses edge portions of the positive electrode or the negative electrode toward the bipolar plate; and a membrane protection structure which prevents the membrane from being broken by contact between the protection plate and the membrane.

Abstract: Provided are a bipolar plate that can decrease the internal resistance of a flow battery, a redox flow battery, and a method for producing a bipolar plate. A bipolar plate sandwiched between a positive electrode in which a positive electrode electrolyte flows and a negative electrode in which a negative electrode electrolyte flows includes a positive-electrode-side surface in which a flow channel having a plurality of grooves through which the positive electrode electrolyte flows is provided and a negative-electrode-side surface in which a flow channel having a plurality of grooves through which the negative electrode electrolyte flows is provided.

Abstract: A cell frame for a redox flow battery comprises: a bipolar plate; and a frame body provided at an outer periphery of the bipolar plate, the frame body including a manifold which penetrates through front and back surfaces of the frame body and through which an electrolyte flows, and at least one slit being formed on the front surface of the frame body and forming a channel of the electrolyte between the manifold and the bipolar plate, a cross sectional shape of the slit, in a longitudinal direction of the slit, having a width w and a depth h, the width w and the depth h satisfying (A) w?3 mm and (B) 1/8<h/w<1.