Abstract: According to the invention there is a method of applying a catalyst layer to a surface, the method comprising the steps of: providing a donor substrate having opposing first and second surfaces and providing a catalyst ink disposed as a layer on the second surface, wherein the catalyst ink comprises a catalyst and a solvent; providing an acceptor substrate, wherein the second surface of the donor substrate faces towards the acceptor substrate; and irradiating the catalyst ink with laser radiation at a wavelength which is absorbed by the catalyst ink so as to transfer the catalyst ink from the donor substrate to the acceptor substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of treating Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). The method includes administering to a subject in need thereof the deuterium-enriched pirfenidonc LYT-100 at a total daily dose from about 1650 mg to about 2500 mg.

Abstract: Compounds, compositions and methods are provided for modulating the activity of EP2 and EP4 receptors, and for the treatment, prevention and amelioration of one or more symptoms of diseases or disorders related to the activity of EP2 and EP4 receptors. In certain embodiments, the compounds are antagonists of both the EP2 and EP4 receptors.

Abstract: Variable-focus solenoidal lenses for charged particle beams with integrated emittance filtering are disclosed. The emittance may be controlled via selection of collimating irises. The focal length may be changed by altering the spacing between two permanent ring magnets.

Abstract: A free electron laser for generating a Smith-Purcell radiation. In one embodiment, the free electron laser includes a grating having a grating surface, an electron emitter for generating a beam of electrons, and a guiding member positioned therebetween the electron emitter and the grating for directing the beam of electrons along a path extending over the grating surface of the grating with a focal point so that in operation a Smith-Purcell radiation and an evanescent wave are generated by interaction of the beam of electrons with the grating. In operation, the beam current of the beam of electrons is equal to or greater than a threshold current and the group velocity of the evanescent wave is substantially close to zero or negative so that the evanescent wave travels backward to allow electrons in the beam of electrons are bunched by interaction with the evanescent wave to substantially enhance the Smith-Purcell radiation over the range of wavelengths.