Abstract: Techniques for sub-pixel resolution of an individual observation of ionizing radiation by electrode gerrymandering employ specialized pixel electrode geometries and a contracting-grid search to determine an energy deposition location and an estimate of the total deposited energy. Shaped pixel electrodes in a two-dimensional array of pixel electrodes enable redistribution of induced electrical signals to more than one pixel electrode by extending the pixel electrode's reach beyond that of a conventional pixel electrode so that an area or a portion of the pixel electrode is farther from its center than half a distance between its center and the pixel electrode center of an adjacent neighbor pixel electrode.

Abstract: An X-ray-based imaging system and related method for estimation of attenuation and/or phase-contrast and/or dark-field information representing an object between the X-ray source and the detector based on estimate of a position of absorption of a photon in a pixel within the neighborhood of pixels acquired with a single exposure of the object to X-ray beamlets. The use of a photon-counting detector devoid of a detector mask as opposed to integrating detector significantly improves performance of the system.