Abstract: Disclosed herein are formulations comprising biologically prepared fibers and methods of preparing said formulations. These formulations can be utilized for repair of structures comprised of a variety of materials, including cementitious material, natural rock, mortar, and concrete. The formulation includes biologically prepared fibers, and a solvent or carrier solution. The formulation may additionally and optionally incorporate at least one enzyme. Once the formulation containing the biologically prepared fibers is applied to a void or crack within the structure, the fibers form a three-dimensional fibrous scaffold configuration in the void of the structure.

Abstract: A method of immobilizing at least one molecule in a silica matrix to form a biosilicification product. The at least one molecule may be immobilized in the silica matrix at substantially the same time as the silica matrix is formed. The method comprises combining at least one silaffin polypeptide, at least one molecule, and at least one hydroxylated water-soluble derivative to form the biosilicification product. The silaffin polypeptide may be Sil1 protein from C. fusiformis, a fragment of the Sil1 protein, poly-L-lysine, or a synthetic polypeptide having affinity for silica. The at least one molecule may be an enzyme, a protein, a polypeptide, an antibody, an antigen, poly(nucleic) acids, microbial cells, plant cells, or animal cells. The hydroxylated water-soluble derivative may be silicic acid.