Abstract: Thrust is provided to a vehicle using a self-contained device for producing the thrust through a preselected shaping of an electric field. The device includes a core carried by a housing, with both the core and the housing formed from a material having a high dielectric constant. Multiple cells are carried by the housing and formed around the core, with each cell having a high dielectric sandwiched between an electrode and a lower dielectric. A channel is formed between each cell with the channel providing a spacing filled with a material having a dielectric property of the lower dielectric. Electric wires are connected between an electrical power source and each electrode of each cell for providing power thereto. A set of cells extends radially outward from a longitudinal axis of a cylindrical core to form a circular plate with each cell uniformly positioned within the circular plate.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for applying coating material includes a spray head having a housing which encloses a deflector. The deflector and housing cooperate to form a plurality of coating material flow channels which diverge in a direction of flow of coating material through the spray head. The deflector and housing cooperate to define a long thin outlet with relatively wide channel outlet sections at opposite ends of the outlet. An electrode assembly includes an electrode element having a long thin surface area which extends between opposite end portions of the long thin outlet and is exposed to the flow of coating material through the outlet. A wear tube encloses a portion of the electrode assembly and connects the deflector with the housing. The electrode element may be a plate which is molded into the deflector with a minor edge portion of the plate exposed to the flow of coating material.