Abstract: A computer-implemented method of training a software agent for protecting a computer system comprises receiving performance monitoring counter (PMC) data, comprising data from one or more hardware performance monitoring counters (PMCs) of the computer system, and receiving an output from an anomaly detector that is arranged to detect anomalies in the computer system. State data, comprising at least the PMC data, is provided to the software agent which selects a security policy from a set of security policies in dependence upon the state data, and applies the selected security policy to the computer system. A reward function is evaluated to determine a reward value which depends on at least the output of the anomaly detector. The reward value is used to train the software agent using reinforcement learning for selecting security policies from the set of security policies.

Abstract: A method for operating an image segmentation system includes receiving image data from a sensor, detecting a vessel is present in the image data, extracting a region of interest, and classifying the image data based on the region of interest.

Abstract: A method of generating training data for training a Machine Learning based Task Contention Model, ML based TCM, to predict time delays resulting from contention between tasks running in parallel on a multi-processor system is provided herein. The method includes: executing a plurality of microbenchmarks, ?Benchmarks Bj, on the multi-processor system in isolation and measuring a number of resultant Performance Monitoring Counters, PMCs, over time to extract ideal characteristic footprints of each ?Benchmark when operating in isolation; performing a feature correlation analysis on the PMCs resulting from the plurality of ?Benchmarks to determine the degree of correlation between each resultant PMCs and the executed plurality of ?Benchmarks; selecting a number of PMCs based upon their degree of correlation between the plurality of ?Benchmarks to form a reduced PMC array.

Abstract: A method of analysing a spectrum on which information is transmitted, comprising: determining each different type of modulation used for transmitting the information across the spectrum, for each determined modulation, identifying its carrier frequency and its bandwidth, defining characteristics of usage of the spectrum in terms of the determined modulations and their corresponding carrier frequencies and bandwidths.

Abstract: A method of allocating space on a spectrum on which information is transmitted, to information to be transmitted, the method comprising: identifying carrier frequencies and bandwidths of information being transmitted on the spectrum, determining an optimal carrier frequency and bandwidth for the information to be transmitted based on the carrier frequencies and bandwidths of information being transmitted on the spectrum; transmitting the information to be transmitted using modulation at the identified optimal carrier frequency and bandwidth.