Abstract: Disclosed is a quantum computing system including a first quantum chip including first physical qubits, a second quantum chip including second physical qubits, and a management device. The management device includes a physical qubit layer that manages physical qubit mapping including information about physical channels between first and second physical qubits, an abstraction qubit layer that manages abstraction qubit mapping including information about abstraction qubits and abstraction channels between the abstraction qubits based on the physical qubit mapping, a logical qubit layer that divides the abstraction qubits into logical qubits and to manage logical qubit mapping including information about logical channels between the logical qubits, based on the abstraction qubit mapping, and an application qubit layer that allocates at least one logical qubit corresponding to a qubit request received from a quantum application program based on the logical qubit mapping.

Abstract: Disclosed is an operating method of a surface code-based quantum simulation device including physical qubit storage, which includes storing initialized entanglement states of logical qubits corresponding to different distances, receiving a surface code-based initialization request corresponding to a specific distance, and storing an initialized entanglement state of a logical qubit corresponding to the specific distance from among the initialized entanglement states of the logical qubits corresponding to the different distances in the physical qubit storage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a quantum computing system including a first quantum chip including first physical qubits, a second quantum chip including second physical qubits, and a management device. The management device includes a physical qubit layer that manages physical qubit mapping including information about physical channels between first and second physical qubits, an abstraction qubit layer that manages abstraction qubit mapping including information about abstraction qubits and abstraction channels between the abstraction qubits based on the physical qubit mapping, a logical qubit layer that divides the abstraction qubits into logical qubits and to manage logical qubit mapping including information about logical channels between the logical qubits, based on the abstraction qubit mapping, and an application qubit layer that allocates at least one logical qubit corresponding to a qubit request received from a quantum application program based on the logical qubit mapping.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a register window overflow and underflow includes register windows each configured to include local registers and incoming registers, dedicated internal memories configured to store contents of the local registers and the incoming registers for each word, dedicated data buses configured to connect the local registers and the incoming registers and the respective dedicated internal memories, a memory word counter configured to perform counting in order to determine whether or not there is a storage space of a word unit in the dedicated internal memories, and a logic block configured to control an operation of the dedicated data buses when one of a window overflow and a window underflow is generated based on the count value of the memory word counter.

Abstract: A motion vector extraction method includes: deciding on a search start position in an original video and performing a spiral motion search; and determining whether or not to perform a search in a sub-sampling video, during P picture search.

Abstract: Provided is an adaptive motion search range determining apparatus and method for encoding UHD-class high-resolution images. The adaptive motion search range determining apparatus includes an MVD average/standard deviation calculation unit calculating an value average and a standard deviation of MVDs of neighboring macroblocks of a current macroblock, and a motion search range determination unit determining a motion search range of the current macroblock using the value average and the standard deviation. According to the adaptive motion search range determining apparatus, it is possible to enable each macroblock to have an adaptive search range by variably adjusting a motion vector search range of a current macroblock with reference to motion vectors of neighboring macroblocks of the current macroblock.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a register window overflow and underflow includes register windows each configured to include local registers and incoming registers, dedicated internal memories configured to store contents of the local registers and the incoming registers for each word, dedicated data buses configured to connect the local registers and the incoming registers and the respective dedicated internal memories, a memory word counter configured to perform counting in order to determine whether or not there is a storage space of a word unit in the dedicated internal memories, and a logic block configured to control an operation of the dedicated data buses when one of a window overflow and a window underflow is generated based on the count value of the memory word counter.

Abstract: Disclosed are motion estimation apparatus and method. The present invention can reduce an external memory access in an area in which a macroblock is large while preventing image quality from deteriorating due to motion estimation according to coding units, by obtaining a minimum motion vector using a prediction method in 64×64 and 32×32 modes for the coding units meeting a high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard and obtaining a motion vector using a full search method in other modes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a motion estimation apparatus and method using a prediction algorithm between macroblocks. In the motion estimation method, an average of a motion vector of a macroblock 1 and a motion vector of a macroblock 3 is determined as a prediction motion vector. A prediction sum of absolute difference (SAD) value of the macroblock 2 is calculated, which is an SAD value based on the prediction motion vector. A reference SAD value for neighboring macroblocks of the macroblock 2 is compared with a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined threshold value from the prediction SAD value. Normal motion vector estimation is performed on the macroblock 2 based on the compared result.

Abstract: A motion vector extraction method includes: deciding on a search start position in an original video and performing a spiral motion search; and determining whether or not to perform a search in a sub-sampling video, during P picture search.

Abstract: A caching apparatus for video motion estimation and compensation includes: an external memory including a plurality of banks and configured to allocate one pixel row to one bank to store the pixel row; a memory controller configured to cause successively-inputted read requests to access different banks of the external memory and transmit a read command for a next read request to the external memory while reference data corresponding to a first-coming read request is outputted; and a data processor configured to successively make read requests for the reference data to the memory controller when reference data read requests are successively inputted, store the reference data inputted from the memory controller, and output the stored reference data.

Abstract: A method for decoding segmented speech frames includes: generating parameters of a segmented current speech frame by using parameters of a segmented previous speech frame; and decoding a speech frame by using the parameters of the current speech frame, which are generated in the generating of the parameters of the segmented current speech frame.

Abstract: Provided is an adaptive motion search range determining apparatus and method for encoding UHD-class high-resolution images. The adaptive motion search range determining apparatus includes an MVD average/standard deviation calculation unit calculating an value average and a standard deviation of MVDs of neighboring macroblocks of a current macroblock, and a motion search range determination unit determining a motion search range of the current macroblock using the value average and the standard deviation. According to the adaptive motion search range determining apparatus, it is possible to enable each macroblock to have an adaptive search range by variably adjusting a motion vector search range of a current macroblock with reference to motion vectors of neighboring macroblocks of the current macroblock.

Abstract: Provided are an uplink receiving device of a long term evolution (LTE)-based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing access (OFDMA) system, and a method of synchronizing a frequency thereof. The uplink receiving device includes a fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing unit eliminating a cyclic prefix (CP) from an OFDM uplink signal to perform a fast Fourier transform (FFT); a subcarrier extraction unit performing a subcarrier extraction operation with regard to an output of the FFT processing unit to thus only extract a signal of a specific terminal unit; and an inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT) processing unit performing an inverse DFT on an output of the subcarrier extraction unit to generate a time domain signal.

Abstract: An RF device is provided. The RF device includes a vibratile carbon nanotube having a nanotube natural frequency (f0), a negative electrode fixed to a first end of the carbon nanotube, a vibratile tuning electrode having a variable resonance frequency and facing a second end of the carbon nanotube, and a positive electrode electrically connected to a first end of the tuning electrode. A second end of the tuning electrode is adjacent to the second end of the carbon nanotube, and the carbon nanotube vibrates at a carrier frequency according to an external electromagnetic wave having the carrier frequency, and the tuning electrode having variable resonance frequency characteristics amplifies distance variation between the second end of the carbon nanotube and the second end of the tuning electrode to increase an electron emission sensitivity according to field emission.

Abstract: A method for stable channel estimation to increase frequency band efficiency that is lost by using a pilot, and to reduce the complexity and the sensitivity to channel zero. The method includes generating an i-th symbol block Si including N carriers, performing an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) operation on the i-th symbol block, and forming an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol block. The method also includes attaching a guard interval sample in front of the i-th OFDM symbol block Ui and forming at least one OFDM symbol block Ui,cp. The method further includes modeling the formed OFDM symbol block Ui,cp with a channel finite impulse response (FIR) filter and estimating channel impulse response using signals yi received through a channel.

Abstract: A waveform interpolation speech coding apparatus and method for reducing complexity thereof are disclosed. The waveform interpolation speech coding apparatus includes: a waveform interpolation encoding unit for receiving a speech signal, calculating parameters for a waveform interpolation from the received speech signal, and quantizing the calculating parameters; and a realignment parameter calculating unit for restoring a characteristic waveform (CW) using the quantized parameter, calculating a realignment parameter that maximizes a cross-correlation among consecutive CWs for the restored CW.

Abstract: Provided is a method for converting a dimension of a vector. The vector dimension conversion method for vector quantization includes the steps of: extracting a specific parameter having a pitch period from an input speech signal and then generating a vector of a dimension that varies according to the pitch period; dividing an entire frequency domain of the generated vector of the variable dimension into at least two frequency domains; and converting the vector of the variable dimension into vectors of mutually different fixed dimensions according to the divided frequency domains. Thereby, not only an error due to the vector dimension conversion is suppressed but codebook memory required for the vector quantization is effectively reduced.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for generating a ranging binary code sequence at a high-speed, and a method thereof. The apparatus includes: an initial register value generator for generating initial register values of minimum valid ranging codes; a storage for storing the generated initial register values of the valid ranging codes(?K, where K is the ranging value transmitted by base station); a binary code sequence generator for generating a binary code sequence of a corresponding ranging code; and a procedure for incrementally updating the initial register values as receiving the new ranging code from base station.

Abstract: An RF device is provided. The RF device includes a vibratile carbon nanotube having a nanotube natural frequency (f0), a negative electrode fixed to a first end of the carbon nanotube, a vibratile tuning electrode having a variable resonance frequency and facing a second end of the carbon nanotube, and a positive electrode electrically connected to a first end of the tuning electrode. A second end of the tuning electrode is adjacent to the second end of the carbon nanotube, and the carbon nanotube vibrates at a carrier frequency according to an external electromagnetic wave having the carrier frequency, and the tuning electrode having variable resonance frequency characteristics amplifies distance variation between the second end of the carbon nanotube and the second end of the tuning electrode to increase an electron emission sensitivity according to field emission.