Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a memory system, a memory controller, and a method of operating the same, and more particularly, to a memory system, a memory controller, and a method of operating the same, which calculate a read-attribute value, a write-attribute value, and a time-attribute value for a nonvolatile memory set and determine an operation mode of the nonvolatile memory set on the basis of at least one of the read-attribute value, the write-attribute value, and the time-attribute value, thereby enabling a host to predict whether or not a memory controller executes a background operation.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a master pattern generation method which is a major pattern in a repeated cycle by analyzing programmable logic controller (PLC) logic, and a method for training a model that may analyze an error of a cycle using the generated master pattern. The master pattern generation method and the training method for a cycle analysis model according to the present disclosure are different from the related art in that the methods are a technology of processing a machine control language (low-level language) that is difficult for humans to analyze and converting the machine control language into an analyzable language (high-level language), i.e., a machine language processing (MLP)-based technology that analyzes the executed machine language (a language that controls a machine) with a computer and cats be understood by humans.

Abstract: A memory system includes: a plurality of memory devices; a plurality of cores suitable for controlling the plurality of memory devices, respectively; and a controller including: a host interface layer for providing any one of the cores with a request of a host based on mapping between logical addresses and the cores, a remap manager for changing the mapping between the logical addresses and the cores in response to a trigger, a data swapper for swapping data between the plurality of memory devices based on the changed mapping, and a state manager for determining a state of the memory system depending on whether the data swapper is swapping the data or has completed swapping the data, and providing the remap manager with the trigger based on the state of the memory system and a difference in a degree of wear between the plurality of memory devices.

Abstract: A battery rack includes a plurality of battery modules respectively having at least one battery cell, a rack case configured to accommodate the plurality of battery modules, and a separation bracket mounted at the rear of the rack case and configured to secure a predetermined separated space at the rear of the rack case.

Abstract: A battery rack with increased durability to prevent a rack case from being deformed or broken by external impacts during delivery. To achieve the above-described object, the battery rack includes a plurality of battery modules arranged in a first direction, at least one rack case including a plurality of rack frames configured to mount the plurality of battery modules, and at least one fixing frame including a body in the shape of a plate extending along the plurality of battery modules and a fixing portion formed on one surface of the body and configured to be attached and detached to/from each of the plurality of battery modules.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an automotive wheel equipped with a resonator module having an improved fastening force and, more particularly, to an automotive wheel equipped with a resonator module having an improved fastening force, the automotive wheel having a first accommodation groove spaced a predetermined distance inward from both sides of the resonator module and being able to accommodate a fastening band therein so that a fastening force between a rim and the resonator module can be improved, and having a second accommodation groove engraved from the bottom of the first accommodation groove to be able to accommodate a stopper of the fastening band.

Abstract: A memory system with at least one namespace includes a memory device and a controller. The memory device includes a plurality of single-level cell (SLC) buffers and a plurality of memory blocks, wherein each memory block includes a plurality of memory cells, each memory cell storing multi-bit data, and is allocated for a respective one of a plurality of zones, wherein each of the at least one namespace is divided by at least some of the plurality of zones. The controller is configured to receive a program request related to at least one application program executed by a host, to determine at least one zone designated by the at least one application program as an open state, and to control the memory device to perform a program operation on at least one memory block allocated for an open state zone.

Abstract: A memory system with at least one namespace includes a memory device and a controller. The memory device includes a plurality of single-level cell (SLC) buffers and a plurality of memory blocks, wherein each memory block includes a plurality of memory cells, each memory cell storing multi-bit data, and is allocated for a respective one of a plurality of zones, wherein each of the at least one namespace is divided by at least some of the plurality of zones. The controller is configured to receive a program request related to at least one application program executed by a host, to determine at least one zone designated by the at least one application program as an open state, and to control the memory device to perform a program operation on at least one memory block allocated for an open state zone.

Abstract: Provided is a light irradiated toothbrush, in which light sources, irradiating light having mutually different wavelengths, are arranged in alternation at the bottom of waveguide bristles so that light of different wavelengths give rise to constructive interference which strengthens the intensity of the irradiated light, and the height of the light sources are varied on the basis of the wavelength of the light irradiated therefrom so as to effectively transmit light of short wavelengths to the waveguide bristles, and light having mutually different wavelengths are transmitted by means of the waveguide bristles, thereby effectively transmitting the light to the mouth of a user.

Abstract: The present technology includes a controller and an electronic system including the same. The electronic system includes a memory device including a plurality of zones, each zone capable of storing data, a plurality of hosts configured to output access requests for accessing a selected zone, among the plurality of zones, and a controller configured to select one of the plurality of hosts according to order in which the access requests are received, generate and store a key for confirming the selected host, and transmit the key to the selected host, when the access requests to access the selected zone are received from the plurality of hosts, wherein the selected host transmits an operation request including the key to the controller, and the controller executes the operation request when the key is included in the operation request received from the selected host.

Abstract: A battery rack includes a rack case, and a first battery module assembly and a second battery module assembly respectively including a plurality of battery modules stacked along an upper and lower direction of the rack case, and, inside the rack case, the plurality of battery modules of the second battery module assembly are arranged such that upper and lower portions thereof are inverted based on the arrangement of the plurality of battery modules of the first battery module assembly.

Abstract: Provided is a light irradiated toothbrush, in which light sources, irradiating light having mutually different wavelengths, are arranged in alternation at the bottom of waveguide bristles so that light of different wavelengths give rise to constructive interference which strengthens the intensity of the irradiated light, and the height of the light sources are varied on the basis of the wavelength of the light irradiated therefrom so as to effectively transmit light of short wavelengths to the waveguide bristles, and light having mutually different wavelengths are transmitted by means of the waveguide bristles, thereby effectively transmitting the light to the mouth of a user.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a memory system, a memory controller, and a method of operating the same, and more particularly, to a memory system, a memory controller, and a method of operating the same, which calculate a read-attribute value, a write-attribute value, and a time-attribute value for a nonvolatile memory set and determine an operation mode of the nonvolatile memory set on the basis of at least one of the read-attribute value, the write-attribute value, and the time-attribute value, thereby enabling a host to predict whether or not a memory controller executes a background operation.

Abstract: An air conditioner and a control method thereof perform cooling through an outlet if room temperature or room humidity is high to reduce the room temperature or the room humidity, and closing the outlet to perform cooling at low velocity through an outlet hole if room temperature or room humidity reaches a predetermined value so that a user can little feel the wind velocity of cooling of the air conditioner, while maintaining indoor space at pleasant temperature or humidity. By performing cooling at low velocity through the outlet hole formed in the lower portion of the air conditioner, it is possible to cool the lower area of indoor space at pleasant temperature when a user is asleep.

Abstract: The memory controller controls at least one memory device including a plurality of stream storage areas. The memory controller comprises a buffer, a write history manager, a write controller, and a garbage collection controller. The buffer stores write data. The write history manager stores write count values for each of the plurality of stream storage areas and generates write history information indicating a write operation frequency for each of the plurality of stream storage areas based on the write count values. The write controller controls the at least one memory device to store the write data provided from the buffer. The garbage collection controller controls the at least one memory device to perform a garbage collection operation on a target stream storage area selected from among the plurality of stream storage areas based on the write history information.

Abstract: An air conditioner and a control method thereof perform cooling through an outlet if room temperature or room humidity is high to reduce the room temperature or the room humidity, and closing the outlet to perform cooling at low velocity through an outlet hole if room temperature or room humidity reaches a predetermined value so that a user can little feel the wind velocity of cooling of the air conditioner, while maintaining indoor space at pleasant temperature or humidity. By performing cooling at low velocity through the outlet hole formed in the lower portion of the air conditioner, it is possible to cool the lower area of indoor space at pleasant temperature when a user is asleep.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a memory system, a memory controller, and a method of operating the same, and more particularly, to a memory system, a memory controller, and a method of operating the same, which calculate a read-attribute value, a write-attribute value, and a time-attribute value for a nonvolatile memory set and determine an operation mode of the nonvolatile memory set on the basis of at least one of the read-attribute value, the write-attribute value, and the time-attribute value, thereby enabling a host to predict whether or not a memory controller executes a background operation.

Abstract: A memory system includes: a plurality of memory devices; a plurality of cores suitable for controlling the plurality of memory devices, respectively; and a controller including: a host interface layer for providing any one of the cores with a request of a host based on mapping between logical addresses and the cores, a remap manager for changing the mapping between the logical addresses and the cores in response to a trigger, a data swapper for swapping data between the plurality of memory devices based on the changed mapping, and a state manager for determining a state of the memory system depending on whether the data swapper is swapping the data or has completed swapping the data, and providing the remap manager with the trigger based on the state of the memory system and a difference in a degree of wear between the plurality of memory devices.

Abstract: A wheel hub includes an inner hub part made of a first material and comprising a central portion formed to protrude in an axially inward direction and a flange portion formed to extend in a radially outward direction from the central portion; and an outer hub part made of a second material, which is lower in strength and lighter in weight than the first material, and configured to be integrally coupled with the inner hub part. The flange portion comprises a plurality of main extended portions in which a plurality of fastening holes are formed to penetrate in an axial direction while being arranged to be spaced apart from each other along a circumferential direction so that a wheel is mounted to the flange portion. The plurality of main extended portions are formed to extend along a plurality of virtual extension reference lines which extend in the radially outward direction.

Abstract: A catalytic converter for a vehicle includes: an inlet cone portion connected to an exhaust side of a turbocharger; a converter housing connected to the inlet cone portion and forming an exhaust gas flow passage; at least one catalyst element installed in the exhaust gas flow passage of the converter housing; and a pin member installed inside the inlet cone portion corresponding to the front end surface of the catalyst element.