Abstract: A storage device is provided. The storage device includes: a memory device including a memory cell array, the memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells; and a memory controller configured to, in response to a read command from a host device indicating first data and including a tag indicating target data is to be temperature managed, obtain a read offset from a read offset table based on first temperature information corresponding to the first data, change an initial read voltage to a read voltage based on the read offset, and control the first data to be read from the memory device using the read voltage.

Abstract: A single-ion conducting gel polymer electrolyte includes a fluorine-based compound with 25-40% of its main chain converted to carbon double bonds, and 35-55 wt % of a lithium salt. The polymer ensures anion immobilization, thereby limiting conduction primarily to lithium ions. By including an optional additive such as PEGMEMA in specific weight ratios, the electrolyte achieves both high ionic conductivity and robust film formation. A method for preparing this gel polymer electrolyte involves mixing the fluorine-based compound, lithium salt, and a radical initiator, followed by in-situ crosslinking. The resulting free-standing film exhibits enhanced lithium-metal anode stability, suppressing dendrite formation. Also disclosed is a lithium secondary battery with this gel polymer electrolyte layer positioned between positive and negative electrodes, demonstrating improved cycle life and higher voltage stability disclosure.

Abstract: A display device and a method of fabricating the display device are discussed. The display device can include a substrate, an active area having a plurality of pixels on the substrate, a plurality of insulating layers disposed in the active area, a first bank and a second bank disposed on the plurality of insulating layers, a first electrode disposed on the first bank and the second bank, at least one micro light emitting diode (LED) disposed on the first bank and the second bank, a first optical layer enclosing the first bank, the second bank, and a part of the at least one micro LED, a connection electrode disposed on the first bank, and a second electrode disposed on a top surface and a side surface of the first optical layer and connected to the connection electrode.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including an active area, a non-active area disposed on at least one side surface of the active area, and a bending area disposed between the active area and the non-active area, a plurality of insulating layers disposed on the substrate, a bank disposed on the plurality of insulating layers, at least one micro light emitting diode (LED) disposed on the bank, an optical layer disposed on the plurality of insulating layers, a dam area between the active area and the bending area and a first dam disposed in the dam area, wherein the first dam includes a first dam layer which is formed of the same material as the bank.

Abstract: A microneedle device includes a housing; a needle assembly including a plurality of microneedles; a driver configured to generate a driving force for operating the needle assembly forward and backward; a controller configured to control an operation of the microneedle device; a needle cover configured to entirely or partially enclose the needle assembly; and a close-contact member provided in a front portion of the needle cover and configured to bring into contact with a skin of a user when using the microneedle device. The close-contact member may be formed of an elastically deformable material, and a front portion of the close-contact member is formed in a cup-like structure with a recess. Perforated portions may be provided in a central portion of the close-contact member such that the plurality of microneedles move into and out of the microneedle device via the perforated portions.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a substrate which has an active area, a first non-active area, a bending area, and a second non-active area; and a plurality of connection lines which are at least partially disposed in the second non-active area and include a first connection line; a second connection line which is disposed on the first connection line and has one end and the other end respectively disposed at the outside more than one end and the other end of the first connection line; a third connection line which is disposed on the second connection line and has one end disposed at the outside more than the other end of the first connection line; and a fourth connection line which is disposed on the third connection line and has one end disposed at the outside more than the other end of the second connection line.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nonvolatile memory device which include a memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells connected to a plurality of word lines, an address decoder that controls a selected word line among the plurality of word lines based on an address received from an external device including a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor that measures a read temperature of first memory cells connected to the selected word line from among the plurality of memory cells, and a temperature compensation circuit that calculates a read level offset based on the read temperature and a program temperature of the first memory cells measured by the first temperature sensor and generates a compensation read voltage based on the read level offset. The address decoder is further configured to provide the compensation read voltage to the selected word line.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a display device includes a substrate in which a plurality of first pixels and a plurality of second pixels are defined. One or more pixel driving circuits are disposed on the substrate, and a plurality of micro LEDs is disposed in the plurality of first pixels and the plurality of second pixels and electrically connected to the pixel driving circuit. Each of the plurality of first pixels includes one pair of first sub pixels and one pair of second sub pixels and each of the plurality of second pixels includes one pair of third sub pixels and one pair of fourth sub pixels. By providing first and second pixels with different sub pixel combinations, the display device implements a pentile structure that enhances resolution while maintaining compact pixel arrangements.

Abstract: A display device can include a substrate having an active area in which a plurality of pixels is defined and a non-active area extending from the active area, one or more pixel driving circuits disposed in the active area, a plurality of micro LEDs which is disposed in the plurality of pixels and is electrically connected to the pixel driving circuit, a plurality of power lines which is disposed in the non-active area and is electrically connected to the pixel driving circuit, and a ground line which is disposed between the plurality of power lines and different power signals are applied to the plurality of power lines. Accordingly, the ground line is disposed between the plurality of power lines which is applied with different power signals to minimize the electric field between the plurality of power lines.

Abstract: Provided is a display apparatus. The display apparatus includes a substrate, a pixel driving circuit disposed on the substrate, a plurality of insulating layers disposed on the pixel driving circuit, a bank disposed on the plurality of insulating layers, a plurality of micro LEDs which is disposed on the bank, and is electrically connected to the pixel driving circuit, a diffusion layer which is disposed so as to enclose the bank and the plurality of micro LEDs on the plurality of insulating layers and includes a concave portion disposed along a boundary of the bank, and a reflective plate disposed on the concave portion. Accordingly, the light emission efficiency may be improved while alleviating the process difficulty so that the process optimization may be implemented.

Abstract: A display apparatus is provided. The display apparatus comprises a substrate, one or more pixel driving circuits disposed on the substrate, a plurality of insulating layer disposed on the pixel driving circuit, a plurality of banks disposed on the plurality of insulating layers. A plurality of micro LEDs is disposed on the banks and electrically connected to the pixel driving circuit through a plurality of first electrodes, which are positioned between the banks and the micro LEDs. A plurality of signal lines is disposed below the banks so as to overlap the banks and directly contact the first electrodes. This configuration enables efficient signal transmission and improves pixel integration by reducing the interval between adjacent pixels. Additionally, by overlapping the banks with signal lines and avoiding routing between adjacent banks, electrical connection between signal lines carrying different signals is suppressed, thereby minimizing interference and improving circuit reliability.

Abstract: A display device, in one or more examples, may include a substrate, an active area, a non-active area, a pixel driving circuit disposed on the substrate in the active area, a plurality of micro LEDs which is disposed on the pixel driving circuit in the active area and is electrically connected to the pixel driving circuit, a plurality of organic insulating layers disposed on the substrate in each of the active area and the non-active area, and a plurality of first pad electrodes disposed on the plurality of organic insulating layers in the non-active area, wherein a total thickness of the plurality of organic insulating layers in an area overlapping the plurality of first pad electrodes is larger than a total thickness of the plurality of organic insulating layers in an area between the plurality of first pad electrodes.

Abstract: A display apparatus in some examples can include a substrate having an active area and a non-active area, a first non-active area enclosing the active area, a bending area extending from the first non-active area, a second non-active area extending from the bending area and having a plurality of pad electrodes disposed therein, a pixel driving circuit disposed on the substrate and electrically connected to the plurality of pad electrodes, a plurality of insulating layers disposed on the pixel driving circuit, and a plurality of micro LEDs disposed on the plurality of insulating layers. A pressure applied to the connection line when the flexible circuit board is bonded is minimized or reduced and a pressure margin for bonding the pad electrodes and the flexible circuit board can be ensured.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a display apparatus includes a substrate having a plurality of pixel driving circuits thereon. An over coating layer encloses the plurality of pixel driving circuits on the substrate, and a 1-1-th connection line is disposed on the over coating layer and electrically connected to the plurality of pixel driving circuits. A plurality of organic insulating layers is disposed on the pixel driving circuits, the over coating layer, and the 1-1-th connection line. A plurality of banks is disposed on the plurality of organic insulating layers, and a plurality of micro LEDs is disposed on the plurality of banks and electrically connected to the pixel driving circuits. The 1-1-th connection line is positioned such that its height is lower than the top surface of the pixel driving circuit. This structure helps to improve surface planarity and facilitates reliable micro LED transfer and electrical connection.

Abstract: A display device may include a substrate; one or more pixel driving circuits on the substrate; a plurality of micro LEDs on the one or more pixel driving circuits and electrically connected to the one or more pixel driving circuits; an optical layer that encloses the plurality of micro LEDs and includes an organic insulating material; and an inorganic insulating layer on the optical layer and includes a plurality of openings that overlap the plurality of micro LEDs. Accordingly, the inorganic insulating layer which covers the optical layer formed of an organic insulating material blocks moisture from permeating into the display device.

Abstract: An electronic device includes at least one memory and at least one processor configured to execute at least one instruction stored in the at least one memory. The at least one processor, by executing the at least one instruction, may output a first shortest path number, defined by a source node, a pass node, and a target node among a plurality of nodes to which a plurality of ports are connected, and a second shortest path number, defined by the source node and the target node, and calculate a first betweenness centrality (BC) value for the plurality of nodes based on summing first pair-dependency values for respective pairs of the source node and the target node. A first pair-dependency value is defined as a product of a second pair-dependency value, a number of ports connected to the source node, and a number of ports connected to the target node.

Abstract: An operation method for controlling a nonvolatile memory device includes initiating a first instance of a respective reliability operation for a respective memory block included in the nonvolatile memory device. The respective reliability operation includes detecting a degradation level of the respective memory block and setting a respective skip reference value based on the detected degradation level. The operation method also includes determining whether a respective number of consecutively skipped instances of the respective reliability operation is less than the respective skip reference value. The operation method further includes selectively skipping or performing a next instance of the respective reliability operation based on the determination result.

Abstract: A vehicle seat includes a seat bottom and a seatback coupled to the seat bottom. The seatback includes a front portion configured to oppose a vehicle occupant located on the seat bottom, a rear portion disposed on an opposite side of the seatback than the front portion and including a pocket, and a wireless charging module disposed between the front portion and the rear portion and configured to wirelessly charge a user device located in the pocket.

Abstract: A method of operating a non-volatile memory device, which is configured to communicate with a storage controller includes: receiving a first request indicating a read reclaim determination and including environment information from the storage controller, performing a first on-chip read operation for generating first distribution information based on the first request, determining whether a read reclaim is required based on the first distribution information, and providing the storage controller with a determination result having a first bit value in response to determining that the read reclaim is required.

Abstract: A charging system for a passenger door includes an arm rest, a receptacle disposed in the arm rest and defining a pocket including a charging panel configured to provide wireless charging to an electronic device, a charging system actuator configured to selectively bias the electronic device against the charging panel and including an electronic device presence sensor, and a charging system controller in communication with the electronic device presence sensor. The charging system controller is configured to execute operations including receiving an electronic device presence signal from the electronic device presence sensor, determining whether the electronic device is disposed within the receptacle based on the electronic device presence signal, and instructing the charging system to generate a notification signal when the electronic device is disposed within the receptacle.