Abstract: A touch sensor according to an embodiment includes a transparent substrate layer having an active region and an inactive region, and a conductive pattern formed on the active region and including a stacked structure of a metal layer and a blackened layer. A color difference defined by Equation 1 is 10 or less.

Abstract: A touch sensor according to an embodiment includes a transparent substrate layer having an active region and an inactive region, and a conductive pattern formed on the active region and including a stacked structure of a metal layer and a blackened layer. A color difference defined by Equation 1 is 10 or less.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a display device includes a gas exhaust unit and a gas spray unit. The gas exhaust unit includes first and second sidewalls disposed side by side along a first direction, and an upper plate disposed on the first and second sidewalls, a first partition disposed between the first and second sidewalls and extending away from a lower surface of the upper plate in a second direction. The gas spray unit includes first and second spray portions spraying first and second gases in the second direction. The first partition includes first and second surfaces, a third surface connecting the first surface to the second surface, first and second horizontal openings formed at the first and second surfaces, a first vertical opening formed at the third surface, and a first sub exhaust path connecting the first and second horizontal openings, and the first vertical opening with each other.

Abstract: A window laminate includes a base layer and a functional layer formed on the base layer, in which at least one side end of the functional layer forms an identical line with a corresponding side end of the base layer. The identical line of the side ends of the base layer and the functional layer forms a cut vertical plane.

Abstract: The present application relates to a system for location measurement and night-time forward vehicle detection using a single multi-exposure camera and method thereof which use a long exposure and short exposure frame images among four exposure methods of a multi-exposure camera and applies a binarization method which use a local adaptive threshold value, and also applies a BLOB (Binary Large Objects) matching method which detects an identical candidate BLOB from a different exposure frame image thereby, enables further accurate detection and location measurement of a forward vehicle during night-time drive.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process of preparing sustained release microspheres, containing a biodegradable polymer as a carrier and a drug, using spray drying. The process comprises preparing a solution, suspension or emulsion containing a biodegradable polymer, a drug and a solvent; spray drying the solution, suspension or emulsion; and suspending spray-dried microspheres in an aqueous solution containing polyvinyl alcohol to remove the residual solvent and increase the hydrophilicity of the microsphere surface. The process enables the preparation of microspheres having high drug encapsulation efficiency, almost not having a toxicity problem due to the residual solvent, and having good syringeability. The microspheres prepared according to the present invention release an effective concentration of a drug in a sustained manner for a predetermined period when administered to the body, and are thus useful in the treatment of diseases.

Abstract: The present application relates to a system for location measurement and night-time forward vehicle detection using a single multi-exposure camera and method thereof which use a long exposure and short exposure frame images among four exposure methods of a multi-exposure camera and applies a binarization method which use a local adaptive threshold value, and also applies a BLOB (Binary Large Objects) matching method which detects an identical candidate BLOB from a different exposure frame image thereby, enables further accurate detection and location measurement of a forward vehicle during night-time drive.

Abstract: A controlled-release composition and controlled-release microspheres containing an exendin as an active ingredient, and a method of preparing the same are provided. More specifically, a controlled-release composition containing an exendin as an active ingredient, a biodegradable polymer with a specific viscosity, and coating materials, having high bioavailability and showing sustained release of the active ingredient in an effective concentration for a certain period without an excessive initial burst of the active ingredient; controlled-release microspheres containing a core including an exendin as an active ingredient and a biodegradable polymer, and a coating layer coating the core; and a method of preparing controlled-release microspheres including the steps of mixing an exendin, a biodegradable polymer, and a solvent, removing the solvent from the mixture to prepare hardened microspheres, and coating the hardened microspheres to form a coating layer on the surface of each microsphere, are provided.

Abstract: A method of controlling a double clutch transmission of a vehicle to conduct a series of downshifting operations from a preceding gear to a subsequent gear via a current gear in response to deceleration of the vehicle, may include maintaining a clutch which has been in an engaged state at the preceding gear, in the engaged state until after an order to shift to the subsequent gear may be generated, when shifting from the preceding gear to the current gear, releasing the clutch after the order to shift to the subsequent gear may be generated, and engaging a shift gear of the subsequent gear after the releasing of the clutch.

Abstract: A solar cell includes a substrate, a rear electrode layer on the substrate, the rear electrode layer including a plurality of metal columnar grain layers, a light absorbing layer on the rear electrode layer, and a transparent electrode layer on the light absorbing layer.

Abstract: A method of controlling a double clutch transmission of a vehicle to conduct a series of downshifting operations from a preceding gear to a subsequent gear via a current gear in response to deceleration of the vehicle, may include maintaining a clutch which has been in an engaged state at the preceding gear, in the engaged state until after an order to shift to the subsequent gear may be generated, when shifting from the preceding gear to the current gear, releasing the clutch after the order to shift to the subsequent gear may be generated, and engaging a shift gear of the subsequent gear after the releasing of the clutch.

Abstract: A controlled-release composition and controlled-release microspheres containing an exendin as an active ingredient, and a method of preparing the same are provided. More specifically, a controlled-release composition containing an exendin as an active ingredient, a biodegradable polymer with a specific viscosity, and coating materials, having high bioavailability and showing sustained release of the active ingredient in an effective concentration for a certain period without an excessive initial burst of the active ingredient; controlled-release microspheres containing a core including an exendin as an active ingredient and a biodegradable polymer, and a coating layer coating the core; and a method of preparing controlled-release microspheres including the steps of mixing an exendin, a biodegradable polymer, and a solvent, removing the solvent from the mixture to prepare hardened microspheres, and coating the hardened microspheres to form a coating layer on the surface of each microsphere, are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process of preparing sustained release microspheres, containing a biodegradable polymer as a carrier and a drug, using spray drying. The process comprises preparing a solution, suspension or emulsion containing a biodegradable polymer, a drug and a solvent; spray drying the solution, suspension or emulsion; and suspending spray-dried microspheres in an aqueous solution containing polyvinyl alcohol to remove the residual solvent and increase the hydrophilicity of the microsphere surface. The process enables the preparation of microspheres having high drug encapsulation efficiency, almost not having a toxicity problem due to the residual solvent, and having good syringeability. The microspheres prepared according to the present invention release an effective concentration of a drug in a sustained manner for a predetermined period when administered to the body, and are thus useful in the treatment of diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a mixed formulation of sustained release microspheres with various compositions by a continuous one-step process. The present method is characterized by preparing the mixed formulation of sustained release microspheres with different compositions by a continuous one-step process by continuously introducing the mixed fluids into a dryer from the two or more different fluids for preparation of sustained release microspheres containing a biodegradable polymer, a drug, an additive and a solvent with different types of contents or both of the components, by controlling the mixing ratios of the fluids according to the time, unlike a conventional method including spray-drying a mixture of microspheres containing a biodegradable polymer, a drug, an additive and a solvent with a single composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process of preparing sustained release microspheres, containing a biodegradable polymer as a carrier and a drug, using spray drying. The process comprises preparing a solution, suspension or emulsion containing a biodegradable polymer, a drug and a solvent; spray drying the solution, suspension or emulsion; and suspending spray-dried microspheres in an aqueous solution containing polyvinyl alcohol to remove the residual solvent and increase the hydrophilicity of the microsphere surface. The process enables the preparation of microspheres having high drug encapsulation efficiency, almost not having a toxicity problem due to the residual solvent, and having good syringeability. The microspheres prepared according to the present invention release an effective concentration of a drug in a sustained manner for a predetermined period when administered to the body, and are thus useful in the treatment of diseases.

Abstract: When an engine is restarted after a predetermined period of being stopped oil is supplied to a clutch pack for a 2–3 and/or 3–4 shift while a transmission is engaged in the first speed for the first time since starting. The amount of oil drained during the predetermined period of being stopped is complemented in advance such that shift quality of a first 2–3 and/or 3–4 shift is enhanced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sustained release formulation comprising protein as an active ingredient, and a preparation method thereof. According to the present invention, the sustained release formulation contains protein drugs that are encapsulated in biodegradable hydrophobic matrices as pharmaceutically active forms by forming complexes with sulfated polysaccharides. The sustained release formulation prepared by the present invention can be used to effectively treat a disease without frequent injections by keeping the protein concentration at a sufficiently high level for a long period when injected in vivo once.

Abstract: When an engine is restarted after a predetermined period of being stopped oil is supplied to a clutch pack for a 2-3 and/or 3-4 shift while a transmission is engaged in the first speed for the first time since starting. The amount of oil drained during the predetermined period of being stopped is complemented in advance such that shift quality of a first 2-3 and/or 3-4 shift is enhanced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to controlled and sustained release pharmaceutical composition and processes for preparing the same. The present invention is to provide processes to prepare an injectable sustained release pharmaceutical composition comprising a step to prepare biodegradable porous microspheres having accessible ionic functional groups, a step to incorporate a biopharmaceutical into the microspheres through ionic interaction by suspending or equilibrating the microspheres in a solution containing the biopharmaceutical and a step to recover and freeze-dry the biopharmaceutical-incorporated microspheres.

Abstract: Disclosed is a shift control method comprising the steps of determining if an input shift signal is a power-on upshift signal; determining if driving conditions satisfy power-on upshift learn conditions if the input shift signal is a power-on upshift signal; performing power-on upshift control if power-on upshift learn conditions are satisfied; learning an initial fill time and completing shifting; determining if shifting is completed; determining if run-up occurred during the shift operation if shifting is completed; determining if interlocking occurred if run-up did not occur; determining, if interlocking occurred, if the interlocking is above a predetermined level; and learning a fill time if the interlocking is above the predetermined level.