Abstract: Provided herein are an electrode current collector, a method of manufacturing the same, and a lithium battery including the same. The electrode current collector includes a metal substrate and a metal oxide layer on at least one surface of the metal substrate, wherein the metal substrate includes titanium (Ti), and the metal oxide layer includes crystalline titanium oxide (TiO2).

Abstract: A lithium metal battery may include an anode current collector, a protective film on the anode current collector, a separator, a gel polymer electrolyte, and a cathode, wherein the lithium metal battery may further include an anode active material layer between the anode current collector and the protective film or is free of the anode active material layer, the protective film includes boron nitride (BN) and a binder, and the gel polymer electrolytes contains a gel polymer, BN, a nitrile-based compound, and a liquid electrolyte.

Abstract: An anode and a lithium battery including the same, wherein the anode includes an anode current collector, an electrodeposition induction layer on the anode current collector and including a first carbon-based material, and a protective layer on the electrodeposition induction layer, wherein the first carbon-based material is amorphous carbon including a nitrogen element, and a content of the nitrogen element is more than or equal to about 1 wt % with respect to the total weight of the electrodeposition induction layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a rechargeable lithium battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a gel polymer electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material including a lithium cobalt-based oxide; the gel polymer electrolyte includes a polymer and an electrolyte solution; the polymer has three or more functional groups but not include an ether group; the electrolyte includes a lithium salt and a solvent; and the lithium slat includes lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate and LiBF4.

Abstract: A lithium metal battery and a method of manufacturing the same are described herein. The lithium metal battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte layer between the cathode and the anode, wherein the anode includes an anode current collector and an electrodeposition inducing layer on the anode current collector, and the electrodeposition inducing layer includes chromium (Cr).

Abstract: Provided are an anode for a lithium metal battery, a lithium metal battery including the same, and a method of preparing the anode, the anode including a current collector, a host layer on the anode current collector and including mesocarbon microbeads (MCMBs), a first MCMB-containing layer including MCMBs and a first lithium-ion conducting polymer, and a second MCMB-containing layer including MCMBs and a second lithium-ion conducting polymer, wherein the first lithium-ion conducting polymer and the second lithium-ion conducting polymer each have an electrical conductivity of 10?8 S/m or less, an amount of the second lithium-ion conducting polymer is greater than that of the first lithium-ion conducting polymer.

Abstract: A display device includes an auxiliary wiring located on a substrate; an insulating layer arranged on the auxiliary wiring, overlapping the auxiliary wiring in a plan view, and including an opening having a width greater than a width of the auxiliary wiring; a first electrode located on the insulating layer; a bank layer including an emission opening that overlaps the first electrode in a plan view; an intermediate layer overlapping the first electrode through an emission opening in a plan view and including an emission layer; a second electrode on the intermediate layer; and an auxiliary layer arranged on the second electrode, wherein the auxiliary wiring includes sub-layers, and each of the second electrode and the auxiliary layer contacts a side surface of one of the sub-layers through the opening of the insulating layer.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a communication interface; a display; a memory configured to store a plurality of application image frames; and one or more processors configured to, based on a first output image frame that is output to the display and the plurality of application image frames, obtain frame information corresponding to background information and object information included in the first output image frame from information related to an application corresponding to the first output image frame based on that a number of the plurality of application image frames having a similarity to the first output image frame equal to or greater than a threshold value is equal to or greater than a threshold number, transmit a request based on profile information including identification information of the application and the frame information to a server, and control the display to provide video information corresponding to the request.

Abstract: Provided are an anode and a lithium battery including the same. The anode includes an anode current collector and a protective layer on one surface of the anode current collector, and an anode interlayer between the anode current collector and the protective layer, wherein the protective layer includes a first polymer and a second polymer, wherein the first polymer includes a high-strength polymer, and the second polymer includes an ion-conductive polymer, and the anode interlayer includes a mixture of first particles and second particles, wherein the first particles contain a lithiophilic metal, and the second particles contain a carbon element.

Abstract: An anode for a lithium metal battery, a lithium metal battery including the same, and a method of applying or preparing the lithium metal battery are provided. The anode includes an anode current collector and a protective layer formed on the anode current collector. The anode may further include an anode active material layer provided between the anode current collector and the protective layer, or may be free of an anode active material layer. The protective layer may include a first polymer including a hydroxyl group and i) boric acid (H3BO3), ii) a hydrate of boron oxide (B2O3) and water, or iii) a combination thereof.

Abstract: Provided are an anode and a lithium battery including the same, the anode including a protective layer that includes a binder, wherein the binder includes a first polymer, which is at least one selected from fluorine-substituted polyamic acid and fluorine-substituted polyimide and includes a first functional group, and a third polymer, which is a product of a crosslinking reaction of a water-soluble second polymer and includes a second functional group, wherein the first polymer and the water-soluble second polymer are cross-linked by an ester bond formed by a reaction between the first functional group and the second functional group.

Abstract: An electrode structure, a method of manufacturing the electrode structure and a lithium battery including the electrode structure are provided. The electrode structure includes an electrode current collector, and a polymer electrolyte provided on the electrode current collector, wherein the electrode current collector contains nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), or zinc (Zn). The polymer electrolyte includes a cross-linked structure containing a repeating unit (A) derived from a first polymer and a repeating unit (B) derived from a second polymer, the first polymer includes a polymer containing a polar functional group, and the second polymer includes a polyurethane-based polymer.

Abstract: A binder, and an anode and a lithium battery each including the binder are disclosed. The binder includes a third polymer being a cross-linked product of a first polymer and a water-soluble second polymer, where the first polymer includes a first functional group and at least one selected from polyamic acid and polyimide each substituted with fluorine, and the water-soluble second polymer includes a second functional group, wherein the first polymer is cross-linked to the second polymer by an ester bond formed via a reaction between the first functional group and the second functional group.

Abstract: A lithium metal battery including: an anode current collector; a cathode; and a separator between the anode current collector and the cathode, wherein the lithium metal battery may include an anode active material layer between the anode current collector and the separator or may not include (e.g., may exclude or be free of) the anode active material layer, and the separator may include a porous substrate and a ceramic coating layer disposed on at least one side of the porous substrate, wherein the ceramic coating layer may be placed so as to face the anode current collector, and pores in the porous substrate may contain a gel-type or kind polymer electrolyte.

Abstract: An anode of a lithium battery may include an anode current collector; and an electrodeposition inducing layer on the anode current collector, the electrodeposition inducing layer includes a first carbonaceous material, wherein the first carbonaceous material is amorphous carbon and containing a nitrogen element, an amount of a nitrogen element among the first carbonaceous material is more than about 1 wt % with respect to the total weight of the first carbonaceous material.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic device and a method of controlling thereof. The electronic device includes a display, a communicator, a memory, and a processor configured to obtain a plurality of images corresponding to content being provided to the display, based on information corresponding to a preferred content of a user being obtained based on the plurality of images transmitted to a server through the communicator, control the display to provide a user interface (UI) for entering a metaverse space corresponding to the preferred content, and based on a user command for entering the metaverse space being input through the UI, control the display to display a screen based on data corresponding to the metaverse space received from the server through the communicator.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a lithium metal battery, a lithium metal battery including the same, and a method of preparing the negative electrode are provided. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector, and a protective layer disposed on the negative electrode current collector. The protective layer includes a first protective layer and a second protective layer disposed between the first protective layer and the negative electrode current collector. The first protective layer includes porous nanostructure particles, and the second protective layer includes polar inorganic particles.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a communication interface; a display; a memory configured to store a plurality of application image frames; and one or more processors configured to, based on a first output image frame that is output to the display and the plurality of application image frames, obtain frame information corresponding to background information and object information included in the first output image frame from information related to an application corresponding to the first output image frame based on that a number of the plurality of application image frames having a similarity to the first output image frame equal to or greater than a threshold value is equal to or greater than a threshold number, transmit a request based on profile information including identification information of the application and the frame information to a server, and control the display to provide video information corresponding to the request.

Abstract: An anode for lithium metal batteries, a lithium metal battery including the anode, and a method of manufacturing the anode for lithium metal batteries are provided. The anode for lithium metal batteries includes: an anode current collector; and a protective layer on the anode current collector, where an anode active material layer is disposed or absent between the anode current collector and the protective layer, the protective layer may include sulfurized polyacrylonitrile, and the anode active material layer may include a lithium metal and/or a lithium alloy.

Abstract: This application relates to an optical scanner having a mirror self-angle adjustment function, and a mirror angle adjustment method thereof. In one aspect, the optical scanner includes a mirror that reflects light and an electrostatic driver that pivots the mirror. The electrostatic driver includes a fixed electrode part having a plurality of driving electrodes, which are connected to the mirror and arranged in rows, and a plurality of fixed electrodes arranged in rows alternately with the plurality of driving electrodes and pivoting the mirror via an applied driving voltage. The plurality of fixed electrodes include a plurality of main electrodes to which the driving voltage is applied, and a plurality of additional electrodes. The plurality of additional electrodes are electrically isolated from the plurality of main electrodes, and the driving voltage is selectively applied to the plurality of additional electrodes.