Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate including first and second region, a bit line structure on the first region, key structures on the second region, each key structure having an upper surface substantially coplanar with an upper surface of the bit line structure, a first trench disposed between two adjacent key structures spaced apart from each other in a first direction, a filling pattern in a lower portion of the first trench, the filling pattern having a flat upper surface and including a first conductive material, and a first conductive structure on the flat upper surface of the filling pattern, an upper sidewall of the first trench, and the upper surface of each of the plurality of key structures, the first conductive structure including a second conductive material.

Abstract: A display device including: a substrate element including a base layer, a circuit layer, and a device layer, the base layer forming a plane defined by a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other; an encapsulation element provided on the substrate element to seal the device layer; a sealing element provided along edges of the encapsulation element to connect the encapsulation and substrate elements to each other; an optical element provided on the encapsulation element; a window element provided on the substrate element; an adhesive element provided between the optical and window elements to connect the optical element to the window element; and a filling element provided between the window element and the substrate element, wherein the filling element is spaced apart from the optical element and the adhesive element, and is overlapped with the sealing element when viewed in a direction normal to the plane.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel and a driving circuit chip. The driving circuit chip includes a signal bump and an alignment bump. The display panel includes a pixel disposed in a display area, a signal pad disposed in a non-display area and corresponding to the signal bump, an alignment pad disposed in the non-display area and corresponding to the alignment bump, a reference pad that is disposed in the non-display area, is spaced apart from the alignment pad, and does not overlap the driving circuit chip in a plan view, and a signal line disposed in the display area and the non-display area and electrically connecting the pixel and the signal pad.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel including a display area, an adjacent area surrounding the display area, and a bending area extending from one side of the adjacent area, an optical functional layer disposed on the display panel, a first protective member disposed in the bending area and spaced apart from the optical functional layer in a first direction from the display area toward the bending area, and a second protective member disposed to fill a gap between the optical functional layer and the first protective member, where a modulus of the second protective member is less than a modulus of the first protective member.

Abstract: A display device including: a substrate element including a base layer, a circuit layer, and a device layer, the base layer forming a plane defined by a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other; an encapsulation element provided on the substrate element to seal the device layer; a sealing element provided along edges of the encapsulation element to connect the encapsulation and substrate elements to each other; an optical element provided on the encapsulation element; a window element provided on the substrate element; an adhesive element provided between the optical and window elements to connect the optical element to the window element; and a filling element provided between the window element and the substrate element, wherein the filling element is spaced apart from the optical element and the adhesive element, and is overlapped with the sealing element when viewed in a direction normal to the plane.

Abstract: A display device including: a substrate element including a base layer, a circuit layer, and a device layer, the base layer forming a plane defined by a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other; an encapsulation element provided on the substrate element to seal the device layer; a sealing element provided along edges of the encapsulation element to connect the encapsulation and substrate elements to each other; an optical element provided on the encapsulation element; a window element provided on the substrate element; an adhesive element provided between the optical and window elements to connect the optical element to the window element; and a filling element provided between the window element and the substrate element, wherein the filling element is spaced apart from the optical element and the adhesive element, and is overlapped with the sealing element when viewed in a direction normal to the plane.

Abstract: A display device including: a substrate element including a base layer, a circuit layer, and a device layer, the base layer forming a plane defined by a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other; an encapsulation element provided on the substrate element to seal the device layer; a sealing element provided along edges of the encapsulation element to connect the encapsulation and substrate elements to each other; an optical element provided on the encapsulation element; a window element provided on the substrate element; an adhesive element provided between the optical and window elements to connect the optical element to the window element; and a filling element provided between the window element and the substrate element, wherein the filling element is spaced apart from the optical element and the adhesive element, and is overlapped with the sealing element when viewed in a direction normal to the plane.

Abstract: A display device including: a substrate element including a base layer, a circuit layer, and a device layer, the base layer forming a plane defined by a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other; an encapsulation element provided on the substrate element to seal the device layer; a sealing element provided along edges of the encapsulation element to connect the encapsulation and substrate elements to each other; an optical element provided on the encapsulation element; a window element provided on the substrate element; an adhesive element provided between the optical and window elements to connect the optical element to the window element; and a filling element provided between the window element and the substrate element, wherein the filling element is spaced apart from the optical element and the adhesive element, and is overlapped with the sealing element when viewed in a direction normal to the plane.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes: a display member including a base substrate and a plurality of pixels disposed on the base substrate to display an image, a window member disposed on the display member and including a transparent part through which the image is transmitted and a bezel part disposed between the transparent part and the display member and contacting the transparent part, and a filling member disposed between the window member and the base substrate and contacting the bezel part. The bezel part includes a first layer contacting the transparent part and a second layer disposed between the first layer and the filling member. The second layer has an opening that overlaps the filling member in a plan view, and the filling member is disposed in the opening.

Abstract: A display device including: a substrate element including a base layer, a circuit layer, and a device layer, the base layer forming a plane defined by a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other; an encapsulation element provided on the substrate element to seal the device layer; a sealing element provided along edges of the encapsulation element to connect the encapsulation and substrate elements to each other; an optical element provided on the encapsulation element; a window element provided on the substrate element; an adhesive element provided between the optical and window elements to connect the optical element to the window element; and a filling element provided between the window element and the substrate element, wherein the filling element is spaced apart from the optical element and the adhesive element, and is overlapped with the sealing element when viewed in a direction normal to the plane.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes: a display member including a base substrate and a plurality of pixels disposed on the base substrate to display an image, a window member disposed on the display member and including a transparent part through which the image is transmitted and a bezel part disposed between the transparent part and the display member and contacting the transparent part, and a filling member disposed between the window member and the base substrate and contacting the bezel part. The bezel part includes a first layer contacting the transparent part and a second layer disposed between the first layer and the filling member. The second layer has an opening that overlaps the filling member in a plan view, and the filling member is disposed in the opening.