Abstract: An X-ray tube includes a cathode, an anode, and a deflection device. The cathode and the anode generate an electron beam that is directed toward a target area of the anode to generate X-ray radiation through electrons of the electron beam impinging the target area. The deflection device controls the electron beam such that the electrons hit the anode at different focal spot positions. The deflection device provides gradual deflection for a stepless transition between monoscopic viewing and stereoscopic viewing. For monoscopic viewing, the X-ray radiation is generated from a single focal spot position. For stereoscopic viewing, the X-ray radiation is generated from two focal spot positions spaced apart in a first stereo-direction transverse to a viewing direction. The deflection device provides gradual deflection for a stereo focal spot position in a second stereo-direction, which is transverse to the first stereo-direction and the viewing direction.

Abstract: System for live 3D x-ray viewing comprising an x-ray source, an x-ray detector, a processing unit, a monitor and means for detecting viewer's eyes, wherein the x-ray source and the x-ray detector are arranged at a movable C-arm. The x-ray source comprises two focal spots, wherein a separation of the two focal spots is adjustable so that the image acquisition angle between the two focal spots matches the viewing angle between the two eyes.

Abstract: An apparatus (IP) and a method to generate temporally-aligned image frames for image-streams (LS, RS) in a multi-channel channel (CR, CL) imaging system (100). The apparatus (IP) allows reducing or removing temporal distance artifacts that occur when processing the frames into combined image material. The apparatus can also be used to improve signal-to-noise ratio of the frames. The multi-channel imaging system (100) may be a stereoscopic imager.

Abstract: System for live 3D x-ray viewing comprising an x-ray source, an x-ray detector, a processing unit, a monitor and means for detecting viewer's eyes, wherein the x- ray source and the x-ray detector are arranged at a movable C-arm. The x-ray source comprises two focal spots, wherein a separation of the two focal spots is adjustable so that the image acquisition angle between the two focal spots matches the viewing angle between the two eyes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to monoscopic and stereoscopic X-ray viewing. In order to provide an improved fluent work flow for X-ray viewing with an improved visual perception of depth information, it is provided to generate an electron beam from a cathode arrangement towards a target area of an anode; to deflect the electron beam such that the electron beam hits the anode at different target spots (94a, 94b), wherein the variation is provided as gradual variation of an impinging direction of the electrons such that a stepless transition between monoscopic and stereoscopic viewing is provided. In the monoscopic viewing, X-ray radiation is generated from a single focal spot position, and wherein in the stereoscopic viewing, X-ray radiation is generated from two focal spot positions spaced apart from each other in a first stereo-direction transverse to a viewing direction (92).

Abstract: The present invention relates to providing spatial information of a volume of interest of an object. In order to reduce complexity of a work flow in a hospital environment when X-ray imaging is used, an X-ray imaging system (10) for providing spatial information of a volume of interest (20) of an object is provided, wherein the system comprises an x-ray image acquisition unit (12), a display unit (14), an input unit (16), and adapting means (18). The x-ray image acquisition unit is configured to acquire a first image of a volume of interest of an object in a first projection direction and to acquire a second image in a second projection direction. Further, the display unit is adapted to display the first and the second image. In addition, the input unit is configured for a determination (22) of the second projection direction by an input of a user (24); wherein the user input comprises a change in a viewing-direction (15) of the user viewing the first image.

Abstract: The present invention relates to simulated spatial live viewing of an object. In order to provide spatial information to the user with reduced requirements concerning to maintain a particular position e.g. with respect to a 3D display or to wear or activate additional components, such as 3D glasses, it is provided to generate an electron beam (38) from a cathode (32) arrangement towards a target area of an anode (34) and to control the electron beam such that the electron beam hits the anode at a moving focal spot (44), wherein the electron beam is controlled such that the focal spot moves at least in a first moving direction (46) transverse to a viewing direction (48). Thus, X-ray radiation (42) is generated by the electron beam impinging on the moving focal spot. Further, it is provided to detect X-ray radiation at least partially passing an object and to generate respective X-ray detection signals.

Abstract: An X-raydetector (1) is proposed comprising a light detection arrangement (3) such as a CMOS photodetector, a scintillator layer (5) such as a CsI:T1 layer, a reflector layer (9) and a light emission layer (7) interposed between the scintillator layer (5) and the reflector layer (9). The light emission layer (7) may comprise an OLED and may be made with a thickness of less than 50 ?m. Thereby, a sensitivity and resolution of the X-raydetector may be improved.

Abstract: A system, apparatus and method are provided for measuring and removing the influence of pulsatility on contrast agent flow in a region of interest of a vascular system of a patient. Once the change of blood speed over the cardiac cycle is known (pulsatility), this influence is removed from acquired image sequence for outcome control such that “quasi-stationary”, regular flow acquisition is passed on to subsequent visualization and analysis processes. A contrast agent injector is also provided that simultaneously measures and uses ECG to inject a known contrast agent at a fixed point over the cardiac cycle or such that a known amount of contrast agent will arrive at a known time at a region of interest in the vasculature of a patient, thus controlling one of the main unwanted variables in an acquisition of blood flow sequences.

Abstract: A method for providing information about a spatial gain distribution of a scintillator for a primary radiation is provided which does not require the irradiation of the scintillator with the primary radiation. The method comprises the step of irradiating the scintillator with a secondary radiation for generating an image of a spatial secondary gain distribution of the scintillator for said second radiation. The spatial secondary gain distribution image corresponds to an image of the spatial primary gain distribution for the primary radiation. In an embodiment of the invention, i.e. in an X-ray imaging device where the primary radiation is X-ray radiation, the invention provides for an accurate calibration of the X-ray detector without irradiating the X-ray detector with X-ray radiation. Rather, irradiation with UV radiation as the secondary radiation provides the desired spatial secondary gain distribution image which can be used for calibration.

Abstract: A system and method of generating a template of at least one artifact for use in image correction is disclosed. An image containing the artifact is generated using at least two homogeneous exposures, each generated at a different detector operating temperature. The local variance of grey values at each pixel position in the image is calculated. Each pixel in the image is then classified. A binary image is generated based on the classification. The template is then formed based on both the binary image and the image data containing the artifact.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the invention, a radiation detector device (10) for detecting a primary radiation (6) comprises a scintillator (12) which generates a converted primary radiation in response to incoming primary radiation (6) and a photo detector (14) for detecting the converted primary radiation. The radiation detector device (10) further comprises a secondary radiation source (20) for irradiating the scintillator (12) with a secondary radiation (22) which has a wavelength different from a wavelength of the first radiation (6) and which is capable of producing a spatially more uniform response of the scintillator (12) to primary radiation. In an embodiment of the invention, the radiation detector device (10) is an X-ray detector of an X-ray imaging apparatus where the primary radiation is X-ray radiation and the secondary radiation has a wavelength between 350 nm and 450 nm. According to an embodiment, the irradiation with the secondary radiation, e.g.

Abstract: A method for providing information about a spatial gain distribution of a scintillator for a primary radiation is provided which does not require the irradiation of the scintillator with the primary radiation. The method comprises the step of irradiating the scintillator with a secondary radiation for generating an image of a spatial secondary gain distribution of the scintillator for said second radiation. The spatial secondary gain distribution image corresponds to an image of the spatial primary gain distribution for the primary radiation. In an embodiment of the invention, i.e. in an X-rayimaging device where the primary radiation is X-rayradiation, the invention provides for an accurate calibration of the X-raydetector without irradiating the X-raydetector with X-rayradiation. Rather, irradiation with UV radiation as the secondary radiation provides the desired spatial secondary gain distribution image which can be used for calibration.

Abstract: A system, apparatus and method are provided for measuring and removing the influence of pulsatility on contrast agent flow in a region of interest of a vascular system of a patient. Once the change of blood speed over the cardiac cycle is known (pulsatility), this influence is removed from acquired image sequence for outcome control such that “quasi-stationary”, regular flow acquisition is passed on to subsequent visualization and analysis processes. A contrast agent injector is also provided that simultaneously measures and uses ECG to inject a known contrast agent at a fixed point over the cardiac cycle or such that a known amount of contrast agent will arrive at a known time at a region of interest in the vasculature of a patient, thus controlling one of the main unwanted variables in an acquisition of blood flow sequences.

Abstract: A system (900), method (100, 200) and apparatus (600, 700, 800) are provided for analyzing a blood flow in a vascular system from a dynamic diagnostic observation sequence (101) to determine blood flow parameters (112) for further determination of filters, replay speed and finally visualization of the replayed original and filtered sequences. A first embodiment (100) extracts features of the observation and uses these features to select an appropriate model from a database of pre-determined models of vascular system of interest which have associated parameters. These parameters are varied to create an instance of the model that best matches the original observation. A second embodiment (200) visualizes a replay of the original observation (101) and the observation (101?) predicted by the model to highlight differences therebetween. A third embodiment (800) provides filtering and control of the replay speed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a display device comprising a cathode ray tube (1), the cathode ray tube having an electron gun (7) comprising a pre-focusing lens portion, for generating a pre-focusing lens field (22), and a main lens portion, for generating a main lens field (23). The electron gun (7) further comprises an additional grid (10), being positioned in proximity with said main lens portion, whereby a potent Vgx is arranged to be applied to said additional grid (10), for generating, together with one of the potentials Vfoc or Vdyn, an additional lens field in proximity with said main lens field, whereby, in operation, the main lens field and the additional lens field is arranged to cooperate to form an effective main lens field.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube includes a display for presenting an image, a deflection device, and an electron gun including electron-generating cathodes for generating electron beams. The CRT includes an electron beams controller for varying the trajectory of at least a first electron beam of the electron beams as a function of the intensity of at least the first electron beam, in order to compensate for changes in the convergence angle between electron beams near the display. The electrom beam controller is arranged between the electron-generating cathodes and the deflection device.

Abstract: A display device comprising a deflection unit and a cathode ray tube having an in-line electron gun. The electron gun comprises a main lens portion having means for generating a main lens field and an auxiliary field. Furthermore, the electron gun comprises a prefocusing lens portion having a first, a second and a third electrode for generating a prefocusing lens field. In operation, in a direction perpendicular to the in-line plane, the auxiliary field and the main lens cause the electron beam to leave the main lens substantially parallel to the in-line plane, whereby the diameter of the electron beam at a gap of the main lens at the anode side is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the aperture of the second electrode throughout the deflecton of the electron beam across the display screen. By virtue thereof, an improved picture reproduction can be obtained.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube (CRT) (2) comprising a display (4) for presenting an image, a deflection device (10), and an electron gun (12) comprising electron-generating cathodes (22a-c) for generating electron beams (14a-c). Said CRT (2) comprises an electron beam controller for varying the trajectory of at least a first electron beam of the electron beams (14a-c) as a function of the intensity of at least said first electron beam, in order to compensate for changes in the convergence angle between electron beams (14a-c) near the display (4). The electron beam controller is arranged between the electron-generating cathodes (22a-c) and the deflection device (10).

Abstract: A display device comprising a deflection unit and a cathode ray tube having an in-line electron gun. The electron gun comprises a main lens portion having means for generating a main lens field and an auxiliary field. Furthermore, the electron gun comprises a prefocusing lens portion having a first, a second and a third electrode for generating a prefocusing lens field. In operation, in a direction perpendicular to the in-line plane, the auxiliary field and the main lens cause the electron beam to leave the main lens substantially parallel to the in-line plane, whereby the diameter of the electron beam at a gap of the main lens at the anode side is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the aperture of the second electrode throughout the deflecton of the electron beam across the display screen. By virtue thereof, an improved picture reproduction can be obtained.