Abstract: The invention concerns a method for preparing phosgene from diphosgene and/or triphosgene, by reaction on a catalyst comprising one or several compounds with one or several nitrogen atoms with a pair of deactivated electrons. The invention further concerns a device for preparing phosgene from diphosgene and/or triphosgene, for implementing said method.

Abstract: Industrial methods for producing carbonyl dichloride consist of a two step process with reactors that are connected in series, an exact fine tuning of the reaction parameters and with a high degree of consistency with regard to reaction conditions. This results in a reaction being inefficiently carried out in instances of intermittent operation and decentralization By altering the catalyst, ever higher operation temperatures are required thus having an adverse effect on the quality of the product. Bringing chlorine into contact with activated carbon can induce the formation of tetrachloromethane. Other catalysts should enable the synthesis of carbonyl dichloride in a manner which is scalable, technically simple and, to the greatest possible extent, free of by-products.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the reduction of groups containing unsaturated C,C--, C,N--,N,N--,N,O-- bonds, especially of NO.sub.2 --,NO--,NOH--,NR--,CN--,N.sub.3 --,N.sub.2 -groups or C.dbd.C or C-halogen- or acyl groups with hydrogen on MPc or with a suitable reduction agent on [MPc].sup..crclbar., whereby a platinum metal-phthalocyanine is used as the catalyst. It is possible that by the reversible change (control) of the oxidation phase z of the platinum metal from z.gtoreq.2 to z.ltoreq.1 using the same MPc complex, basically different reductions can be selectively catalysed.Thus the invention concerns a process for selective reduction using platinum metal-phthalocyanine catalysts with reaction specificity in three different reaction patterns.The inventive process is suitable, especially for the synthesis of .alpha.-phenylalkylamines, benzylalkylamines, N-alkyl-amino carboxylic acids, .alpha.

Abstract: Selective reduction of compounds containing reducible nitro-, nitroso-, nitrilo-, oximes or double bonds is effected by the use of a metal macrocyclic compound in prereduced form, such as a metal phthalocyanine or a metal porphyrin.

Abstract: In the process for preparing an organic compound of the formulaA' -- Xin whichX is an amino group, a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group, andA' is the remainder of the molecule, from an organic compound of the formulaA -- Xin whichA is the remainder of the molecule which can undergo reaction to form A', by converting A -- X into a compound of the formulaA -- Z -- COORin whichZ is --NH--, --O-- or a direct C--C bond, andR is a radical of the formula ##STR1## IN WHICH Y is a direct C--C single bond, the --CH.dbd.CH-- group or an arylene group,R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 each independently is hydrogen, halogen or an alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl or cycloalkylaminocarbonyl radical, orR.sup.1 + r.sup.2 and R.sup.3 + R.sup.4 each independently completes a 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic ring, orR.sup.1 and R.sup.