Abstract: A refined fiber having an average length of 2 to 4 millimeter, a filler retention value of at least 18%, and a green strength value of at least 1.8 mJ/mm2 is described. The fiber is obtainable by a process wherein never dried yarn or sliver having a length of at least 1 meter is refined, by at least the step of feeding the yarn or sliver and a liquid into a refiner, which includes refiner fillings having a body surrounding a central hole, and at least one inlet for the yarn or sliver. Thus obtained fibrillated fiber may be used for making friction materials, gaskets, brake pads, or brake linings.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an apparatus for positioning a patient's head for producing a remote X-ray photograph of the skull of the patient. The apparatus includes a device for holding the skull, which is mounted at one end of a cross carrier which is connected to an X-ray diagnostics installation for producing slice exposures of the jaw of a patient. The skull holder contains ear button holders which are adjustable, as well as a nose support for positioning the patient in the skull holder. The apparatus also includes a device for mounting a film cassette, which device is adjustable in a direction towards the radiation source of the X-ray diagnostics installation. In order to be able to make reproducibile temporomaxillary joint exposures, the skull holder is mounted to pivot around a horizontal axis so that the head of the patient can be adjusted in various inclined positions with relation to the sagittal plane.

Abstract: An apparatus for supporting an X-ray unit in a vertically adjustable manner. The apparatus includes a frame having two posts and a carrier supported between the posts. The post are slotted and the carrier includes guide members received within the slots. The carrier also includes a counterbalance for supporting the carrier between the post. The counterbalance includes a support cable and force element.

Abstract: The invention relates to expanded synthetic calcium silicates, particularly of a kind having a white or other pure color.