Abstract: A composition suitable for use as dyeing or textile auxiliary and which comprises a mixture of acid esters of adducts of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with fatty alcohols having not less than 6 carbon atoms, at least one component of which composition is an acid ester of the formula ##STR1## wherein s is 3 to 10, p is 5 to 15,R is an aliphatic radical of not less than 6 carbon atoms; one of Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 is methyl and the other is hydrogen, andX is the acid radical of a low molecular aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, in particular maleic acid.This composition is used in particular as low foaming wetting agent and padding auxiliary for pretreating or dyeing cellulosic fibre materials.

Abstract: Diquaternary ammonium salts of the formula ##STR1## wherein A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are each independently of the other C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkylene,Q.sub.1 and Q.sub.2 are each independently of the other --NH-- or --O--,R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkoxyalkyl, each containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety,Y.sub.1.sup.1.crclbar. is the anion of a strong acid,Z.sub.1 is C.sub.3 -C.sub.24 alkylene which is substituted by hydroxy and may be interrupted by oxygen atoms andn is 1 or 2.are suitable for use as textile finishing agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous detergent composition comprising(A) an aluminium silicate and(B) a trihydric alcohol and, as optional components,(C) an anionic surfactant and(D) a non-ionic surfactantto the use of said composition for washing off dyeings obtained on cellulosic fabrics with reactive dyes, and to the preparation thereof.

Abstract: A composition suitable for use as dyeing or textile auxiliary and which comprises a mixture of acid esters of adducts of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with fatty alcohols having not less than 6 carbon atoms, at least one component of which composition is an acid ester of the formula ##STR1## wherein s is 3 to 10, p is 5 to 15, R is an aliphatic radical of not less than 6 carbon atoms; one of Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 is methyl and the other is hydrogen, and X is the acid radical of a low molecular aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, in particular maleic acid. This composition is used in particular as low foaming wetting agent and padding auxliary for pretreating or dyeing cellulosic fibre materials.

Abstract: Antifoams are described which contain p0 (1) an alkaline earth metal salt of a C.sub.10 -C.sub.24 -fatty acid,(2) a dialkyl ester of an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid,(3) a mineral oil,(4) a non-ionic emulsifier,(5) an anionic emulsifier and(6) an alkylenediamide,as well as liquid formulations containing such antifoams and their use in a defoaming method for aqueous systems.

Abstract: A process for dyeing textile planar fabrics made from natural or synthetic polyamides with anionic dyes by(a) locally applying a resist agent by itself or in conjunction with an anionic dye of fluorescent whitening agent,(b) subjecting the textiles to a heat treatment, and(c) carrying out ground dyeing with a dye liquor that contains a further anionic dye,which process comprises using, as resist agent, a melamine compound of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently phenyl or naphthyl, each of which may be substituted by halogen, hydroxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkoxy, Z is an acid water-solubilizing group, and m is 1 to 6.

Abstract: An assistant for dyeing or whitening synthetic nitrogen-containing fibre material, which comprises(A) a sulfonated polycarboxylate,(B) an anionic surfactant,(C) a nonionic surfactant, and(D) a water-soluble organic, polar solvent.The assistant is especially useful for dyeing or whitening polyamide fibres.

Abstract: The invention relates to foam inhibitors comprising(1) (A) a reaction product of a polyol, an anhydride of an aliphatic C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid and an adduct of a polyalkylene glycol and a fatty acid, or (B) a reaction product of a polyol, an anhydride of an aliphatic C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid, a higher aliphatic alcohol and a polyethylene glycol,(2) a dialkyl ester of an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid,(3) a mineral oil,(4) a nonionic emulsifier,(5) an anionic emulsifier, and(6) an alkylene diamide,to liquid formulations of such foam inhibitors, and to a process for defoaming aqueous systems with the aid thereof.

Abstract: An assistant combination for use as textile finishing agent, especially in a process for aftertreating wool dyeings, which comprises(1) a diquaternary ammonium salt of formula ##STR1## wherein Q is a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 2 to 12 carbon atoms which may be interrupted in the chain by oxygen atoms and is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy.R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently of the other an aliphatic radical of 6 to 24 carbon atoms,R.sub.3 to R.sub.6 are independently of the other lower alkyl, hydroxy-lower alkyl or lower alkoxy-lower alkyl,X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are each oxygen or --NH--,Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are each independently of the other C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene, andY.sup..crclbar.

Abstract: A process for aftertreating cellulosic fibre material using an aqueous liquor which comprises(A) a diquaternary ammonium salt of formula ##STR1## wherein Q is a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 2 to 12 carbon atoms which may be interrupted in the chain by oxygen atoms and is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy groups,R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently of the other an aliphatic radical of 6 to 24 carbon atoms,R.sub.3 to R.sub.6 are each independently of the other lower alkyl, hydroxy-lower alkyl or lower alkoxy-lower alkyl,X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are each oxygen or --NH--,Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are each independently of the other C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene, andY.crclbar. is an anion of a strong inorganic or organic acid, and(B) a polybasic nitrogen-containing polycondensate.

Abstract: A process is described for dyeing hydrophobic fibre material with unfinished disperse dyes from an aqueous liquor, which comprises dissolving one or more such dyes in water at a temperature of 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. by means of a surfactant or surfactant mixture with a hydrotroping or solubilizing action on disperse dyes, bringing the dye solution together with the substrate in a dyeing apparatus, then heating the dyeing liquor to the dyeing temperature and completing the dyeing at that temperature and then removing the substrate and restoring the exhausted dyeing liquor to the original composition by adding water, surfactant and dye and using it again for dyeing.

Abstract: Acid half esters of the formula ##STR1## or quaternary ammonium compounds thereof, wherein R is an aliphatic radical of 12 to 24 carbon atoms, one of Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 is hydrogen and the other is phenyl, one of X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 is hydrogen and the other is methyl, one of Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 is hydrogen and the other is the maleic acid radical or the phthalic acid radical, m.sub.1 and m.sub.2 are 0 or 1, s.sub.1, s.sub.2, p.sub.1 and p.sub.2 are integers, with the sum of s.sub.1 +s.sub.2 being 25 to 50 and the sum of p.sub.1 +p.sub.2 is 4 to 15.These compounds are suitable for a wide range of utilities in textile application. In particular, they are used as assistants for dyeing wool-containing fibre materials with anionic dyes or mixtures of dyes.

Abstract: Water-soluble or water-dispersible graft polymers which comprise (a) as main chain, a polyalkylene glycol, in particular polyethylene glycol, which is esterified at the two terminal hydroxyl groups with a long chain fatty acid of 8 to 26, preferably 10 to 22, carbon atoms, and (b) grafted ethylenically unsaturated monomers, preferably acrylic acid or acrylamide, in the form of side chains at individual carbon atoms of the polyalkylene glycol chain.These graft polymers are particularly suitable for use as anticrease agents for dyeing, whitening, bleaching or washing textile materials, e.g. textiles containing cellulosic fibres, natural or synthetic polyamide fibres, polyacrylonitrile fibres or, in particular, for dyeing or whitening cotton or polyester fibres.

Abstract: Water-soluble or water-dispersible graft polymers comprising i) as main chain, (1) a condensate of (A) (1) an aliphatic monoalcohol of 6 to 22 carbon atoms or (2) a fatty acid of 8 to 22 carbon atoms with (B) the reaction product of (a) an adduct of propylene adduct with at least trihydric aliphatic alcohol of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, (b) an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, or an anhydride thereof, and (c) an aliphatic diol having an average molecular weight of not more than 1800 and ii) grafted ethylenically unsaturated polymerisable monomers, preferably acrylic acid or acrylamide, in the form of side chains at individual carbon atoms of said condensate.These graft polymers are particularly suitable for use as anticrease agents for dyeing, whitening, bleaching or washing textile materials, e.g. textiles containing cellulosic fibres, natural or synthetic polyamide fibres, polyacrylonitrile fibres or, in particular, for dyeing or whitening cotton or polyester fibres.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for dyeing hydrophobic fibre material under HT conditions with unformulated disperse dyes from an aqueous liquor, which process comprises dissolving one or more such dyes in water, in the temperature range from 70.degree. to 100.degree. C., with a surfactant or mixture of surfactants which has a hydrotropic action on disperse dyes, feeding the dye solution into a dyeing apparatus which contains water heated to 70.degree. to 100.degree. C. and substrate, and subsequently heating the dye liquor to dyeing temperature, or dissolving the dye at a temperature of over 100.degree. C. under pressure by means of the surfactant or mixture of surfactants which has a hydrotropic action on the dye, feeding the solution into a closed dyeing apparatus which contains water heated to 100.degree. to 150.degree. C. and substrate, and, in both cases, carrying out dyeing in the temperature range from 120.degree. to 150.degree. C. with constant circulation of the dye liquor.

Abstract: A propylene oxide polyadduct containing carboxyl groups, or a salt thereof, obtained from(a) an adduct of propylene oxide and an aliphatic alcohol having 3 to 10 carbon atoms which is at least trihydric,(b) an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or the anhydride thereof having 2 to 10 carbon atoms or a mono- or di-lower alkylester of said dicarboxylic acids,(c) an aliphatic diol having an average molecular weight of at most 2,000,(d) a fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and(e) an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or the anhydride thereof having 8 to 12 carbon atoms; it is in particular useful as dyeing assistant for the dyeing of fibrous material made of or containing wool with anionic dyes.

Abstract: Water-soluble or water-dispersible graft polymers comprising at least 20% by weight, based on said graft polymer, of a hydrophilic graft constituent bonded to a carbon atom and at least one hydrophobic radical which is bonded to the graft constituent via a polyglycol ether chain, the polyglycol ether chain containing 2 to 200 ##STR1## groups. These graft polymers can be used individually, as mixtures or in combination with other active substances as, for example, antifoams, antistatic agents, builders, emulsifiers, padding assistants, wetting agents, paper deaerators, sludge dewatering assistants, textile assistants, greying inhibitors or detergents.

Abstract: Surfactant-containing compositions of(a) homopolymers of alkyl acrylates or methacrylates or copolymers of these alkyl esters with styrene or acrylic or methyacyrlic acid and(b) hydronaphthalenes, alkylbenzenes, alkanols, alkylene oxide adducts of polyhydric alcohols or maleates of aliphatic alcohols can be used as anti-foams and deaerating agents for aqeuous systems.As the surfactants, the compositions contain at least(d) an anionic surfactant and/or(e) a non-ionic surfactant.In addition to components (a) and (b), the surfactant-containing compositions can contain(c) hydrophobic silicone oils,(f) hydrophilic siloxanoxyalkylene copolymers and/or(g) hydrocarbon mixtures of paraffins and, if appropriate, naphthenes and aromatics.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous detergent composition comprising(A) an alkali aluminum silicate,(B) an anionic surfactant,(C) an aliphatic monoalcohol of 5 to 18 carbon atoms or a C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 fatty acid/alkanolamine reaction product or an adduct of said compounds with an alkylene oxide, or an adduct of a C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 fatty acid, a trihydric to hexahydric aliphatic alcohol or an unsubstituted or substituted phenol with an alkylene oxide, and(D) an aqueous solution or dispersion of a polymer which contains carboxyl groups.This detergent composition is used for washing off prints or dyeings produced with reactive dyes on cellulosic fibre materials.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions which contain a hydrolysed polymaleic anhydride, a complexing agent and a mixture of nonionic and anionic surfactants are suitable for use as assistants in the opening up of cellulose-containing fibre materials.