Abstract: The new vinyl polymer dispersions are obtainable by free radical polymerisation of olefinically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a cationic polyamidoamine which has been rendered hydrophobic, and can be used as sizing agents for paper which are distinguished, in particular, by their shear, electrolyte, heat and storage stability.

Abstract: Emulsion polymers obtainable by emulsifying a mixture consisting ofA) 5 to 95 % by weight of at least one monomer from the series consisting of acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, optionally substituted styrene, vinyl carboxylate andB) 5 to 95 % by weight of acrylic and/or methacrylic esters,the sum of components A)+B) being 100% by weight, in the presence of an aqueous solution or dispersion of an anionically modified polyurethane, preferably containing --SO.sub.3.sup.-Me.sup.+ and/or -COO.sup.- Me.sup.+ groups (Me.sup.+ =cation, preferably H.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Li.sup.+, NH.sub.4.sup.+ or a substituted ammonium ion), and subjecting the resulting emulsion to a polymerization initiated by free radicals.The emulsion polymers produced are preferably used as surface sizing agents for paper.

Abstract: Emulsion polymers which are prepared by free-radical polymerisation of monomers in the presence ofa) polymers of the formulae ##STR1## wherein the radicals have the meanings given in the description, and b) low-molecular anionic emulsifiers,are outstandingly suitable as surface sizes for paper. They are distinguished by a low tendency to foaming and by a wide application spectrum.

Abstract: Polymers obtainable by subjecting at least one monomer, polymerizable by free radicals, to a free-radical emulsion polymerization in the presence of a polymer of the formulae I and/or II ##STR1## in which M, n, R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, x and y have the meanings mentioned in the description, the use of the polymers obtained for surface-sizing of paper or paper-like materials and also novel polymers of the formulae I and/or II.

Abstract: Polymers obtainable by subjecting at least one monomer, polymerizable by free radicals, to a free-radical emulsion polymerization in the presence of a polymer of the formulae I and/or II ##STR1## in which M, n, R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, x and y have the meanings mentioned in the description, the use of the polymers obtained for surface-sizing of paper or paper-like materials and also novel polymers of the formulae I and/or II.

Abstract: Emulsion polymers obtained by emulsifying a monomer mixture of(A) 5-95% by weight of acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile and/or substituted or unsubstituted styrene and(B) 5-95% by weight of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid esters containing 1-12 carbon atoms in the alcohol group,the sum of components (A)+(B) amounting to 100% by weight, in the presence of an aqueous solution or dispersion of a water soluble or water dispersible, cationically modified polyurethane, and subjecting the resulting emulsion to a radically initiated polymerization. The emulsion polymers are preferably used as paper sizes or in paper sizes together with conventional additives.

Abstract: Cationic sizing agents for paper, obtainable by a process in which a water-soluble cationic terpolymer compound, built up in a chemically uniform manner, of (a) 7 to 40% by weight of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate and/or methacrylate, (b) 40 to 80% by weight of styrene and (c) 4 to 50% by weight of acrylonitrile, the sum of components (a) to (c) always being 100% by weight and at least 10% of the dimethylamino groups of the terpolymer being quaternized with monoepoxides, with the exception of epihalogenohydrins, and the remainder being protonated, is dissolved in an aqueous medium and, in the presence of 10 to 70% by weight--based on the following monomer mixture--of this emulsifier, (d) 5 to 95% by weight of acrylonitrile, meth-acrylonitrile or styrene or mixtures thereof and (e) 5 to 95% by weight of acrylic acid ester and/or methacrylic acid ester with 1 to 12 C atoms in the alcohol radical--the sum of components (d) and (e) always being 100% by weight--are emulsified and the emulsion thus obtained is sub

Abstract: A sizing agent which contains from 1 to 60 parts, by weight, of a fixing and sizing accelerating agent and from 0 to 80 parts, by weight, of conventional auxiliaries per 10 parts by weight of hydrophobic, cellulose-reactive sizing materials, the fixing and sizing accelerating agent being a polymer composed of linear or branched carbon chains, to which primary, secondary or tertiary amino and/or quaternary ammonium groups are bound directly or by side chains exhibits a thorough and rapid sizing effect, in particular in the better sizing of paper.

Abstract: Tub sizes for paper, containing aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic alkali metal, amine or ammonium salt solutions of copolymers of maleic anhydride and diisobutylene and, if appropriate, a vinyl monomer of the formula ##STR1## in which R designates H, --CH.sub.3, --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, --OR.sub.2, --OCOCH.sub.3, ##STR2## --CH.sub.2 OH or --CH.sub.2 --O--COCH.sub.3, R.sub.1 designates H or --CH.sub.3 andR.sub.2 designates alkyl,the anhydride groups of the copolymers being bis-esterified to the extent of about 3 to about 20 mol %, relative to the anhydride groups, with aliphatic monoalcohols having 1 to 12 C atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous solutions or dispersions of polyisocyanate addition products which contain about 2 to 300 milliequivalents per 100 g of solids of chemically incorporated ternary or quaternary ammonium groups and up to about 25% by weight, based on solids, of chemically incorporated ethylene oxide units, --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--, present within a polyether chain, the ternary or quaternary ammonium groups and the ethylene oxide units being present in an amount sufficient to guarantee the solubility or dispersibility of the polyisocyanate addition products in water, characterized in that the polyisocyanate addition products have segments incorporated in the polymer chain which correspond to the following general formula ##STR1## in an amount of about 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the above formula, but excluding the weight of R.

Abstract: New, highly effective cationic sizing agents for paper have been provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous solutions or dispersions of polyisocyanate addition products, which contain a quantity of incorporated sulphonate and/or carboxylate groups and optionally ethylene oxide units, --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--, incorporated in a polyether chain to guarantee the solubility or dispersibility thereof in water, the content of sulphonate and/or carboxylate groups being about 2 to 300 milliequivalents per 100 g of solids and the content of the aforementioned ethylene oxide units being up to about 25% by weight, based on solids, characterized in that the polyisocyanate addition products have segments incorporated in the polymer chain which correspond to the following general formula: ##STR1## in an amount of about 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the above formulas, but excluding the weight of R.

Abstract: New aqueous sizes, in particular paper sizes, are made available which contain(a) ketene dimers of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can be identical or different and represent hydrocarbon radicals having 6 to 30 carbon atoms,(b) amine-modified starch,(c) hydrophobic compound(s) which contain(s) one or more functional groups which are reactive towards OH groups within a pH range of 2 to 6, and(d) if desired further auxiliaries.

Abstract: Surface sizing agents for paper containing aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic alkali metal, amine or ammonium salt solutions of copolymers of maleic anhydride and diisobutylene and, if appropriate, a vinyl monomer of the formula ##STR1## in which R designates H, --CH.sub.3, --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, --OR.sub.2, --OCOCH.sub.3, ##STR2## or --CH.sub.2 --O--COCH.sub.3, R.sub.1 designates H or --CH.sub.3 andR.sub.2 designates alkyl, the anhydride groups of the copolymers being bis-esterified to the extent of 25-90 mol % with primary aliphatic monoalcohols with 1 to 12 C atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new copolymers based on maleic anhydride/.alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated compounds and characterized in that they consist of(A) 10 to 40 mol percent of the structural element ##STR1## (B) 40 to 80 mol percent of the structural element ##STR2## and (C) 10 to 50 mol percent of the structural element ##STR3## where the total of mol percentages of (A), (B) and (C) is 100 and whereR.sub.1 =hydrogen or alkyl,R.sub.2 =hydrogen, alkyl or optionally substituted aryl,R.sub.3 =a hydrocarbon radical having 10 to 22 C atoms,R.sub.4 =a hydrocarbon radical having 10 to 22 C atoms, andX=an oxygen atom or an NR.sub.5 group where R.sub.5 represents a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 18 C atoms.The copolymers in question are excellent active ingredients for sizing agents for paper and are suitable not only for pulp-sizing but also for surface-sizing.

Abstract: New monofluorotriazinyl compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can be identical or different and represent a hydrocarbon radical with 12 to 24 C atoms andX represents an oxygen atom, a sulphur atom or the group NR.sup.3,whereinR.sup.3 denotes hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 24 C atoms.In formula (1), the hydrocarbon radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 preferably represent linear or branched alkyl (C.sub.12 -C.sub.24), cycloalkyl (C.sub.12 -C.sub.24) or aromatic radicals with fused-on hydroaromatic systems with 12 to 24 C atoms. The hydrocarbon radical R.sup.3 is preferably one of the abovementioned substituents or methyl.The compounds of the formula (1) are suitable as effective components in reactive sizing agents for paper.

Abstract: The invention provides new sizing agents, in particular for paper, which contain chloroformic acid esters of ester alcohols and/or carboxamide alcohols.The chloroformic acid esters in question preferably have the following idealized structure:(RCOX).sub.n R'(OCOCL).sub.m (I)whereinX=an oxygen atom or an NH radical,R=an aliphatic, araliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 28 carbon atoms,R'=the radical of an (n+m)-functional alcohol or amino alcohol having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, where the functionality refers to the total number of OH and NH.sub.2 groups,n=an integer from 1 to 4, andm=an integer from 1 to 3.

Abstract: New products having excellent sizing action, in particular on paper are obtained by reacting .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids or their reactive derivatives (such as, for example, esters or anhydrides) with amide-amines of higher carboxylic acids at temperatures above 120.degree. C.The new products are used in size formulations, preferably as aqueous alkaline and, in particular, aqueous ammoniacal, dispersions.

Abstract: Low-foam surface sizing agents for paper in the form of aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic alkali metal, amine or ammonium salt solutions of copolymers containing carboxylic acid semi-amide groups obtainable by reacting copolymers of maleic acid anhydride and diisobutylene and/or terpolymers of maleic acid anhydride, diisobutylene and a vinyl monomer copolymerizing with maleic acid anhydride, with from 5 to 50 mole percent, based on maleic acid anhydride groups, of a primary aliphatic or aromatic monoamine. The solutions may optionally contain urea or derivatives of urea.

Abstract: The aqueous solution of a statistical terpolymer containing quaternized amino groups and having a regular chemical structure of(a) from 8 to 20%, by weight, of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate and/or N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate;(b) from 45 to 80%, by weight, of styrene; and(c) from 8 to 35%, by weight, of acrylonitrile;the sum of (a) to (c) being 100%, by weight, and at least 10% of the dimethylamino groups of the terpolymer being quaternized and the remainder protonated is suitable as cationic paper sizing agent.