Abstract: A large-scale coking reactor including a housing provided with a chamber and with outer and inner chamber frames, a displaceable outer door elastically compressed against the outer frame and formed with a respective elastic peripheral seal compressible against the frame and with an outer high temperature membrane interposed between the door and the seal and elastically pressed thereagainst to seal the door opening, a displaceable inner door spaced from the outer door and formed with an inner high temperature membrane interposed between the inner door and the inner frame to fit elastically the inner frame, the inner and outer doors being releasably interconnected upon displacing the outer door, so that the doors are mounted in the housing to be operatable either selectively or in combination with one another.

Abstract: According to the invention the heating system for regenerative coke oven batteries that can be heated with rich gas and/or lean gas or mixed gas is provided comprising vertical flues cooperating in pairs, each vertical flue being connected to a regenerator for preheating the air and, in the case of lean gas operation, for preheating the lean gas or mixed gas. High and low combustion stages, as well as structure defining an internal flue gas return at levels above a flue base are provided. Discharge openings are provided at at least three levels for supplying each flue. A base discharge opening is provided at the flue base directly connected to regenerators. Hollow communicating channels are defined for connecting the regenerators to discharge openings located above the flue base. The hollow communicating channels are preferably formed in each communicating wall connected to a discharge opening leading only to one adjacent flue.

Abstract: The method of reducing a nitrogen oxides content of a flue gas generated on firing of a rich gas or combination coke oven having a plurality of heating walls forming dual heating flues, in which a single stage or multistage combustion takes place, and also having a plurality of regenerators for recovery of flue gas heat and preheating of an underfiring medium, includes the steps of mixing one portion of the flue gas drawn from one flue of the dual heating flues with the underfiring medium, gas and/or air, prior to or on admission to the other flue of the dual heating flues, or a regenerator connected with it, and circulating another portion of the flue gas additionally inside the dual heating flues.

Abstract: NO.sub.x -content in a flue gas during heating of coking oven with heating trains cooperating in pairs, high and low lying combustion stages, and flue gas return at a height of a heating train sole in a circulating stream, is reduced by adjusting a circulating stream rate defined by a volume stream of a returned flue gas divided by a flue gas volume stream without returned flue gas to between 20% and 50%, maintaining a stage ratio for a stage number greater than or equal to 2 defined as an air volume stream of a lower stage divided by a total air volume stream, at between 80/I% and 140/I% wherein I is a number of stages, arranging an upper combustion stage at a height of (45.+-.10%).times.(I-1) of the heating train height.

Abstract: Coking system, wherein the coking blends particularly based on hard coal, are fed batchwise to a reactor (1), which is heated indirectly by heat recovery in regenerators (I, II) or recuperators, whereby the reactor is built as a high-capacity coking reactor (100), several high-capacity coking reactors are combined to form a reactor block and the high-capacity coking reactors are built as mutually independent modules, whereby each module can be operated or optionally replaced independently of the neighboring modules, with little or no impairment of the operation of the neighboring modules. The individual reactors are independently operatable in terms of statics and heat supply. The regenerators, or recuperators (I, II, R, R') can be arranged laterally or underneath the reactor chamber. Neighboring reactors can have a common intermediate wall (2). The reactor chambers have a width of at least 0.7 m, a height of at least 8.5 m and a length of at least 18 m.

Abstract: A clamping system for preventing detrimental tensile and shearing stresses in heating walls used for example as partitions in industrial furnaces, comprises clamping plates adjoining opposite end faces of a heating wall plate, yoke-shape beams facing each clamping plate and interconnected by cross tie rods, and pressing elements between the beams and the clamping plates. The bias of the pressing elements is adjusted so as to decrease from the center of the clamping plate towards the upper and lower edges of the heating wall plate, the material of respective clamping elements being selected such as to keep the interfering forces within the limits of 5 to 20% of the original clamping forces, the resultants of the clamping forces being directed to the marginal area of each clamping plate, and the roughness in excess of 2.5 millimeters between the clamping plate and the heating wall plate being reliably compensated.

Abstract: In regenerative coking ovens having vertical heating flues cooperating in pairs, high level and low level combustion stages and means arranged at the bottoms of respective heating flues to recirculate the flue gas, the following measures insure a substantially reduced generation of NO.sub.x contents in the flue gas: the recirculation current rate is between 20% and 50%, the combustion stage ratio is between 40% and 70% and the second combustion stage is arranged between 35% and 55% of the height of the heating flue.

Abstract: In order to preserve the quality of treated coking coal, the drying and preheating operation is performed in consecutive stages. For this purpose, a set of superimposed containers is provided with vertically oriented pipes for a heating medium, the pipes in each container having separate inlets and outlets. The bottom region of each container is further provided with horizontally directed pipes having separate inlet and outlet for receiving a pressure medium which is discharged into the bottom region of each container to produce a whirling bed of the coal. In this manner, the coal is preliminarily dried in the uppermost container, then additionally dried and preheated in the intermediate container, and heated to the desired final temperature in the lowermost container.

Abstract: In a coking operation where the heating medium is introduced into the furnace by way of a bottom fire box and wherein heat exchangers are provided for the waste gases, the waste gas is passed through a plurality of parallel channels serving as said heat exchangers and the useful portion of the total system available for such exchange is reduced when the coking time is increased beyond the time required at normal operation.