Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for obtaining a sub-resolution spatial information of a sample labeled with at least one type fluorescent label. The sub-resolution spatial information has localization information about the positions of fluorescent molecules of the at least one type fluorescent label in at least one spatial direction. The method acquires localization image data by employing fluorescence localization microscopy. The acquired localization image data is processed to obtain the localization information about the positions of fluorescent molecules of the at least one type fluorescent label in at least one spatial direction. The step of processing includes determining in each of the detected images of the series the positions of the barycenters of the detected fluorescence emission distributions from the single fluorescent molecules of the one or more fluorescent labels in at least one spatial direction.

Abstract: A total internal reflection microscope for epi-fluorescence illumination observations includes an objective through which an object to be observed is illuminated by an excitation illumination light at an angle to an observation axis of the microscope. The angle is adjustable to be within the range suitable for a total internal reflection observation. The microscope also has a source of collimated excitation light. An interferometer is arranged in the optical path of the collimated excitation light and is configured to produce an interference pattern. A focusing lens system focuses the interference pattern produced by the interferometer into the back focal plane of the objective. The objective and the focusing lens system image the interference pattern produced by the interferometer into the conjugated image plane of the objective, thereby producing excitation illumination light that modulated spatially in intensity in a plane orthogonal to the observation axis of the microscope.

Abstract: A total internal reflection microscope for epi-fluorescence illumination observations includes an objective through which an object to be observed is illuminated by an excitation illumination light at an angle to an observation axis of the microscope. The angle is adjustable to be within the range suitable for a total internal reflection observation. The microscope also has a source of collimated excitation light. An interferometer is arranged in the optical path of the collimated excitation light and is configured to produce an interference pattern. A focusing lens system focuses the interference pattern produced by the interferometer into the back focal plane of the objective. The objective and the focusing lens system image the interference pattern produced by the interferometer into the conjugated image plane of the objective, thereby producing excitation illumination light that modulated spatially in intensity in a plane orthogonal to the observation axis of the microscope.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for obtaining a sub-resolution spatial information of a sample labeled with at least one type fluorescent label. The sub-resolution spatial information has localization information about the positions of fluorescent molecules of the at least one type fluorescent label in at least one spatial direction. The method acquires localization image data by employing fluorescence localization microscopy. The acquired localization image data is processed to obtain the localization information about the positions of fluorescent molecules of the at least one type fluorescent label in at least one spatial direction. The step of processing includes determining in each of the detected images of the series the positions of the barycenters of the detected fluorescence emission distributions from the single fluorescent molecules of the one or more fluorescent labels in at least one spatial direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a device for the determination of the transfer of a sample substance in the production of biopolymer fields or biopolymer arrays onto the surface (4) of a specimen slide (3). The surface (4) of a specimen slide (3) comprises a conductive material (14) whose electrical connection to the feed device (1) via the sample liquid (12) serves as acknowledgement signal (8).

Abstract: The invention relates to solid supports for analytical measurement methods which are essentially composed of an inert solid support material on which hydrophilic measurement zones, separated from one another by a hydrophobic coating, where at least 10 measurement points are applied to the support per cm2. The invention furthermore relates to a process for producing the supports, and to the use of the supports in diagnostic methods, in research looking for active substances, in combinatorial chemistry, in crop protection, in toxicology or in environmental protection.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for fractionating and detecting proteins or protein samples of cellular origin, the proteins being contained in a separation buffer solution and the following process steps being performed:

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a device for the light-controlled synthesis of biopolymers on surfaces. In this process, patterns of individual sequences (20) are produced by the imaging of an arrangement (1) of electrically individually controllable light diodes (2) onto the surfaces.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for producing biopolymer fields (15) on support substrates (4), (14), where the biopolymers to be applied can be taken from one or more different biopolymer stocks. A multidimensionally movable capillary tip (1) of a capillary tube (2) is, for the transfer of extremely small liquid quantities to substrate surfaces (14), addressed via a miniature valve (5) serving for filling and a miniature valve (7) serving for rinsing of the capillary tube (2).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of depositing small amounts of liquid on a substrate (13) by using a pipette tip (1), which is connected to a flexible delivery line (2). Liquid is taken up by expanding the volume in the delivery line (2), and liquid is ejected by exposing the line to an impulse that is transmitted to the liquid contained in it.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for the micrometering of extremely small quantities of liquid for the production of biopolymer arrays. The sample liquids to be analyzed are supplied by means of a supply device (1, 23), which can be connected to a stock of rinsing fluid (24). A reversible electric voltage (10) can be applied to the supply device (1, 23), enabling the electro-osmotic flow which arises to be used for the transport of the sample liquids onto a detection field (18).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a device for the determination of the transfer of a sample substance in the production of biopolymer fields or biopolymer arrays onto the surface (4) of a specimen slide (3). The surface (4) of a specimen slide (3) comprises a conductive material (14) whose electrical connection to the feed device (1) via the sample liquid (12) serves as acknowledgement signal (8).

Abstract: The invention relates to an automatic pipetting apparatus, having a drive for moving a pipetting instrument from a source site to a target site, in which apparatus end stops (8-10, 14, 15), which can be finely adjusted automatically, for the movements of the pipetting instrument (1) generated by the drive are provided at the source site and/or the target site.

Abstract: In a laser-optical arrangement for producing signals by light scattering, obscuration or reflection, from flowing particles and/or groups of particles, which are recorded, as time-dependent voltage/current fluctuations, by means of a photodetector (9) via appropriate imaging optics (7,8,18), assignment to the degree of dispersion of the flowing system is based on a subsequent measurement (10) of the root-mean-square value, and, according to the invention, the sample stream (1) is separated from a transmitter (6,7,18) and a receiver (8,9,10) by an enveloping stream (4), and the transmitter side consists of an individual light-transmitting fiber (7) provided with a means for parallel or focused emergence of a light bundle having a diameter of the order of magnitude of the particles and/or groups of particles.