Abstract: The following method is to improve selectivity during metallisation of surface areas to be metallised on objects 7 having different plastics while not allowing the areas not to be metallised to be metallised: A) etching of the objects 7 with an etching solution; B) treatment of the objects 7 with a solution of a colloid or with a metal compound, the metal being a metal of Group VIIIB or IB of the Periodic Table of the Elements; and C) electrolytic metallisation of the objects 7 with a metallisation solution. The objects 7 are subjected to ultrasonic treatment during the treatment in a further method step following method step B) and before method step C) in order to avoid metallisation of at least one first plastic exposed on the surface of the objects 7 while at least one second plastic exposed on the surface of the objects 7 is metallised.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for preparation of a silver halide emulsion comprising providing an unsensitized emulsion, heating to carry out chemical sensitization of said emulsion, cooling said emulsion, heating said emulsion a second time to complete heat treatment.

Abstract: The production of copper phthalocyanine in accordance with German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,432,564 is improved by the process which is characterized in that the reaction product formed at 130.degree.-300.degree. C from optionally substituted phthalic anhydride, reaction products of optionally substituted phthalic anhydride with ammonia, or the dehydration products thereof, urea and, optionally, a catalyst is reacted with a copper salt and, optionally, a catalyst at temperatures of 150.degree.-350.degree. C and preferably 170.degree.-300.degree. C with the proviso that the catalyst is added either during the preparation of the starting material or during the reaction with the copper salt.

Abstract: The chemical yield and the space-time yield of copper phthalocyanine obtained according to the "baking process" is improved if urea and phthalic anhydride, or its reaction products with ammonia, or the dehydration products thereof, are fed in the liquid form to the reaction vessel.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for conditioning crude copper phthalocyanine pigment prepared in a solvent-free process which comprises kneading at a shear gradient of 300-20,000 sec..sup.-1 for 10 seconds to 15 minutes and with an energy comsumption of 0.4-50 KWH/Kg. of copper phthalocyanine, a mixture of1. 1.0 part crude copper phthalocyanine which has not previously been subjected to extractive boiling;2. 0.1-20 parts of a salt which is soluble in water or in aqueous acids or bases; and3. 0.3-5 parts of an organic or inorganic solvent or mixture thereof which does not have significant amounts of the pigment or the salt.

Abstract: The effluent produced in the production of copper phthalocyanine according to the usual methods, containing by-products of the reaction and copper and molybdenum salts is advantageously purified by bringing it to a pH of between 3 and 9 and separating off the precipitate. The precipitate can be added to the starting components of the copper phthalocyanine production.

Abstract: The conversion of the .alpha.-modification of the tetrabrom-8,8'-dihydroxynaphthazine into the .beta.-modification and the conditioning to a deeply colored, easily dispersible pigment can be performed in one process step by a salt kneading process in the presence of an inorganic or organic salt which is soluble in water or in aqueous acids or bases, of an organic solvent which does not significantly dissolve either the salt or the pigment and of an aromatic solvent.