Abstract: A memory programmable control with a processing unit, a program memory, input modules and output modules in which a memory is provided for storing a process image which is renewed in every processing cycle. The process image is an image of the signal states of the initial states of the inputs and outputs. During the processing of a control program, the processing unit does not work with the input and output modules, but exclusively with the process image. This increases the processing speed and prevents flutter of the outputs.

Abstract: Pyridine and 3-methylpyridine prepared by the catalytic reaction of acrolein or a mixture of acetaldehyde and acrolein with ammonia is recovered from the gas mixture formed by cooling the gas mixture and working up the condensate separated in the cooling. The gaseous mixture is first cooled to a temperature between 40.degree. and about 80.degree. C. and then cooled to a temperature between about 10.degree. and below 40.degree. C.

Abstract: Catalysts used in the epoxidation or hydroxylation of water soluble olefinic compound with hydrogenperoxide are recovered by separating the catalyst as a distillation residue, the distillation residue is introduced into an inert material which is in whirling movement, e.g., as a fluidized bed, the organic compounds contained in the distillation residue are burned with oxygen or oxygen containing gases whereupon the catalyst compound separated on the inert whirling material together with the portion of the catalyst compound which accumulates in the solids separator connected at the outlet of the reactor is dissolved in water and the solution obtained again used for epoxidation or hydroxylation.

Abstract: Pyridines substituted in the 2-position by an aromatic or heteroaromatic group are prepared by reacting an aliphatic aromatic or aliphatic heteroaromatic ketone with an aliphatic oxo compound having a carbon to carbon ethylenic double bond on the carbon atom adjacent to the oxo group and ammonia in the presence of a dehydrating and dehydrogenating catalyst at a temperature of about 250.degree. to 550.degree. C.

Abstract: Pyridines substituted in the 2- and 6-positions by an aromatic or heteroaromatic group are prepared by reacting an aromatic or heteroaromatic ketone having at least one reactive methylene group adjacent to the keto group with an aliphatic aldehyde and ammonia in the presence of a dehydrating and dehydrogenating catalyst at a temperature of about 250.degree. to 550.degree. C.

Abstract: Pyridine and 3-methyl pyridine are prepared by reacting acrolein with ammonia in the gas phase on a catalyst in a fluidized bed. The acrolein and ammonia are introduced separately in gaseous form into the reactor.

Abstract: Pyridines substituted in the 2- and 3-positions by aromatic or heteroaromatic groups are prepared by reacting an aromatic or heteroaromatic substituted ketone which has at least one reactive methylene group adjacent to the keto group with an aliphatic oxo compound having a carbon to carbon ethylenic double bond on the carbon atom adjacent to the oxo group and ammonia in the presence of a dehydrating and dehydrogenating catalyst at a temperature of about 250.degree. to 550.degree. C.

Abstract: 3-Methyl pyridine is produced by the catalytic reaction of acrolein and propionaldehyde with ammonia in the gas phase. There is used as the catalyst a highly dispersed aluminum silicate containing 3 to 30 weight percent aluminum oxide, a BET surface area of 200 to 800 m.sup.2 /g, a pore volume of 0.4 to 1.0 cm.sup.3 /g and a pore diameter of 20 to 100.times.10.sup.-8 cm.

Abstract: 2-Methyl pyridine and 3-methyl pyridine are produced by the catalytic reaction of acrolein and acetone with ammonia in the gas phase. There is used as the catalyst a highly dispersed aluminum silicate containing 3 to 30 weight percent aluminum oxide, a BET surface area of 200 to 800 m.sup.2 /g, a pore volume of 0.4 to 1.0 cm.sup.3 /g and a pore diameter of 20 to 100 .times. 10.sup.-8 cm.

Abstract: Pyridine and 3-methyl pyridine are produced by the catalytic reaction of acrolein and acetaldehyde with ammonia in the gas phase. There is used as the catalyst a highly dispersed aluminum silicate containing 3 to 30 weight percent aluminum oxide, a BET surface area of 200 to 800 m.sup.2 /g, a pore volume of 0.4 to 1.0 cm.sup.3 /g and a pore diameter of 20 to 100.times..times. 10.sup.-8 cm.

Abstract: Nicotinamide is recovered from the reaction mixture resulting from the hydrolysis of nicotinonitrile at elevated temperature by converting the nicotinamide into a melt while removing the solvent.

Abstract: Filter for separating solid particles from an oil in which a vessel is divided into three compartments by a pair of tube sheets, with a plurality of hollow mesh screen filter cartridges, having open tops and bottoms being supported between the tube sheets. Oil to be filtered is introduced into the top compartment and flows into the interior of the cartridge and is filtered by radial flow through the cartridge into the intermediate compartment. The oil flow washes solids from the screen through the open bottom and into the bottom compartment.

Abstract: A device for ascertaining the degree of compaction of beds of material with a vibratory compaction device as a function of the vibratory amplitude of the motion of the compaction device at selected frequencies is described. The amplitude of vibratory motion of a compaction device is measured at a fundamental frequency and at least the second harmonic of the fundamental frequency and a ratio of the measured signals is computed. The ratio or quotient of the two signals provides a representation of the degree of compaction of the material being compressed by the compaction device. The ratio or quotient may be utilized either as a direct indication to an operator of the degree of compaction or as a control signal in an automated servo control compaction system.

Abstract: Formaldehyde is prepared by gas phase reaction of methanol with oxygen in a fluidized bed of an oxide catalyst in which the arrangement of the particles in the fluidized bed provides a negative temperature gradient in the direction of gas flow.

Abstract: Catalysts for the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde are prepared having an MoO.sub.3 :Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 weight ratio below 10:1 by coprecipitating dissolved molybdenum and iron compound, mixing up to 90% of titanium dioxide with the coprecipitate, molding the mixture and finally calcining at elevated temperature.