Abstract: An x-y position detector is shown which comprises a pen and contact plate with a resistive layer formed thereon. Point electrodes are provided on the four sides of the resistive layer. The materials of the resistive layer and the pen are selected such that the pen is in reliable galvanic contact with the resistive layer. The resistive layer is hard and smooth, and permits easy motion of the pen.The resistive layer consists of carrier particles with a hardness of between 5 and 9 on the Mohs hardness scale, pyrolytically coated with carbon and embedded in a binder whereby the resistive layer is hard and enables easy motion of the pen. The surface on which the pen moves is formed by molding the resistive material on a smooth intermediate substrate.

Abstract: Contactlessly operating detectors which are accommodated in a casing provided with a window and which exploit the pyroelectric effect (FIG. 1) are being increasingly used for radiation and temperature measurement. In particular for applications in the infrared range of the spectrum, the manufacture of a suitable absorption layer causes difficulties in achieving the necessary adhesion properties. The absorption layer must have a high degree of adhesion and bonding brought about by gluing, soldering or welding. For this purpose it is proposed that the layer be very thin and comprise a chemically resistant, electrically conductive compound of metals and their oxides such as tin and tin-oxide or silicon and silicon oxide. In addition, these layers are characterized by a degree of surface roughness which is approximately equal to or higher than the wavelength of the radiation to be absorbed.

Abstract: A layer resistor element for use in a variable resistor has two resistance layers disposed upon each other on an insulating substrate, the lower resistance layer being provided with two comb-like sets of separating slots extending from opposite sides to form a meander-like resistance path, the widths and lengths of the meander turns varying in accordance with a given non-linear resistance characteristic. The upper resistance layer which is of a material of higher resistivity than the lower resistance layer covers the lower layer partly or totally and extends beyond the lower layer at one side thereof where it provides a path for a slider of the variable resistor.