Abstract: The invention relates to the identification of polymer materials on the basis of the fluorescence decay time of the intrinsic fluorescence of the polymer materials for definite sorting in a completely separated manner. The invention further relates to marking with fluorescent dyes, which, because of the specific fluorescence decay times of the fluorescent dyes, can further increase the sorting reliability by means of redundancy and can be used to identify particular batches.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for identifying plastics and/or the additives therein, wherein at least some of the plastic material is irradiated with light of at least one wavelength, at least some of the light reflected by the plastic material is detected and analyzed, and the plastic material and/or the additive therein is/are identified on the basis of the result of the analysis. The disclosed method utilizes a fluorescence decay time constant of the intrinsic fluorescence of the plastic material and, if applicable, of the additive(s) therein, which is determined on the basis of the detected light, and the plastic material and/or the additive(s) therein is/are identified on the basis of the determined fluorescence decay time constant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for identifying plastics and/or the additives therein, wherein at least some of the plastic material is irradiated with light of at least one wavelength, at least some of the light reflected by the plastic material is detected and analyzed, and the plastic material and/or the additive therein is/are identified on the basis of the result of the analysis. The disclosed method is characterized in that a fluorescence decay time constant of the intrinsic fluorescence of the plastic material and, if applicable, of the additive(s) therein is determined on the basis of the detected light, and the plastic material and/or the additive(s) therein is/are identified on the basis of the determined fluorescence decay time constant.

Abstract: The invention relates to the identification of polymer materials on the basis of the fluorescence decay time of the intrinsic fluorescence of the polymer materials for definite sorting in a completely separated manner. The invention further relates to marking with fluorescent dyes, which, Because of the specific fluorescence decay times of the fluorescent dyes, can further increase the sorting reliability by means of redundancy and can be used to identify particular batches.

Abstract: Organic systems having a light-absorbing unit and a unit causing separation of charges are described. Said organic systems efficiently separate charges induced by light and have high lightfastness.

Abstract: Disclosed is the use of azulene or azulene derivatives for coloring compounds selected from siloxanes and perfluorinated compounds, and compositions that contain azulene or an azulene derivative together with a siloxane or a perfluorinated compound.

Abstract: Cyanine dyes having optional sulfonic acid substituents on the aromatic nucleus have been developed for use as contrast agents for assisting in surgery and diagnosis, especially for simplifying the surgical removal of basal membranes of the eye, such as the internal limiting membrane (ILM), and for dyeing the lens capsule.

Abstract: Cyanine dyes having optional sulfonic acid substituents on the aromatic nucleus have been developed for use as contrast agents for assisting in surgery and diagnosis, especially for simplifying the surgical removal of basal membranes of the eye, such as the internal limiting membrane (ILM), and for dyeing the lens capsule.

Abstract: Disclosed are naphthalinamidinimide of formula wherein the substituents R1-R8 are defined herein.

Abstract: Organic systems having a light-absorbing unit and a unit causing separation of charges are described. Said organic systems efficiently separate charges induced by light and have high lightfastness.

Abstract: The reaction of aromatic nitriles with perylenetetracarboximides affords colorants which fluoresce strongly in the long-wave region and are of the formula in which one pair Q1 and Q2 or one pair Q2 and Q3, and optionally from 0 to 3 pairs Q3 and Q4, Q5 and Q6, Q6 and Q7 and/or Q7 and Q8, in each case in pairs, together form a heterocyclic ring the remaining Q1, Q4, Q5 and Q8 which do not form a heterocyclic ring are each hydrogen, and the remaining Q3, Q6 and Q7 which do not form a heterocyclic ring are each independently R5 or R6. R1 to R8 are each H, CN, halogen or optionally mono- or polysubstituted hydrocarbon groups. Establishing a suitable pH achieves a large Stokes shift in these colorants via the ESPT mechanism.

Abstract: Disclosed are naphthalinamidinimide of formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 independently from each other are hydrogen; or C1-C37alkyl; wherein—one to 10 of the CH2 units of C1-C37alkyl independently from each may be substituted by carbonyl groups; oxygen atoms; sulphur atoms; selenium atoms; tellurium atoms; cis- or trans-CH?CH— groups; acetylenic C?C— groups; 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-substituted phenyl radicals; 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-, 3,4- or 3,5-disubstituted pyridine radicals; 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5- or 3,4-disubstituted thiophene radicals; 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, 1,5-, 1,6-, 1,7-, 1,8-, 2,3-, 2,6- or 2,7-disubstituted 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, 1,5-, 1,6-, 1,7-, 1,8-, 1,9-, 1,10-, 2,3-, 2,6-, 2,7-, 2,9-, 2,10- or 9,10-disubstituted anthracene radicals; wherein one or 2 CH— groups of the CH?CH— groups, the naphthalene radicals and the anthracene radicals may be substituted by nitrogen atoms; —up to 12 single hydrogen atoms of the CH2— groups independently from each other may be substituted at the same carbon atoms by fluor

Abstract: A benzoterrylene of Formula (I): wherein at least one of the pairs R4-R5, R6-R7, R10-R11, and R12-R13 is a ring structure selected from the group consisting of Formulas A, B, and C: wherein Y1 through Y4 are each independently selected from O and NR16; and R1 through R16 are as disclosed herein. The benzoterrylenes are useful as lightfast colorants with high fluorescence quantum yields. Also disclosed are methods of making and using the benzoterrylenes.

Abstract: The present inventions relates to nucleus-extended perylenebisimides of formula (I) intermediates in the preparation of compounds (I) and processes for the preparation of those intermediates and also processes for the preparation of compounds, (I), and the use thereof as colorants.

Abstract: A method for the detection of substances contained on textile fibers or other natural or synthetic polymers is disclosed. The contained substances are identified with immunochemical methods, where the immunochemical reaction can occur on the fiber or polymer. The method is especially suitable for the determination of substances that can act as allergens.

Abstract: Perylene imide monocarboxylic acids of the general formula I ##STR1## perylene-3,4-dicarboxylic acid imides, perylene imide carboxylic acid derivatives and a process for the preparation of these compounds as well as their use, inter alia, as colourants.

Abstract: Oxindigo derivative (1 and 2) in which four to seven of the radicals shown are hydrogen and one to four of these radicals are a radical chosen from the group consisting of a carbocyclic radical, a heterocyclic radical, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl, --OR.sup.12, --CN, --NR.sup.10 R.sup.11, --COR.sup.9, --NR.sup.13 COR.sup.9, --NR.sup.12 COOR.sup.9, --NR.sup.12 CONR.sup.10 R.sup.11, --NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.9, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.9, --SOR.sup.9, --SO.sub.2 OR.sup.9, --CONR.sup.10 R.sup.11, --SO.sub.2 NR.sup.10 R.sup.11, --N.dbd.NR.sup.14, --OCOR.sup.9 and --OCONHR.sup.9, wherein two corresponding adjacent radicals can be combined to build up fused-on aromatic rings, in which R.sup.9 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl, benzyl or a heterocyclic radical, R.sup.10 and R.sup.11 are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.3 - to C.sub.24 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl or heteroaryl or in which R.sup.10 and R.sup.11, together with in each case one of the other radicals R.sub.2 to R.sub.

Abstract: Hydrazam imides of the general formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently of the other (a) hydrogen or nitro, at least one of which radicals being nitro, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are (b) one of the following radicals ##STR2## wherein B is ##STR3## and R.sup.5 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl or R.sup.3 or R.sup.4, in which case R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are bound to the compound of formula I in the positions a and b,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently of the other unbranched C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, and processes for their preparation and their use.

Abstract: Perylene hydrazide imides of the general formula I a process for the preparation thereof, the use thereof as detection reagents for carbonyl compounds, protonic acids, acylating agents and metal salts, and also perylene hydrazones II and bi- and tri-fluorophoric perylene bisimides III, the preparation thereof and methods of using them.

Abstract: A process for forming perylene-3, 4-dicarboxylic anhydrides by reacting a corresponding perylene-3,4:9, 10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride with a sterically hindered amine, as a base, at an elevated temperature.