Abstract: To coat several cap-shaped substrates simultaneously in an economical way with the same and high quality, several coating chambers are connected into a cap coating station by a symmetrical gas line system with a common gas generator and by another gas line system with a common vacuum pump. The gas lines have a cross sectional area Q.sub.A (x) and a cross sectional form Q.sub.F (x) which as a function of the distance x from the gas generator or from the vacuum pump are substantially the same. In this way, the same flow conditions are assured in all coating chambers. The gas line systems can be formed by precision pipes or by a stack of solid plates, in which gas ducts are introduced by boring or milling. Several cap coating stations, which are connected by suitable symmetrical gas line systems with a common vacuum pump and a common gas generator, can be combined to form a unit.

Abstract: A solid state electrode for the determination of sodium ion concentrations in solutions, with a solid state electrolyte having a high conductivity for sodium ions being provided as the sodium sensitive membrane. The solid state electrode and a reference electrode forms a sensor.The advantages of the sensor of invention are, in particular, high selectivity combined with economical production in thick-film technology. The sensor may be constructed in cylindridcal form.

Abstract: A plasma or photo-induced chemical vapor deposition coating process and apparatus are provided for applying thin dielectric coatings on planar, curved, and large area substrates. A plasma is generated in a tubular outer conductor. This plasma or the UV radiation occurring in the plasma passes through an opening into a reaction chamber. The opening preferably extends axially along the outer conductor and communicates with the interior of the reaction chamber. At least one component of the reaction gas is introduced directly to the opening or into the reaction gas is introduced directly to the opening or into the reaction chamber adjacent to the opening, bypassing the outer conductor. In this apparatus, the reactive deposition of a coating onto a substrate occurs only in the reaction chamber and below the opening from the outer conductor.

Abstract: A plasma or photo-induced chemical vapor deposition coating process and apparatus are provided for applying thin dielectric coatings on planar, curved, and large area substrates. A plasma is generated in a tubular outer conductor. This plasma or the UV radiation occurring in the plasma passes through an opening into a reaction chamber. The opening preferably extends axially along the outer conductor and communicates with the interior of the reaction chamber. At least one component of the reaction gas is introduced directly to the opening or into the reaction chamber adjacent to the opening, bypassing the outer conductor. In this apparatus, the reactive deposition of a coating onto a substrate occurs only in the reaction chamber and below the opening from the outer conductor.

Abstract: A sensor for monitoring hydrogen concentrations in gases, containing a solid electrolyte body, a detector electrode having a surface which is exposable to a gas to be monitored, and a reference electrode, in which the reference and detector electrodes make contact with the solid electrolyte, and the detector electrode contains a platinum metal or a platinum metal oxide. A method of making the sensor is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a planar glass substrate coated with a dielectric layer system in which the individual layers are formed by a chemical vapor deposition coating process. After the layers have been applied, the glass substrate is either drawn, compressed, or its surface enlarged until the coating layers are reduced in thickness. A planar glass substrate having a multiplicity of extremely thin dielectric layers can be fabricated according to this process.

Abstract: A sensor for monitoring hydrogen concentrations in gases, containing a solid electrolyte body, a detector electrode having a surface which is exposable to a gas to be monitored, and a reference electrode, in which the reference and detector electrodes make contact with the solid electrolyte, and the detector electrode contains a platinum metal or a platinum metal oxide.

Abstract: Diamond-like, transparent, clear and uncolored carbon coatings with low internal stresses are generated on substrates by plasma discharge from the gas phase. For this purpose, a hydrocarbon gas or a mixture of hydrocarbon gases and pure hydrogen is admitted onto the substrate to be coated which is at room temperature. Around the substrate an oxygen-free plasma discharge is produced by high-frequency excitation which is sustained by the gases admitted. The gases are excited, dissociated ionized and accelerated toward the substrate during plasma discharge.

Abstract: Metallic implants with a coating of hydroxyl apatite are described. Hot isostatic pressing permits pore-free compaction of the hydroxyl apatite layer and results in firm bonding of the layer on the metallic core. The surface of the layer is partially dehydrated by means of ion bombardment, and a bioactive layer for osteogenesis is produced.