Abstract: A head-mounted display device employs light field directional backlighting to provide three-dimensional (3D) pupil steering without mechanical adjustment while maintaining a compact form factor and performance. An example light field directional backlighting unit includes two substantially flat components: an array of light sources and an array of modulators (e.g., a micro lens array (MLA), a stack of transmissive display elements, a pinhole array, and similar ones). By digitally modifying the illumination pattern on the array of light source and pairing to the light field directional backlighting unit to an extra transmissive display element as the main display panel and one or more viewing optical elements, a light field created by the light field directional backlighting unit is moved in three-dimensional (3D) space to correspond to pupil shift without interfering with the display content.

Abstract: Head-mounted light field display with integral imaging and relay group.

Abstract: Freeform waveguide prism and use with head-mounted light field display with integral imaging and relay group.

Abstract: A head-mounted display device employs light field directional backlighting to provide three-dimensional (3D) pupil steering without mechanical adjustment while maintaining a compact form factor and performance. An example light field directional backlighting unit includes two substantially flat components: an array of light sources and an array of modulators (e.g., a micro lens array (MLA), a stack of transmissive display elements, a pinhole array, and similar ones). By digitally modifying the illumination pattern on the array of light source and pairing to the light field directional backlighting unit to an extra transmissive display element as the main display panel and one or more viewing optical elements, a light field created by the light field directional backlighting unit is moved in three-dimensional (3D) space to correspond to pupil shift without interfering with the display content.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a lightguide for conveying images to an eyebox. The lightguide includes a substrate, a diffractive optical element (DOE) configured to couple the image light into the substrate. The DOE has a spatially variable pitch configured to provide the DOE with a positive optical power. The lightguide further includes a grating out-coupler supported by the substrate for out-coupling portions of the image light from the substrate toward the eyebox.

Abstract: A method for rendering light field images of a 3D scene in an HMD using an integral-imaging-based light field display. The method includes providing integral imaging (InI) optics including a microdisplay, the InI optics having a central depth plane (CDP) associated therewith; providing an eyepiece in optical communication with the InI optics, the eyepiece and the InI optics together providing InI-HMD optics; sampling the 3D scene using a simulated virtual array of cameras so that each camera captures a respective portion of the 3D scene to create a plurality of elemental images; and displaying the image data on the microdisplay.

Abstract: Methods and frameworks for designing and optimizing of high-performance light field displays, such as integral imaging head-mounted displays, are disclosed. The disclosed techniques enable user-defined metrics for characterizing the performance and optimization of such systems. One design method relates to an integral-imaging based three-dimensional (3D) display system that includes an arrayed optics, an arrayed display device to produce a plurality of elemental images, a first reference plane representing a virtual central depth plane (CDP), a second reference plane representing a viewing window for viewing a reconstructed 3D scene, and an optical subsection representing a model of a human eye. The method includes tracing rays starting at the arrayed display device, through the arrayed optics, and to the optical subsection for each element of the arrayed display device and arrayed optics, and adjusting one or more parameters to obtain at least a first metric value within a predetermined value.

Abstract: Methods of rendering light field images for integral-imaging-based light field displays.

Abstract: Head-mounted light field display with integral imaging and relay group.

Abstract: Freeform waveguide prism and use with head-mounted light field display with integral imaging and relay group.

Abstract: Freeform waveguide prism with compound surface and use with head-mounted light field display with integral imaging and relay group.