Abstract: An embodiment of the invention is a method for recommending actions to be taken during resuscitation of a patient. Input signals related to the resuscitation are received during the resuscitation. The input signals are processed to generate output signals based on the input signals and predetermined criteria. The output signals are representative of the actions to be taken and are provided for further action.

Abstract: A resuscitation system includes a chest compression device to repeatedly compress the chest of a patient and thereafter cause or allow the chest to expand. The resuscitation system also includes a defibrillator to apply electric impulses to the heart, a measuring device for measuring at least one characteristics of the resuscitation process, and a signal processor for controlling operation of the chest compression device and/or the defibrillator. The defibrillator may be an integrated or external device working in a master/slave relationship with the remaining system.

Abstract: A system is provided for evaluating the probability that the outcome of an immediately following defibrillator shock will result in return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and for providing a decision support signal based thereon. The system includes electrodes and sensors, a module for measuring CPR and ECG related data from the electrodes and sensors, the ECG related data being measured and/or stored as ECG segments, an analysis unit connected with the module and adapted to calculate a property vector characterizing the condition of the heart from the ECG segments. The analysis unit is further adapted to calculate a probability indicator representing the probability that the outcome of an immediately following defibrillator shock will result in ROSC based on the property vector. The analysis unit is also adapted to generate a decision support signal relating to further treatment based on the property vector and/or the calculated probability indicator.

Abstract: Device to be used during chest compression in connection with CPR or for training, and more particular, a device for placement between the hands of a person performing CPR and the chest of a patient or manikin. The device is adapted to emit a sound when the chest compression is performed with a force that exceeds a predetermined value and optionally also emit a sound indication the intended frequency of the chest compression. Different mechanical and electronical embodiments are described, these includes an automatic switch that turns the electronic circuit on when the device is compressed and an embodiment having different predetermined forces depending on which side of the device is facing upwards.

Abstract: System and method for controlling insertion of a tracheal tube in a patient, comprising at least two electrodes adapted to be coupled to the patients chest for providing impedance measurements, a measuring instrument for performing the impedance measurement, said instrument also being provided with storage means for storing a first data set representing chosen characteristics of the impedance change during a first measurement, and evaluation means for comparing the first data set with a second data set representing the characteristics of a second impedance measurement, for evaluating the difference between said measurements and providing an evaluation signal, said first and second data sets representing impedance variations measured during lung inflation with and without an inserted tracheal tube.

Abstract: Method and system for monitoring the ventilation of a patient, especially during chest compressions, comprising the steps of: essentially continuously measuring the impedance in the patients chest using at least two electrodes coupled to the patients chest, said impedance measurements being performed by applying an alternating current or voltage to at least two of said electrodes and measuring the impedance between at least two of said electrodes, measuring chosen parameters affecting said impedance measurements, e.g. chest compressions, and analyzing the impedance measurements for detection and characterizing of impedance variations from ventilations, said analysis including the removal of the effects said chosen parameters.

Abstract: A system for reducing signal disturbances in ECG, which disturbances are caused by cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The system includes a measuring device for measuring one or more signals derived from parameters such as compression depth, lung inflation etc. as a result of CPR. The parameter signals form one or more reference signals that correlate with the signal disturbances. One or more adaptive filters filter the signals out from the signal that constitutes the ECG signals so as to remove disturbances caused by CPR.

Abstract: A system for measuring and analyzing CPR parameters for use with and by an external defibrillator, where a pressure sensitive electrode is connected to a defibrillator, in addition to the standard electrodes of the defibrillator. The information from the pressure sensitive electrode, together with information derived from modulation of the impedance of the thorax, measured by the defibrillator, describes the quality of the CPR performed, and is used to generate voice messages that increase the quality and the effectiveness of the CPR. The defibrillator may in addition be equipped with a transmission device that sets up a radio connection with an emergency center. The emergency center is equipped with a display unit that shows the activities at the resuscitation site.

Abstract: A system for communication between sensors in training equipment and electrodes for a defibrillator (AED) or a defibrillator-trainer (AED-T) provides for determining electrode positioning and providing feedback to the user. The training equipment is provided with a non-conductive chest skin, and the communication is wireless and bi-directional. The information from the manikin is generated by a microprocessor with a digital-analog converter. The information signal is transmitted to the sensors in the manikin by use of drivers, which sensors each constitute one half of a non-galvanic coupling, in which the chest skin separates the halves, and the other halves of the non-galvanic couplings are formed by electrodes that are attached to the chest skin, the non-galvanic coupling being in the form of capacitors or coils.

Abstract: A system for measuring parameters during chest compression in a life-saving situation or a practice situation is provided, in which a pressure pad containing e.g. an accelerometer and a force activated switch (SW), as well as a calculation unit (B), is positioned on a patients chest, alternatively on or inside a manikin's chest, in order to register parameters such as depression distance, duration or rate of depressions during chest compression.

Abstract: A system for detecting an electrode position for a defibrillator on a manikin includes electrical conductive faces that are provided in hidden positions under the manikin skin in locations that correspond to correct and incorrect positions for placement of the defibrillator respectively, and which constitute the respective halves of a capacitor. The faces are connected to a first and a second oscillator respectively, which oscillators emit two different frequencies. A position indicator may be arranged inside the manikin, which indicator will give notification to the user by the use of light sources, e.g., light emitting diodes that shine through the manikin skin, or by activation of a sound signal. A signal analyzing device judges the correctness of the electrode positions via output from the oscillators.