Abstract: A sputtering source is described. The sputtering source includes a backing support having a target receiving surface and a further surface opposing the target receiving surface, and at least one magnet assembly provided adjacent the further surface, wherein the target receiving surface of the backing support has at least one recess, wherein the recess is provided opposite to the magnet assembly.

Abstract: An evaporation crucible is described. The evaporation crucible (100; 300; 400; 500) includes: an electrically conductive body (120) and a cover (150; 550); the body having a first electrical connection (162) and a second electrical connection (164) for applying a heating current through the body, the body includes a chamber (130) providing a melting-evaporation area, the chamber including a chamber bottom and a chamber wall, wherein the cover forms an enclosure with the chamber; a feeding opening (134; 430) for feeding a material; and a distributor orifice (170; 571, 572) providing a vapor outlet of the enclosure.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for the treatment of tumors and/or for immune suppression and/or sepsis by modulating the association of the glycolysis enzyme complex/M2-PK and/or by inhibition of transaminases and/or separation of the binding of the malate dehydrogenase to p36 comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising a substance selected from the group consisting of amino acids, amino acid analogs, sugar phosphates, sugar phosphate analogs, and mixtures of said substances.

Abstract: An evaporation crucible is described. The evaporation crucible (100; 300; 400; 500) includes: an electrically conductive body (120) and a cover (150; 550); the body having a first electrical connection (162) and a second electrical connection (164) for applying a heating current through the body, the body includes a chamber (130) providing a melting-evaporation area, the chamber including a chamber bottom and a chamber wall, wherein the cover forms an enclosure with the chamber; a feeding opening (134; 430) for feeding a material; and a distributor orifice (170; 571, 572) providing a vapor outlet of the enclosure.

Abstract: An electrode arrangement for the plasma-aided coating of a substrate (3) with a layer of material comprising at least one first and a second material component and for the production of a plasma discharge, more especially an arc discharge (35), having an anode arrangement (5), which provides the first material component at an anode material surface (13) for evaporation, and a cathode arrangement (7), which provides the second material component at a cathode material surface (25). The electrode arrangement is characterized in that the cathode material surface (25) is constituted by an evaporation-active part (27) supporting the plasma discharge (35) and an evaporation-inactive part (41) not supporting the plasma discharge. Preferably, a motion-producing means (49) is provided for moving the evaporation-inactive part (41) over the cathode material surface (25) in order to reduce deposit of material due to he first material component on the cathode material surface (25).

Abstract: The invention relates to a cathodic sputtering apparatus (8) for coating substrates (17) in a vacuum, comprising an essentially tubular support for the material to be sputtered (2) which is rotatable about its longitudinal axis, a cooling system which is suitable for circulating a cooling medium in the tubular support (2) in conjunction with a cooling device external to the support (2), a device for connecting to an electrical power circuit, and a device for the rotary drive of the tubular support about its longitudinal axis. This apparatus also is provided with a magnet system which extends along the axis for the magnetic confinement of a plasma which is provided near a target made of the material to be sputtered, the magnet system being composed of pole shoes (9, 10), magnet yokes (12, 13) made of magnetically permeable metal, and magnetization means (5) which are suitable for generating a magnetic flux in the magnet system.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for the treatment of tumors and/or for immune suppression and/or sepsis by modulating the association of the glycolysis enzyme complex/M2-PK and/or by inhibition of transaminases and/or separation of the binding of the malate dehydrogenase to p36 comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising a substance selected from the group consisting of amino acids, amino acid analogs, sugar phosphates, sugar phosphate analogs, and mixtures of said substances.

Abstract: The coated multilayer structure comprising a polymeric base layer, an inorganic oxide gas barrier layer on a surface of the polymeric base layer, and a top coat on the inorganic oxide gas barrier layer, the top coat comprising a soluble compound capable of reducing the permeability of the multilayer structure to gas or vapor. A method for enhancing the gas or vapor barrier properties of a multilayer polymeric/inorganic oxide structure is also disclosed. According to one embodiment, SiOx coated polyethylene terephthalate containers are coated with a gas or vapor barrier enhancing top coat.

Abstract: A coating for a synthetic material substrate having at least one layer of a material, in which the absorption of light in the visible range is negligible, wherein the synthetic material substrate is a three-dimensional hollow body and the layer of the material has a thickness a wherein 0.5 a<a<b applies and b is the thickness of a layer of the same material at which the transmission of white light is 0.1% to 0.2%, wherein the coating provides a barrier against gases or vapors.

Abstract: The coated multilayer structure comprising a polymeric base layer, an inorganic oxide gas barrier layer on a surface of the polymeric base layer, and a top coat on the inorganic oxide gas barrier layer, the top coat comprising a soluble compound capable of reducing the permeability of the multilayer structure to gas or vapor. A method for enhancing the gas or vapor barrier properties of a multilayer polymeric/inorganic oxide structure is also disclosed. According to one embodiment, SiOx coated polyethylene terephthalate containers are coated with a gas or vapor barrier enhancing top coat.

Abstract: The coated multilayer structure comprising a polymeric base layer, an inorganic oxide gas barrier layer on a surface of the polymeric base layer, and a top coat on the inorganic oxide gas barrier layer, the top coat comprising a soluble compound capable of reducing the permeability of the multilayer structure to gas or vapor. A method for enhancing the gas or vapor barrier properties of a multilayer polymeric/inorganic oxide structure is also disclosed. According to one embodiment, SiOx coated polyethylene terephthalate containers are coated with a gas or vapor barrier enhancing top coat.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production on a substrate of gas- and liquid-impermeable layers, which have a relatively high elasticity. This elasticity is attained through the inclusion of carbon in a layer comprised of a metal or semiconductor oxide. In order to attain such an inclusion, a metal or semiconductor is ionized by means of an arc discharge. Subsequently, a reactive gas, for example O2, is introduced, with which the ionized metal or the ionized semiconductor forms an oxide. In addition, a carbon-containing gas is added, which releases its carbon such that on the substrate an oxide layer is formed, in which carbon is included.

Abstract: In an air lock for continuous introduction into and/or removal of workpieces from spaces (1, 4) separated atmospherically, the individual substrates (3, 13) are transported through a transfer channel (24). At least one lock chamber (7a-7m) serving to accommodate the substrates (3, 13) is arranged movably in the transfer channel (24). During the substrate transport in the transfer channel (24), the lock chamber (7a-7m) is atmospherically separated both from the exterior (1) having normal pressure and from the coating chamber (4). The air lock (2) includes a carrousel lock which has a carrousel housing (24) and a lock chamber wheel (10). On the periphery in the lock chamber wheel (10) individual lock chambers (7a-7m) are provided, in which the workpieces (3, 13) to be brought into the chamber to be loaded (4) are inserted freely accessible on the normal pressure side.

Abstract: In an air lock for continuous introduction into and/or removal of workpieces from spaces (1,4) separated atmospherically, the individual substrates (3,13) are transported through a transfer channel (24). At least one lock chamber (7a-7m) serving to accommodate the substrates (3,13) is arranged movably in the transfer channel (24). During the substrate transport in the transfer channel (24), the lock chamber (7a-7m) is atmospherically separated both from the exterior (1) having normal pressure and from the coating chamber (4). The air lock (2) includes a carrousel lock which has a carrousel housing (24) and a lock chamber wheel (10). On the periphery in the lock chamber wheel (10) individual lock chambers (7a-7m) are provided, in which the workpieces (3,13) to be brought into the chamber to be loaded (4) are inserted freely accessible on the normal pressure side.

Abstract: For coating substrates (17,18,20,21,22) in a vacuum-coating chamber (2) the substrates are introduced by an air lock into the coating chamber (2) and moved along a transport path in front of the coating sources (50a,b,c,d) producing a coating cloud. To this end, the substrates (17,18,20,21,22) are led past the coating sources (50a,b,c,d) by means of holding devices (24) arranged movably on a transport belt (9) during at least two successive coating phases. During the one coating phase, the substrates (17,18,20,21,22) are oriented along one transport direction T.sub.3 oriented towards the coating sources (50a,b,c,d) such that essentially the substrate bottom of the cylindrical substrate is coated. During the subsequent second coating phase, the substrates are oriented in front of the coating sources (50a,b,c,d) in a direction T.sub.4 opposite the transport direction T.sub.3, wherein the substrates (17,18,20,21,22) are oriented such that essentially the cylindrical side surface is coated.

Abstract: Apparatus for dewatering a fiber web between the wire section and the drying section of the paper machine and for supporting the web between those sections. A first and a second spaced apart long-nip press with a transfer belt conducting the web between the presses. A first dewatering belt carries the web through the first press. A second dewatering belt carries the web through the second press. Both the first dewatering belt and the transfer belt contact one of the top and bottom sides of the web. Both the second dewatering belt and an additional transfer belt for transferring the web to the following drying section from the second press contact the other of the top and bottom sides of the web. The first and second long-nip presses are inverted with reference to each other. There may be an additional transfer belt from the wire section or into the drying section.

Abstract: In order to independently influence the dewatering performance of a wet forming section of a paper machine as well as the quality of a web produced by the machine, a paper machine head box is mounted on a swiveling device adapted to move a nozzle of the head box around a periphery of a forming cylinder. Two continuous-loop forming wires wrap about the forming cylinder and pulp is discharged through the nozzle into a gap formed by the two wires. A method of operation of the wet forming section includes the step of swiveling both the head box nozzle and an inlet roll (upon which one of the wires is wrapped) around the forming cylinder in a circular arc.

Abstract: In a papermaking machine, the drying section includes a vacuum based system which serves to guide the web and supporting felt (15) from a first drying cylinder (11) to a transfer vacuum roller (10), which has perforations (13) through which a vacuum is communicated into the interior of the roller 10 from of an external suction box (14). The suction box (14) includes lengthwise extending sealing strips (28, 29) located adjacent and bounding the free circumferential surface of the transfer roller (10), which is not overlapped by the felt of the drying section. The sealing strips extend from the suction box 14 to the roller mantel (10a) of the roller 10. These strips are further designed in the style of a doctor blade and are flexibly mounted on the suction box (14) so that they are flexible and biased against the roller 10 by spring action. They extend approximately tangentially to the surface of the roller mantel (10a), contacting it gently.

Abstract: A coating material to be evaporated in an evaporator cell disposed in a vacuum chamber is fed in the form of a wire to the evaporator cell in accordance with the depth of the molten bath, by a wire transport including a motor-driven shaft or roller and a counter-roller mounted on a movably journaled lever which in turn is movable via an electromagnetic actuator against the force of a spring means. A wire feed tube is arranged between the wire transport which draws fusible wire from a remote supply and feeds it to the evaporator boat where the wire is evaporated for coating a band-type substrate. The feed tube has a straight section which receives the wire concentrically from the transport and a gooseneck section toward said evaporator boat which twice deflects the wire to provide three points of contact with the inner wall of the tube, thus accurately positioning the wire while preventing clogging of the outlet orifice.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vacuum coating installation comprising a container (9) in which is disposed the material (10) to be vaporized, for example SiO. The vaporization of the material (10) herein takes place by means of an electron beam gun (11) or by means of a vaporization oven. Opposing the surface of the material to be vaporized (10) is provided a synthetic film (5) to be coated which is transported further by means of a transport arrangement (4, 6, 22 to 27). Into the space between the material (10) to be vaporized and the material (5) to be coated a microwave is irradiated from an horn antenna (13).