Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) a salt of formula 1 wherein: X? is an anion with a single negative charge; and (b) a steroid 2, processes for preparing such pharmaceutical composition, and their use in the treatment of respiratory complaints.

Abstract: A compound of formula 1 wherein: A is a group selected from X? is an anion with a single negative charge; R1 and R2 are each independently a C1-C4-alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy or halogen; and R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are each independently hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkyloxy, hydroxy, CF3, CN, NO2, or halogen, with the proviso that at least one of the groups R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 is not hydrogen, processes for preparing these compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and their use as pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microscope having an optics system which represents an object on an image sensor and a screen that shows the image data provided by the image sensor and which is the only output medium for visually observing the object, wherein the representation capability of the optics system and the resolution (A) of the image sensor complies with the following correlation: F×N/M=0.5 A, wherein F indicates a factor, N indicates the numerical aperture of the optics systems, M is the magnification factor and A indicates the resolution of the image sensor in pixels per millimeter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new anticholinergics of general formula 1 wherein A, X?, and the groups R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 may have the meanings given in the claims and in the specification, processes for preparing them and their use as pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Fluorenecarboxylic acid esters of general formula 1 wherein X? and the groups A, R, R1, R2, R3, R3?, R4, and R4? have the meanings given in the claims and in the specification, processes for the manufacture thereof and the use thereof as medicaments.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) a salt of formula 1 wherein: X? is an anion with a single negative charge; and (b) a betamimetic 2, or a solvate or hydrate thereof, optionally in the form of the enantiomers, mixtures of the enantiomers, or in the form of the racemates thereof, processes for preparing them and their use in the treatment of respiratory complaints.

Abstract: Xanthenecarboxylates of formula 1 wherein: A is a group selected from X? is an anion with a single negative charge; R is hydroxy, methyl, hydroxymethyl, ethyl, —CF3, —CHF2, or fluorine; R1 and R2, which are identical or different, are each C1-C5-alkyl which is optionally substituted by C3-C6-cycloalkyl, hydroxy, or halogen, or R1 and R2 together denote a —C3-C5-alkylene-bridge; and R3, R4, R3?, and R4?, which are identical or different, are each hydrogen, —C1-C4-alkyl, —C4-alkyloxy, hydroxy, —CF3, —CHF2, —CN, —NO2, or halogen, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, processes for preparing, them and their use in pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new industrially useable process for preparing tropenol, optionally in the form of the acid addition salts thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microscope having an optics system which represents an object on an image sensor and a screen that shows the image data provided by the image sensor and which is the only output medium for visually observing the object, wherein the representation capability of the optics system and the resolution (A) of the image sensor complies with the following correlation: F×N/M=0.5 A, wherein F indicates a factor, N indicates the numerical aperture of the optics systems, M is the magnification factor and A indicates the resolution of the image sensor in pixels per millimeter.

Abstract: Fluorenecarboxylic acid esters of general formula 1 wherein X? and the groups A, R, R1, R2, R3, R3?, R4, and R4? have the meanings given in the claims and in the specification, processes for the manufacture thereof and the use thereof as medicaments.

Abstract: Fluorenecarboxylic acid esters of general formula 1 wherein X? and the groups A, R, R1, R2, R3, R3?, R4, and R4? have the meanings given in the claims and in the specification, processes for the manufacture thereof and the use thereof a medicaments.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) a salt of formula 1 wherein: X? is an anion with a single negative charge; and (b) a steroid 2, processes for preparing such pharmaceutical composition, and their use in the treatment of respiratory complaints.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) a salt of formula 1 ?wherein: X? is an anion with a single negative charge; and (b) a steroid 2, processes for preparing such pharmaceutical composition, and their use in the treatment of respiratory complaints.

Abstract: Fluorenecarboxylic acid esters of general formula 1 wherein X? and the groups A, R, R1, R2, R3, R3?, R4, and R4? have the meanings given in the claims and in the specification, processes for the manufacture thereof and the use thereof as medicaments.

Abstract: Fluorenecarboxylic acid esters of general formula 1 wherein X? and the groups A, R, R1, R2, R3, R3?, R4, and R4? have the meanings given in the claims and in the specification, processes for the manufacture thereof and the use thereof as medicaments.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new anticholinergics of general formula 1 wherein A, X?, and the groups R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 may have the meanings given in the claims and in the specification, processes for preparing them and their use as pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Crystalline monohydrate of (1?,2?,4?,5?,7?)-7-[(hydroxydi-2-thienylacetyl)oxy]-9,9-dimethyl-3-oxa-9-azoniatricyclo[3.3.1.02,4]nonane bromide (tiotropium bromide monohydrate), processes for the preparation thereof, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and their use.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new industrially useable process for preparing tropenol, optionally in the form of the acid addition salts thereof.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula 1 wherein X? is an anion with a single negative charge, and a betamimetic, optionally together with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, the compound of formula 1 and the betamimetic optionally in the form of their enantiomers, mixtures of their enantiomers, their racemates, their solvates, or their hydrates, processes for preparing them, and their use in the treatment of respiratory tract diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new industrially useable process for preparing tropenol, optionally in the form of the acid addition salts thereof.